탄산가스 농도 변화가 팽이 버섯 재배에 미치는 영향

윤형식 외 한국버섯학회 2010 한국버섯학회지 Vol.8 No.3

팽이버섯 병재배에서 재배사 내의 탄산가스 농도를 조절하여 소비자 요구에 맞는 버섯을 안정적으로 생산하고, 생육과 수확에 관련하여 적정기준 설정을 위해 실험을 수행한 결과이다. 공시균주 특성 값을 종합해보면 탄산가스 농도가 높아지면 초발이소요일수, 생육일수, 수확일수는 증가하는 경향이고, 백색계열보다 갈색계열이 탄산가스 농도에 상관없이 초발이소요일수, 생육일수, 수확일수가 전체적으로 짧으며, ASI 4103 균주와 같이 균주의 유전적 형질이 재배적 특성에 많은 영향을 주는 것으로 판단된다. 병당 수량성은 균주에 따라 처리농도에 따른 증감의 차이는 있으나, 전반적으로 탄산가스 농도가 높아지면 수확량은 감소하였다. 개체중은 균주에 따라 약간씩 차이는 있으나 대체적으로 탄산가스 농도가 증가하면서 약간씩 감소하는 경향이다. 병당 개체수에서는 균주간의 차이가 커서 탄산가스 농도 증가에 따른 일정한 경향을 확인 할 수 없었다. 자실체의 수분함량은 균주에 따라 약간의 차이는 있으나 탄산가스 농도의 증가에 따라 수분함량이 감소되었다. This study was performed to determine the optimal concentration of carbon dioxide, which effects mushroom growth and yield. It was shown that the periods for fruiting initiation, growth and harvest of Flammulina velutipes were increased when the CO₂ concentration was raised. In general, those characteristics were less affected in brown strains than in white ones. Especially brown strain ASI4103 was susceptible to changes in CO₂ concentration. Yields per bottle and individual mushroom weight also decreased in most strains when CO₂ levels increased. We were unable to designate any tendency in the number of fruiting bodies due to the large variation within each respective strain. Finally, water contents in the fruiting bodies were found to decline under high CO₂ concentrations.

돼지 신장세포(PK15)의 이종이식 거부반응에 대한 재조합 IL-18의 영향

최연실,김은미,김영관,박상연,심정현,윤도영,강형식,명평근 충남대학교 형질전환복제돼지연구센터 2004 논문집 Vol. No.8

Various cytokines including IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-12p40, IFN-r, and TNF-α have been recently reported to play important roles in both host and donor cell activations during xenotransplantation. Interleukin (IL)-18, a proinflammatory cytokine, can induce IL-4 and IL-13 production in T cells, NK cells, B cells, mast cells, and basophils. IL-18 has the capacity to stimulate innate immunity and both Th1-and Th2- mediated responses, but little is known to involve in the xenograft rejection. In order to investigate the role of IL-18 in xenograft rejection, we transplanted the pig kidney (PK15) cells to C57BL/6 mouse with or without intraperitoneal injection of mouse recombinatant IL-18, It was analyzed the population of T cell, B cell and NK cell in the mice transplanted with PK 15 cells and recombinant IL-18 by flow cytometry. We found that splenic CD3+ T cells were increased in mice injected PKl5 cells with recombinant IL-18. These results suggest that recombinant IL-18 is critical in the xenograft rejection by increasing T cell population of the recipients.

머리염색이 인체에 미치는 영향

윤형식,황성호,이현륭,김수호,박연석,권낙현,정호진,김동훈,노현주,홍성호,박병찬,이관,정해관 東國大學校醫學硏究所 2002 東國醫學 Vol.9 No.1

