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Microwave Heated Reaction-Bonded Silicon Nitride Using an Inverse Temperature Gradient
Fisher, J.G.,Bai, K.,Woo, S.K.,Han, I.S.,Lee, K.S.,Hong, K.S.,Seo, D.W. 대한금속재료학회 2003 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.9 No.2
The nitridation behavior of Si under a microwave-heating source was studied. Si preforms were produced via an aqueous gel-casting route with 45 vol.% solids loading. Preforms up to 10 mm thick could be produced without cracking. Microwave nitridation of the Si preforms was carried out using a fiberboard insulation box without packing powders in order to cause an inverse temperature gradient. Nitridation began at the unusually low temperature of 950℃. Up to 74 % nitridation was achieved by nitriding at 1120 ℃ for 5 hr. Preforms displayed an inverse temperature gradient, with sintering and melting occurring in the center of the preforms.
Park, K.H.,Kim, T.Y.,Park, J.Y.,Jin, E.M.,Yim, S.H.,Fisher, J.G.,Lee, J.W. Elsevier Sequoia 2013 Journal of electroanalytical chemistry Vol.689 No.-
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) were assembled using natural dyes extracted from Gardenia Jasminoide Ellis as sensitizers. Different mixtures of natural dyes (i.e., gardenia yellow (GY) and gardenia blue (GB)) extracted from the natural flower of Gardenia Jasminoide Ellis were used to produce photosensitivity by interaction between the chemisorption and physisorption of the dyes and the surface of porous TiO<SUB>2</SUB> film. In this paper, the adsorption characteristics for harvesting sunlight and the electrochemical behavior of electron transfer using GY and GB, and also a mixture of both dyes were investigated. The light absorption spectrum of the mixed extract contained peaks corresponding to the contributions from both gardenia yellow and gardenia blue extracts. The energy conversion efficiency of the TiO<SUB>2</SUB> electrode with successive adsorptions of GY and GB dye (S-GYB) was 0.59%, which is enhanced compared to the cases of single-dye adsorption.
Multimodal imaging of sustained drug release from 3-D poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF) scaffolds
Choi, J.,Kim, K.,Kim, T.,Liu, G.,Bar-Shir, A.,Hyeon, T.,McMahon, M.T.,Bulte, J.W.M.,Fisher, J.P.,Gilad, A.A. Elsevier Science Publishers 2011 Journal of controlled release Vol.156 No.2
The potential of poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF) scaffolds as drug carriers was investigated and the kinetics of the drug release quantified using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and optical imaging. Three different MR contrast agents were used for coating PPF scaffolds. Initially, iron oxide (IONP) or manganese oxide nanoparticles (MONP) carrying the anti-cancer drug doxorubicin were absorbed or mixed with the scaffold and their release into solution at physiological conditions was measured with MRI and optical imaging. A slow (hours to days) and functional release of the drug molecules into the surrounding solution was observed. In order to examine the release properties of proteins and polypeptides, protamine sulfate, a chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MR contrast agent, was attached to the scaffold. Protamine sulfate showed a steady release rate for the first 24h. Due to its biocompatibility, versatile drug-loading capability and constant release rate, the porous PPF scaffold has potential in various biomedical applications, including MR-guided implantation of drug-dispensing materials, development of drug carrying vehicles, and drug delivery for tumor treatment.
