Open Posterior Approach versus Arthroscopic Suture Fixation for Displaced Posterior Cruciate Ligament Avulsion Fractures: Systematic Review

Jae­Gwang Song,Kyung Wook Nha,이세원 대한슬관절학회 2018 대한슬관절학회지 Vol.30 No.4

Purpose: To compare the clinical outcomes between the open posterior approach and arthroscopic suture fixation for displaced posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) avulsion fractures.Methods: A literature search was performed on MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library databases. The inclusion criteria were as follows: papers written in English on displaced PCL avulsion fractures, clinical trial(s) with clear description of surgical technique, adult subjects, a follow­up longer than 12 months and modified Coleman methodology score (CMS) more than 60 points.Results: Twelve studies were included with a mean CMS value of 72.4 (standard deviation, 7.6). Overall, 134 patients underwent the open posterior approach with a minimum 12­month follow­up, and 174 patients underwent arthroscopic suture fixation. At final follow­up, the range of Lysholm score was 85–100 for the open approach and 80–100 for the arthroscopic approach. Patients who were rated as normal or nearly normal in the International Knee Documentation Committee subjective knee assessment were 92%–100% for the open approach and 90%–100% for the arthroscopic approach. The range of side­to­side difference was 0–5 mm for both approaches.Conclusions: Both arthroscopic and open methods for the treatment of PCL tibial­side avulsion injuries resulted in comparably good clinical outcomes, radiological healing, and stable knees.

우리나라 一部獻血者의 實態調査

송재옹,문희주,김경희 대한임상병리사협회 1980 대한임상병리사회지 Vol.12 No.1

As a result of inspecting the distribution chart on ABO blood group and Rho negative blood type by sex, age, occupation and month based on 77,871 blood donors with a view in understanding the real status on blood donors in our country. Data can be summerized as follows; 1. It showed that males(65.47%) who took part in the blood donation campaign were more than that of females. 2. Donors of 16 to 20 years old are 57.1%, 21 to 25 are 30.49%, 26∼30 are 8.64%, 31∼35 are 3.07% and over 36 years of age were 0.79%. It showed that majority of participants are the youth whose ages are ranging from 16 up to 20 years of ages. 3. Donor distribution by occupation showed that students were 54.01%, employers were 14.67%, businessmen were 8.58%, unemployed were 12.44% and the others were 10.3%. 4. It showed group A were 33.10%, group B were 27.81%, group 0 were 28.15% and group AB were 10.94%. It was discovered that 0.21% or 154 persons were identified Rho negative type among 77,871 donors.

측모 두부방사선 규격사진의 기준점 선정의 다양성

송경,성재현 慶北大學校 齒科大學 1990 慶北齒大論文集 Vol.7 No.1

The purpose of this study was to compare the variability in locating landmarks on lateral cephalograms. Ten lateral cephalograms at CRO and maximum opening were randomly selected from adult patients. The 29 landmarks were located on CRO cephalograms by 10 tracers twicely at 1 month interval. The scattergrams consisted of two hundred points for each landmarks were obtained and analysed by computed 75% & 95% density ellipses using bivariate normal distribution. The results were as follows ; · The landmarks having relatively smaller locating errors were S, Na, Ar, Gn, Go, UIE, LIE. · The landmarks having relatively larger locating errors were Ba, Po, Co, PT, R1, R3. · The landmarks having nearly circular distributions were S, UIE, LIE, Ba, Po, R3 and those having long elliptical distributions were B, Pog, Pm, R2, Me, R4, in which B, Pog, Pm and R2 distributed vertically and Me and R4 distributed horizontally. · Each landmark had its own characteristic elliptical envelope of error and large differences in magnitude and configuration of envelope of error were found among the difference landmarks. J. Kyungpook Univ. Sch. Dent. Vol. 7, No. 1,98∼98, 1990