일상생활에서 모발염색은 흔히 접할 수 있는 미용의 한 종류로 특히 젊은층을 중심으로 폭발적으로 유행하고 있다. 염색을 위항 사용하는 약제는 표백제와 발색제 등 각종 화학약품이 사용되고 있으나 이로 인한 건강장해에 대한 연구는 그리 많지 않다. 저자들은 염색이 인체의 모발건강에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위하여 염색과 관련된 주관적 증상과 모발의 변화에 대한 실험적 연구를 시행하였다. 동국대학교 경주 캠퍼스 재학생 80명을 대상으로 설문조사를 시행하여 염색 유 ·무 및 염색 후에 경험한 증상에 대해 설문 조사하였고, 의과대학 재학생 46명을 대상으로 피부 반응 테스트를 실시하였다. 또한 염색 전후의 모발 탄성도를 측정하였고 모발의 상태를 파악하기 위해 전자 현미경검사를 실시하였다. 설문조사 결과 염색 전에 비하여 염색 후 안구혼탁, 안구건조, 시력저하, 발진 및 접촉성 피부염, 모발손상, 모근손상 등의 증상을 더 많이 경험한다고 호소하였다(p<0.05). 모발손상과 모근손상은 헤어드라이어 사용 빈도에 따라 증가하는 것으로 조사되었다(p<0.05). 피부반응검사에서 가려움증이 가장 많은 증상이었으며 이는 여성보다는 남성에서 높은 것으로 조사되었다. 염색 전후의 모발장력은 염색 전 134.5±10.37g, 염색 128.0±30.69g, 염색 이틀 후 112.5±19.69g으로 나타났다. 염색 전후의 모발의 전자현미경 케라틴 층이 현저히 감소하고 모발이 가늘어지는 차이를 보였다. 염색은 모발손상, 모발 케라틴 손상 및 모근 손상, 발진 및 접촉성 피부반응, 안구혼탁, 안구건조, 시력 저하를 유발한다. 따라서 염색약으로 인한 손상에 대한 주의와 예방이 필요하다고 생각한다. 예방대책으로 염색 전 피부테스트를 통한 적합성 여부를 판단하는 것이 필요하며 가급적 염색을 피하는 것이 좋을 것이다. 염색약에 발암물질이 포함되어있다는 보고도 있어 염색 제조사의 철저한 실험과 염색 물질의 선별이 염색으로 인한 부작용을 최소화하는데 중요한 역할을 할 것이다. Hair coloring has became one of the most popular cosmetic activities to younger generations during last decade. However, there are few studies on the health effect of widespread use of chemical dyes. This study was conducted to study the effects of hair coloring dye on hair and other systems. We conducted a questionnaire survey of 80 persons in Kyongju campus, Dongguk University. We have done open patch skin test on 46 medical students. We also conducted scanning electron microscopy to examine the hair strength and structure before and after hair coloring process. Injury of hair and hair bulb, contact dermatitis, turbid eyes, xerophthalmia, and poor visual acuity were the main symptoms complained after hair coloring (p<0.05). Injury of hair and hair bulb were increased by frequency of hair-dryer use(p<0.05). In open patch test, pruritus was complanined by more than half of the subjects. Mean strength of hairs before and after hair coloring was as follows; 134.5 (SD 10.37)g before hair coloring, 128.0 (SD 30.69)g immediately after hair coloring, and 112.5 (SD 19.69)g after two days. The scanning electron microscopic findings of hair surface before and after hair coloring showed decreased keratin layer and thinning of the hair. Hair coloring induces injury to hair, its keratin layer, and hair bulb as well as contact dermatitis, turbid eyes, xerophthalmia, and poor visual acuity. Therefore, we think that precaution is needed in use of hair coloring dye. To prevent complications induced by hair coloring dye, it is necessary, especially to those with allergy or skin disorders, to perform skin test before action and avoid hair coloring whenever possible. Longterm health effects of hairdye should be studied and manufacturing companies should try to minimize complications induced by hair coloring dye.

