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Radiological Spectrum of Intraductal Papillary Tumors of the Bile Ducts
JaeHoonLim 대한영상의학회 2002 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.3 No.1
Papillary tumor of the bile duct is characterized by the presence of an intraductal tumor with a papillary surface comprising innumerable frondlike infoldings of proliferated columnar epithelial cells surrounding slender fibrovascular stalks. There may be multiple tumors along the bile ducts (papillomatosis or papillary carcinomatosis), which are dilated due to obstruction by a tumor per se, by sloughed tumor debris, or by excessive mucin. Radiologically, the biliary tree is diffusely dilated, either in a lobar or segmental fashion, or aneurysmally, depending on the location of the tumor, the debris, and the amount of mucin production. A tumor can be depicted by imaging as an intraductal mass with a thickened and irregular bile duct wall. Sloughed tumor debris and mucin plugs should be differentiated from bile duct stones. Cystically or aneurysmally, dilated bile ducts in mucin-hypersecreting variants (intraductal papillary mucinous tumors) should be differentiated from cystadenoma, cystadenocarcinoma and liver abscess.
Formation of niobium oxide nanowires by thermal oxidation
Jae Hoon Lim,Jinsub Choi 한국공업화학회 2009 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.15 No.6
In this report, we describe simple thermal oxidation of niobium for the fabrication of niobium oxides, emphasizing that niobium oxide nanowires can be prepared upon the concentration of oxygen in the environment. For example, dense Nb2O5 nanowires on thin oxide film are produced if the annealing is performed in a restricted concentration of oxygen (herein, 3 Torr vacuum). If most of the oxygen is removed in the environment, the nanowires are sparely formed. The nanowires consist of a superlattice monoclinic Nb2O5 with a growth direction of [0 0 1].