私立大學 會計制度의 改善方案에 관한 硏究

송동섭, 김재준, 김경구 상지대학교 산업경영연구소 2001 産業經營硏究 Vol.11 No.-

대학의 연구를 통하여 새로운 이론과 기술을 개발하고, 교육서비스를 통하여 인재를 양성하며, 사회봉사를 통하여 국가 및 지역사회 발전에 기여하는 서비스조직이라고 볼 수 있다. 대학이 우수한 이론과 기술을 개발하고 양질의 교육서비스를 제공하기 위해서는 이를 뒷받침 할 수 있는 막대한 자원의 확보와 자원의 공정한 배분과 효율적인 운영이 뒤따라야 한다. 대학의 이해관계자들은 대학을 운영하고, 평가하고, 지원하기 위하여 대학운영에 대한 목적적합하고 신뢰할 수 있는 정보를 필요로 한다. 이러한 정보를 산출하기 위해서 그에 적합한 회계제도가 뒷받침되어야 한다. 그러나 현행 대학의 회계제도에 대해서 많은 문제점이 제기되고 있다. 본 연구는 사립대학의 재무회계제도 개선에 관한 사항을 목적으로 사립학교법과 사학기관재무회계 규칙 및 동 특례규칙을 검토하였다. 본 연구결과 사립대학의 재무회계제도가 가지고 있는 문제점을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 자금운용계산서에는 전반적인 자금의 내용과 유입 ·유출간의 균형상태를 나타내기 위하여 발생주의에 따라 회계인식하며 자금원천과 운용을 경상적, 비경상적으로 구분하고, 지출자금을 부문별, 활동별, 프로그램별로 표시한다. 둘째, 운영수지계산은 운영수지의 내용 및 그 균형상태에 관한 정보를 회계정보이용자에게 전달하여야 하며, 이를 위하여 발생주의를 적용하며, 운영수지를 부문별, 활동별, 프로그램별로 보고하고, 운영수지예산서를 작성하여 실적과 비교하며, 고유활동과 보조활동별로 운영수지를 보고한다. 셋째, 대차대조표가 대학의 전반적인 재무상태를 회계정보이용자에게 전달하기 위하여는 감가상각 회계의 도입, 기본금의 전입대상, 전입시기, 전입방법 등 회계처리기준의 제정 등에 대하여 명백하게 규정한다. 넷째, 원가회계의 도입에 관한 문제에 있어 등록금 책정 및 대학별 예산 배정을 위한 표준원가의 계산, 예산편성의 철저, 경영자의 의사결정의 유용성, 학교의 장기발전계획, 이해관계자에게 효과적인 정보를 제공하고, 효율적인 내부관리를 위해서도 원가회계의 도입을 위한 방안이 마련되어야 할 것이다. 독자적인 특성을 지니고 있는 조직체의 회계기준의 확립과 회계제도의 체계화는 정부의 일방적이고 일률적인 법령의 제정, 공포 및 행정지도를 통해서 해결될 성질의 문제가 아니다. 회계이론가와 사학기관 회계실무자가 산학협동의 차원에서 사학기관회계와 관련된 이론의 체계화와 제도 정립을 위하여 연구할 수 있는 연구기관의 설립이 문제해결을 위한 한 방안이 될 것이다.

여성생식계 상피세포에서 Glutathione S-Transferase 출현도에 관한 면역조직화학적 관찰

송계용,김석중,김미경,박용욱,유재형,박상철 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1991 中央醫大誌 Vol.16 No.2

Both placental form (GST-Pi) and basic form (GST-L) of glutathione S-transferase were studied in the epithelium of normal, tumor and tumor like lesions of female genital system. The results obtained were as follows : 1. Staining reaction of GST-Pi were moderate in normal cytotrophoblasts, mild in syncytiotrophoblasts, strong in corpus luteum, moderate to strong in salpingeal mucosa and in proliferative glands, moderate in secretory glands of indometrium and moderate in superficial squamous epithelium of cervix 2. Staining reaction of GST-L were mild in cytotrophoblasts and in syncytiotrophoblasts, of chorionic villi in corpus luteum, negative in salpingeal mucosa, very weak in proliferative glands, mild in secretory, glands of endometrium and in superficial squamous epithelium of cervix. 3. Staining reaction of GST-L were mild in cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast of choriocarcinoma, moderate in cytotrophoblasts, mild in syncytiotrophoblasts of hydatidiform mole, negative in mucinous epithelium of cust adenoma, in hyperplastia and adenocarcinoma, and mild in adenocarcinoma of cervix. 4. Staining reaction of GST-L were very weak in cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts of choriocarcinoma and in hydatidiform mole, negative in mucinous epithelium of cust adenoma, very weak in serous eptiethlium, negative to mild in hyperplastic and adenocarcinoma, mild in squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of cervix. Therefore, staining reaction and distribution of GST-Pi and L isoengumes were different in normal and neoplastic cell of trophoblasts, salpinx, endometrin and cervix

복강경을 이용한 대장 부분 절제 시행 1예

박재갑,서경석,정회원,김선회,오용석,송인성,박용현 대한대장항문학회 1993 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.9 No.1

Helicobacter pylori의 생육에 영향을 미치는 성분과 식품첨가물에 관한 연구

송재철,정혜진,박현정,조은경,신완철 한국식품영양학회 1999 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.12 No.5