LDPC부호화를 적용한 영상통신시스템설계

최태식,공형윤,최원호 울산대학교 2001 공학연구논문집 Vol.32 No.1

다양한 멀티미디어 통신이 발달함에 따라 채널부호화를 사용하여 오류를 정정하는 기술이 발달되어 왔다. 본 논문에서는 압축영상의 전송에서 LDPC 부호화를 이용하여 영상통신채널에서의 오류를 복원하고, 영상을 재구성할 수 있는 영상통신시스템을 제안한다. 제안된 영상통신시스템은 패리티검사행렬을 사용하여 가장 많은 오류를 발생하는 열과 가장적은 오류를 발생하는 열을 교환하는 방식을 사용하였고, 가우시안 노이즈를 가지는 통신채널의 신호 대 잡음비는 0dB에서 4dB의 범위로 설정하였다. 패리티 검사 행렬이 작은 경우 제시한 교환 방식을 사용하였을 때 사용하지 않은 경우보다 BER 성능이 우수함을 확인하였으며, 영상을 재구성한 경우에도 PSNR 성능이 우수함을 확인할 수 있었다. As a various multimedia communication has been developed, the error correction technique using the coding method was improved. In this paper, an image communication system using the LDPC decoding method for restoring the error and reconstructing the image in the image compression transmission is proposed. The proposed system has a parity check matrix that can alternate the least occurring error column with the most occurring error column. The signal to noise ratio of a communication channel with the gaussian noise was determined the range between 0dB 4dB. When a parity check matrix was a small size, the system's BER efficiency with the parity check alternating method was better than the parity check without it. Also in reconstructing image, the proposed system's PSNR efficiency was superior to system without alternating method.

내용기반 분류에 의한 비디오 검색 시스템 설계

배종식,남윤성,양동일,최형진 강원대학교 정보통신연구소 2006 정보통신논문지 Vol.10 No.-

We suggest how to search news data by dividing structurely, by classifying meaningly, and by itemizing them by contents. The structural division divides the scene using correlative information between frames such as the distribution of the space brightness and the irregularity of brightness, and time relation etc. The meaning classification means to classify the detailed contents of news video as articles comparing special information extracted frame key frame with previous knowledge information. This study classifies the articles as the anchor's scene and the non-anchor's scene using the character that the progress of news is repeated centering around the anchor frames by periods. We get the non-anchor's scene to search the news data itemizing speech scene, interview scene and general scene, and classifying as articles. Also, we use the function of searching for summary by news icons and search the caption by processing the integration of caption, and design them to be able to search the news video quickly classifying news video as contents and indexing them.

A2024와 SM45C 마찰용접의 열전달 해석

이상윤,고준빈,명태식,김기길,강형모 大田産業大學校 2001 한밭대학교 논문집 Vol.18 No.-

The heat transfer mechanism initiating the friction welding is examined and a transient three dimensional heat conduction model for the welding of two dissimilar cylindrical metal bars is investigated. The cylindrical metal bars are made of materials made of A2024 and SM45C. Numerical simulations of heat flow are performed using the finite volume method. Respectively, Commercial FLUENT code is used in the heat flow simulation and maximum temperature and distribution of temperature are calculated. Temperature of friction welded joining face is compared with the temperature distribution measured by experiment and numerical simulation. The maximum temperature of friction welded joining face is lower than melting point of A2024-T6 aluminum alloy using insert metal. The temperature distribution of friction welded joining face with insert metal is more uniform than that of without insert metal

殺蟲性 結晶蛋白質 特異的인 抗體의 生産

김기윤,이정민,유형진,백길현,권무식 성균관대학교 생명과학자원연구소 1996 生命資源科學硏究 Vol.3 No.1

Bacillus thuringiensis is a gram-positive soil bacterium characterized by its ability to produce crystalline inclusions during sporulation. These parasporal bodies consist of protoxins known as crystal proteins exhibiting highly specific insecticidal activities. The Lepidoptera-specific protoxin, Cry IAc, was purified from E.coli JM103 harboring the cry IAc gene. The gene was isolated from Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki HD-73 and subcloned into an expression vector, pKK223-3. The recombinant DNA(pOS4201) was transformed into E.coli JM103. The Cry I Ac protoxin overexpressed in the E.coli was isolated from the total proteins by differential solubility. The protoxin were trypsinized to obtain activated toxin. The proteins was resolved on SDS gel. The molecular weights of the pro-and toxin were resistered about 130,000 and 65,000 Daltons respectively. The Cry IAc toxin was used as immunogen to produce anti-Cry IAc antiserum in a rabbit. The immunogen (200㎍/ 200㎕) was mixed with an equal volume of Freund's complete adjuvant, and the mixture was hypodermically injected to the hide back (30 spots) and paws (2 spots) of the rabbit. The immunization was performed four times every two weeks. The dosage of the immunogen was decreased by half, and incomplete adjuvant was substituted for the complete one from the second immunization. The serum was prepared from the blood as described elsewhere. Immunoreactivity of the serum was examined by dot-blotting with the aid of GAR-HRP indirect immunoassay kit. It has been found that the anti-Cry I Ac antiserum recognized nano-gram quantity of antigen under these experimental conditions. The antiserum will he used for the development of immunochemical mean(s) to screen transgenic plants transformed by the insecticidal characteristics of Cry I Ac.