Regulation of Hepatic Energy Metabolism and Gluconeogenesis by BAD
Gimenez-Cassina, A.,Garcia-Haro, L.,Choi, C.,Osundiji, Mayowa A.,Lane, E.A.,Huang, H.,Yildirim, Muhammed A.,Szlyk, B.,Fisher, Jill K.,Polak, K.,Patton, E.,Wiwczar, J.,Godes, M.,Lee, D.,Robertson, K.,K Cell Press 2014 Cell metabolism Vol.19 No.2
The homeostatic balance of hepatic glucose utilization, storage, and production is exquisitely controlled by hormonal signals and hepatic carbon metabolism during fed and fasted states. How the liver senses extracellular glucose to cue glucose utilization versus production is not fully understood. We show that the physiologic balance of hepatic glycolysis and gluconeogenesis is regulated by Bcl-2-associated agonist of cell death (BAD), a protein with roles in apoptosis and metabolism. BAD deficiency reprograms hepatic substrate and energy metabolism toward diminished glycolysis, excess fatty acid oxidation, and exaggerated glucose production that escapes suppression by insulin. Genetic and biochemical evidence suggests that BAD's suppression of gluconeogenesis is actuated by phosphorylation of its BCL-2 homology (BH)-3 domain and subsequent activation of glucokinase. The physiologic relevance of these findings is evident from the ability of a BAD phosphomimic variant to counteract unrestrained gluconeogenesis and improve glycemia in leptin-resistant and high-fat diet models of diabetes and insulin resistance.
B. Fisher,J. Genossar,K.B. Chashka,L. Patlagan,G.M. Reisner 한국물리학회 2007 Current Applied Physics Vol.7 No.2
We report on a comparative study ofS(T) for a series of transition-metal double-perovskites A2BB0O6 B0= transition metal ions), some of them known to have half-metallic ground states. For Sr2BB0O6 with BB0= CrMo, CrW, CrRe,FeMo, and FeRe (ferrimagnetic with high Curie temperatures),S(T) is metallic, for B0= Mo and W it is n-type and for B0= Re, p-type.For A2FeMoO 6 accompanied by prominent dierences in their (metallic)S(T). For the insulating Sr2MnReO 6 and Ba2MnReO 6, the onset of ferromag-netic order belowTc . 120 K is marked by a steep drop ofS(T) accompanied by only a slight change in the slope of lnq versus 1/T1/2.Signicant conclusions were drawn from the experimental results without the need for elaborate models.
MAGNETIC FORCE MICROMANIPULATION SYSTEMS FOR THE BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
R. SUPERFINE,J. K. FISHER,L. VICCI,J. CRIBB,E. T. O'BRIEN,R. M. TAYLOR II 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2006 NANO Vol.1 No.3
Manipulation systems using magnetic field gradients have the ability to apply a large range of forces noninvasively to a specific target. Depending on the requirements of a given experiment, the systems may be as simple as a single electromagnet for unidirectional manipulation or as complex as a high-frequency three-dimensional manipulator with force feedback. Here, we discuss the motivation for developing such systems, theory and design considerations, and give examples of the broad range of manipulators that has been put to use. In addition, we discuss a variety of applications demonstrating the range of experiments for which such a system is applicable.
Park, S.-Y.,Choi, M.,Park, D.,Jeong, M.,Ahn, K. S.,Lee, J.,Fisher, P. B.,Yun, M.,Lee, S.-G. Spandidos Publications 2016 ONCOLOGY REPORTS Vol.36 No.5
<P>Despite growing evidence indicating that astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) plays pivotal roles in tumor progression in various types of human cancers including brain tumors; to date, its role in the regulation of mesenchymal transition is not clear in glioblastoma. In the present study, we investigated the contribution of AEG-1 to stress fiber formation and then the acquisition of mesenchymal characteristics of glioblastoma cells. Gain- and loss-of-function studies in normal immortalized primary human fetal astrocytes (IM-PHFAs) and glioblastoma cells revealed that overexpression of AEG-1 increased expression of mesenchymal markers including N-cadherin and two mesenchymal transition-inducing transcription factors ZEB1 and Slug but decreased epithelial markers E-cadherin and ZO-1. In addition, knockdown of AEG-1 suppressed invasive ability and migration of glioblastoma cells. Overexpression of AEG-1 also induced stress fiber formation and activated the Rho GTPase signaling pathways in glioblastoma cells. Consistently, treatment with an RhoA inhibitor decreased AEG-1-mediated stress fiber formation in glioblastoma cells. Collectively, our findings suggest that AEG-1 promotes mesenchymal transition in glioblastoma through the regulation of the Rho signaling pathway, resulting in tumor invasion, a primary characteristic of malignant brain tumors.</P>