본 연구에서는 일반적으로 섭취하고 있는 식품재료나 음식 중에 공통적으로 함유한 성분 또는 가공중에 많이 첨가되는 성분을 선정하여 이들이 Helicobacter pylori 생육에 어떤 영향을 미치는지를 검토하였다. 첫째, 일반식품의 주요 성분인 탄소원, 질소원, 무기질을 대상으로 Helicobacter pylori 생육에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 그 결과 식품성분 중 탄소원의 종류에 따라 균일 생육활성은 다르게 나타났다. 우선 단당류가 이당류나 다당류에 비교하여 생육을 촉진하였고 특히 단당류 중 포도당은 가장 균의 생육에 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 만노오스는 균의 생육을 오히려 억제시키는 것으로 나타났다. 당알코올류인 솔비톨, 만니톨, 말티톨, 크리시톨 등은 균의 생육에 아무런 영향을 미치지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 질소원과 Helicobacter pylori의 생육과의 관계는 평소 식생활에서 많이 섭취된다고 생각되는 일반 음식에 많이 함유되어 있는 유기형 아미노산 성분고 무기형 질소화합물을 대상으로 균의 생육 정도를 비교하였다. 리신, 메티오닌, 시스테인, 트립토판 등은 균의 생육을 촉진하고 아르기닌, 황산암모늄, 염화암모늄 등은 균의 생육에 도움이 되지 않고 암노니아, 요소등은 균의 생육에 도움이 되지 않고 암모니아, 요소 등은 균의 생육에 조금 영향을 미침을 관찰할 수 있었다. 특히 리신과 메티오닌은 가장 균의 생육에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 무기염류의 영향에서는 황산마그네슘, KH-2PO_4, 염화마그네슘 등은 큰 영향을 미치지 못하였고 황산철, 염화제일철, 염화제이철은 생육을 억제하는 것으로 나타났다. 식품첨가물의 Helicobacter pylori의 생육 정도를 검토한 것으로, 그 다음이 질화나트륨, 염화나트륨 순이었으며 토코페롤은 전혀 생육에 영향을 미치지 못하였다. The purpose of this study was to choose principal food components contained in diet foods and food additives used for manufacturing processed foods, and elucidate their in vivo effects on the growth pattern of Helicobacter pylori. To do this, the antibacterial effects of various sources of carbon, nitrogen and mineral as an effect agent on Helicobacter pylori were first assessed based upon bacterial growth degree. Results show that the source of carbon tested had different effects on bacterial growth of Helicobacter pylori. It was revealed that a promotional effect of monosaccharides resulted in enhanced growth of Helicobacter pylori compared with disaccharides and polysaccharides. In particular, glucose was observed to be most effective in growth of Helicobacter pylori among monosaccharides tested, whereas mannose to hinder the growth of Helicobacter pylori. Polyols such as sorbitol, mannitol, maltitol and xylitol was, however, observed to show no promotion or suppression effect on growth of Helicobacter pylori. Apart from these, the sources of amino acid and inorganic nitrogen were chosen and tested to assess the promotion or suppression effect of nitrogen sources on growth of Helicobacter pylori. It was found that amino acid such as lysine showed its promotion effect on the growth of Helicobacter pylori, while arginine, (NH_1)_2SO_4 and NH_4Cl showed no effect on its growth. Ammonia and urea were, however, observed to have a positive effect on the growth of Helicobacter pylori. Among these effect agents, lysine and methionine were revealed to show the most positive effect on growth of Helicobacter pylori. Minerals such as MgSO_4, KH_2PO_4, and MgCl_2 appeared to exert their positive growth effects, whereas CaCl_2, and CaSO_4 had a little effect. In addition FeSO_4, FeCl_2, and FeCl_3 brought suppression on the growth of Helicobacter Pylori. In studies of the growth of Helicobacter pylori by food additives, ascorbic acid showed extreme suppression on its growth. Sodium nitrate and sodium chloride were also found to be of negative effect on the growth of Helicobacter pylori in order of degree, whereas tocopherol had nothing to do with microbial growth.

