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Chandran, A.K.N.,Priatama, R.A.,Kumar, V.,Xuan, Y.,Je, B.I.,Kim, C.M.,Jung, K.H.,Han, C.d. G. Fischer 2016 Journal of plant physiology Vol.200 No.-
<P>Nitrogen (N) is the most important macronutrient for plant growth and grain yields. For rice crops, nitrate and ammonium are the major N sources. To explore the genomic responses to ammonium supplements in rice roots, we used 17-day-old seedlings grown in the absence of external N that were then exposed to 0.5 mM (NH4)(2)SO4 for 3 h. Transcriptomic profiles were examined by microarray experiments. In all, 634 genes were up-regulated at least two-fold by the N-supplement when compared with expression in roots from untreated control plants. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed that those upregulated genes are associated with 23 GO terms. Among them, metabolic processes for diverse amino acids (i.e., aspartate, threonine, tryptophan, glutamine, L-phenylalanine, and thiamin) as well as nitrogen compounds are highly over-represented, demonstrating that our selected genes are suitable for studying the N-response in roots. This enrichment analysis also indicated that nitrogen is closely linked to diverse transporter activities by primary metabolites, including proteins (amino acids), lipids, and carbohydrates, and is associated with carbohydrate catabolism and cell wall organization. Integration of results from omics analysis of metabolic pathways and transcriptome data using the MapMan tool suggested that the TCA cycle and pathway for mitochondrial electron transport are co-regulated when rice roots are exposed to ammonium. We also investigated the expression of N-responsive marker genes by performing a comparative analysis with root samples from plants grown under different NH4+ treatments. The diverse responses to such treatment provide useful insight into the global changes related to the shift from an N-deficiency to an enhanced N-supply in rice, a model crop plant. (C) 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.</P>
Phase contrast radiography of Lewy bodies in Parkinson disease
Koh, S.B.,Suh, S.I.,Lee, D.H.,Kim, A.R.,Oh, C.H.,Yoon, J.S.,Weon, B.M.,Seol, S.K.,Pyun, A.R.,Je, J.H.,Hwu, Y.,Margaritondo, G. Elsevier 2006 NeuroImage Vol.32 No.2
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Parkinson's disease (PD), defined as a neurodegenerative disorder, is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons and the presence of Lewy bodies in neurons. Morphological study of Lewy bodies is important to identify the causes and the processes of PD. Here, we investigate a possibility of phase contrast radiography using coherent synchrotron X-rays to explore the microscopic details of Lewy bodies in thick (∼3?mm) midbrain tissues. Autopsied midbrain tissues of a PD patient were sliced in 3?mm thickness and then examined using synchrotron X-rays from the 7B2 beamline of the Pohang Light Source. Refraction-enhanced phase contrast radiography and microtomography were adopted to identify dark core and dim edge of Lewy bodies in neurons. The morphology of Lewy bodies was clearly revealed by the phase contrast radiography in very thick (3?mm) midbrain tissues without any staining treatment. Three-dimensional volume rendered microtomography of the autopsied midbrain tissues demonstrates striking evidence that several Lewy bodies are agglomerated by dim edges in a neuron. We suggest that the phase contrast radiography could be a useful tool to morphologically investigate the causes or the processes in PD.</P>
ScienceDMZ 기반 엣지 컴퓨팅 환경 개발 및 연구
김기현(Ki-Hyeon Kim),문정훈(Junghoon Moon),석우진(Woojin Seok) 한국정보과학회 2021 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2021 No.6
최근 딥러닝에 대한 관심이 높아지면서 빅데이터와 AI에 대한 많은 연구들이 진행되고 있다. 과학기술분야에서도 기존의 시뮬레이션 중심의 연구 환경에서 대용량의 데이터를 전송하고 이를 처리하기 위한 연구 환경으로 변화하고 있다. 이러한 변화에 따라 다양한 문제점들이 발생되고 있다. 데이터의 크기가 커지면서 빅데이터를 전송하기 위한 네트워크의 부재와 빅데이터를 처리하기 위한 컴퓨팅 환경의 부재가 발생하고 있다. 이와 같은 문제점들을 해결하기 위해 국가과학기술연구망에서는 R&E Together이라는 프로젝트를 진행하고 있다. R&E Together 프로젝트는 고속의 빅데이터 전용의 네트워크를 구성하기 위해 ScienceDMZ 기술을 활용하며, 대용량의 데이터를 처리하기 위한 분산 컴퓨팅 환경을 구성하기 위해 Edge Computing 환경의 인프라를 구축하고 인공지능 연구자들을 위한 플랫폼을 개발하여 위에서 제기된 문제점들을 해결하고자 한다. 본 논문에서는 R&E Together 프로젝트에 대한 자세한 설명과 프로젝트를 통해 개발된 시스템의 성능을 검증하고자 한다.
Ahn, C. B.,Je, J. Y.,Kim, Y. S.,Park, S. J.,Kim, B. I. Springer Science + Business Media 2017 MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY - Vol.424 No.1
<P>Chemical modification of chitosan is a promising method for the improvement of biological activity. In this study, chitosan-caffeic acid (CCA) was prepared and its in vitro hepatoprotective ability against hydrogen peroxide-induced hepatic damage in liver cells was evaluated. Treatment with CCA (50-400 A mu g/mL) did not show cytotoxicity and also significantly (p < 0.05) recovered cell viability against 650 A mu M hydrogen peroxide-induced hepatotoxicity. CCA treatment attenuated reactive oxygen species generation and lipid peroxidation in addition to increasing cellular glutathione level in cultured hepatocytes. To validate the underlying mechanism, antioxidant and phase II detoxifying enzyme expressions, which are mediated by NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation, were analyzed and CCA treatment was found to increase the expression of superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1), glutathione reductase (GR), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and NAD(P)H:quinine oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1). CCA treatment resulted in increased Nrf2 nuclear translocation. The phosphorylation of extracellular regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) by CCA treatment contributed to Nrf2 activation. Pharmacological blockade of ERK, JNK, and p38 MAPK revealed that SP600125 (JNK inhibitor) and PD98059 (ERK inhibitor) treatment reduced Nrf2 translocation into the nucleus while SB203580 (p38 inhibitor) exhibited weak inhibition. Collectively, CCA protects liver cells against hydrogen peroxide-induced injury and this ability is attributed to the induction of antioxidants and phase II detoxifying enzymes that are mediated by Nrf2 translocation via JNK/ERK signaling.</P>