돼지 신장세포(PK15)의 이종이식 거부반응에 대한 재조합 IL-18의 영향

최연실,김은미,김영관,박상연,심정현,윤도영,강형식,명평근 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 2004 생물공학연구지 Vol.10 No.1

Various cytokines including IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-12p40, IFN-γ, and TNF-α have been recently reported to play important roles in both host and donor cell activations during xenotransplantation. Interleukin (IL)-18, a proinflammatory cytokine, can induce IL-4 and IL-13 production in T cells, NK cells, B cells, mast cells, and basophils. IL-18 has the capacity to stimulate innate immunity and both Th1-and Th2- mediated responses, but little is known to involve in the xenograft rejection. In order to investigate the role of IL-18 in xenograft rejection, we transplanted the pig kidney (PK15) cells to C57BL/6 mouse with or without intraperitoneal injection of mouse recombinatant IL-18. It was analyzed the population of T cell, B cell and NK cell in the mice transplanted with PK 15 cells and recombinant IL-18 by flow cytometry. We found that splenic CD3+ T cells were increased in mice injected PK15 cells with recombinant IL-18. These results suggest that recombinant IL-18 is critical in the xenograft rejection by increasing T cell population of the recipients.

3-차원 블록인터리버기법의 터보코드를 이용한 영상통신시스템설계

최태식,공형윤,최원호 울산대학교 2001 공학연구논문집 Vol.32 No.1

본 논문에서는 3-차원 블록인터리버기법의 터보코드를 사용하여 무선 통신 환경 하에서 효과적으로 전송할 수 있는 영상 통신 시스템을 제안한다. 웨이브릿 변환과 벡터양자화를 영상의 압축알고리즘에 사용하였으며, 무선통신시스템의 코딩방식 중 하나인 터보코드를 사용하여 압축영상데이터의 통신에 사용하였다. 터보코드의 성능은 데이터율, 부호기의 구속장의 길이, 복호 방식, 순환복호의 횟수, 인터리버의 종류 및 블록크기에 의존되어 진다. 같은 비트 크기에서의 2차원 블록인터리버보다 비트간의 거리를 크게 하는 3차원 인터리빙알고리즘을 적용한 시스템이 영상통신에서 높은 성능을 얻었다. 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 이용하여 3차원 블록인터리버의 성능을 압축된 영상과 가우시안 잡음 채널 환경 하에서 비교분석 하였다. In this paper, an image communication system that can effectively work in wireless communication environment is proposed. The wavelet transform and the vector quantization are used to the compress images. The turbo code that is one of the coding methods in wireless communication is used for the compressed image data communication. The efficiency of turbo code depends on the data rate, the constraint length, the decoding algorithm, the number of decoding iteration, the type of interleavers and the block size. The system with 3-D interleaving algorithm whose bit distance is longer than the 2-D block interleaver in the same size had the higher performance in image transmission. To verify the performance of the proposed method, computer simulation was performed in Gaussian noise model.

腦의 神明機能과 腦의 호르몬 作用에 對한 文獻的 考察

金鎭炯,金允植,薛仁燦 대전대학교 한의학연구소 2002 한의학연구소 논문집 Vol.11 No.1

This thesis was written in order to help set groundwork of the mutuality between brain hormon and Shin-myung(神明) activity. 1.Shin-myung(神明) means all spiritual functions, and Shin(神) represents thinking, myung(明) represents consciounsness. 2.As a origin of Shin-myung(神明) activity, in ancient times Heart(心) was regared as one, but since Chung-Dynasty(淸朝), Brain(腦) is regared as a main controller to manage Shin(神) in human body. 3.Shin-myung(神明) activity would should between Brain(腦) and Shin-Sin(心神) 4.Hormon is chemical substance to serve convey informations and stimuiate them. In Present day Western medical science, make an attempt to understand Shin-myung(神明) activity of Brain(腦) as a activity of hormon doings. In conclusion, Shin-myung(神明) represent that Brain(腦) include Mind-Sprit(情神) activity, and it can be able by the function of brain hormon activety.