독시사이클린 나노입자가 함유된 치주용 키토산 스트럽의 제조 및 특성

송경숙,양재헌,김영일,정규호 한국약제학회 2001 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.31 No.4

Local drug delivery by using biocompatible polymers has been developed in the treatment of periodontitis for many years. In the field of dental therapy, doxycycline is usually a first choice because of its broad-spectrum antibiotic activity. The strip releases antibiotics for a week, and the polymer should be degradable after a week. In this study, we prepared and evaluated the chitosan strips and nanoparticle strips containing doxycycline hydrochloride, and studied their antiacterial activity, dissoultion, and degrability in vitro. The weight of cast strip containing a 5 mg of doxycycline hydrochloride and a 45 mg of chitosan polymer was 57.67±0.17 mg. The release rate of doxycycline hydrochloride from the strip was measured by HPLC. The drug released from chitosan strip and nanoparticle strip was shown to be 50 ㎍/ml, in first 24 hours. In antibacterial test showed growth inhibitory activity after 24 hrs anaerobic incubation. In vitro degradability showed demolished weight of 93.74±0.08% chitosan strip, 82.48±1.29% chitosan nanoparticle strip, 2.47±1.99% polycarprolactione strip (control). These results showed that, with this doxycycline hydrochloride strip, it is feasible to obtain a sustained release of the drug within the periodontal pocket for seven days which may be improve for local drug delivery system for treatment of periodontal disease.

우리나라의 農作業 災害實態에 관한 考察

송경환,양재성 順天大學校 1997 論文集 人文社會科學篇 Vol.16 No.-

ABSTRACT The main focus this study is the countermeasure of after agricultural work disaster. In this study, The countermeasure of after agricultural work disaster is to present the extension of industrial disaster insurance Many factory works accept the benefit of social insurance, industrial insurance, medical care insurace, national pension, employment insurance etc. But Agricultural business works accept only medical care insurance and national pension, in spite of lower income then their. Actually, Agricultural work disaster is to happen work course considerably. In order to solve such problem, the govenment must extend social insurance to agricultural work disaster.

Helicobacter pylori의 생육과 각종 유기산의 식품 보존료로서의 효과

송재철,조은경,박현정,신완철,최석영 울산대학교 2002 생활과학논문집 Vol.3 No.2

Helicobacter pylori의 생육과 각종 유기산의 식품보존료로서의 효과를 검토하였다. 우선 보존료로 현재 식품첨가물로 사용되고 있는 소르빈산(sorbic acid), 프로피온산(propionic), 안식향산(benzoic acid) 등의 H. pylori에 대한 항균능력을 검토한 결과 소르빈산, 프로피온산, 안식향산의 H. pylori에 대한 항균효과가 관찰되었으며 안식향산은 소르빈산이나 프로피온산과 비교했을 때는 별로 큰 효과를 나타내지 못하였다. 보존료의 조합에 대한 H. pylori의 생육억제효과는 0.5% 소르빈산과 0.5% 프로피온산을 조합하는 경우 나타났으며 다른 조합군과 비교할 때 큰 차이를 나타내지 못하였다. 유기산과 H. pylori의 생육관계에서는 단독 첨가시에는 항균력이 크게 나타나지 않고 조합하는 경우에만 좋은 항균력을 나타내었다. 유기산, 보존료와 H. pylori 생육관계는 유기산류는 어떤 보존료와 혼합하여도 항균력에 상승효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 구연산의 경우 소르빈산과 조합한 경우에는 H. pylori생육이 많이 억제되었으며 그 다음이 구연산+안식향산, 구연산+프로피온산 순으로 균에 대한 항균력이 감소되었다. 또 사과산과 숙실산은 구연산과 비슷한 경향을 나타내었다. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of various organic acids as food preservatives on the growth of Helicobacter pylori(H.pylor). The antimicrobial effects of sorbic acid, propionic acid and benzoic acid currently used as food preservatives were examined in light of the growth of Helicobacter pylori. Each of them was observed to have positive antimicrobial effect on Helicobacter pylori. However, benzoic acid wasn't higher than sorbic acid and propionic acid in antimicrobial effect. As for the combination of preservatives, antimicrobial activity of H. pylori was shown in the combination of sorbic acid(0.5%) and propionic acid(0.5%). However, its effect was not significantly different in comparison with other combinations. In the relationship of organic acids and H. pylori's growth, organic acid had no effect on antimicrobial activity when it was used alone, whereas antimicrobial effect was shown to be better in case of combination. If intermix of organic acids and preservatives and addition to the medium for suppression of H. pylori growth were achieved, organic acid exhibited synergistic effect on suppression of H. pylori's growth, even in combination of any other preservatives. In particular, in combination of citric acid and sorbic acid, the growth of H. pylori was shown to be remarkable suppression. And the effectiveness on suppression of H. pylori's growth was lowered in order of citric acid + bezoic acid and citric acid + propionic. acid. It was also found that the antimicrobial effects of malic acid and succinic acid were similar to those of citric acid.