Slide Session : OS-IFD-07 ; Infectious Disease : In Vitro Antiviral Activity of Ribavirin Against Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus

( Myung Jin Lee ),( Kye Hyung Kim ),( Jong Youn Yi ),( Su Jin Choi ),( Chung Jong Kim ),( Nak Hyun Kim ),( Kyoung Ho Song ),( Pyoeng Gyun Choi ),( Ji Hwan Bang ),( Wan Beom Park ),( Eu Suk Kim ),( San 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

In Vitro Antiviral Activity of Ribavirin Against Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus Myung Jin LEE1, Kye-Hyung KIM1, Jongyoun YI2, SuJin CHOI1, Chung-Jong KIM1, Nak- Hyun KIM1, Kyoung-Ho SONG1, Pyoeng Gyun CHOI1, Ji-Hwan BANG1, Wan Beom PARK1, Eu Suk KIM1, Sang-Won PARK1, Hong Bin KIM1, Nam Joong KIM1, Myoung- Don OH1 Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea1, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Korea2 Background: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by a novel Bunyavirus, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV). No effective antiviral therapy is proven yet, but clinical use of ribavirin (RBV) has been tried. We investigated the antiviral effect of RBV against SFTSV in vitro. Methods: To test for cytotoxicity of RBV, Vero cells were treated with different concentrations of RBV (3.90 to 500 μg/mL, two-fold dilution) and analyzed by cell viability MTS assay 48h post-infection. To determine antiviral activity of RBV against SFTSV, Vero cells were infected with SFTSV strain Gangwon/Korea/2012 at 100 TCID50 (50% tissue culture infective dose) per well in a 96-well plate, and RBV was added at the concentrations showing no or minimal cytotoxicity. Viral RNAs were extracted from the culture supernatants and quantifi ed using one-step real-time reverse transcription- PCR to amplify the partial large segment of SFTSV. Statistical analysis was done by one-way ANOVA with Tukey`s post hoc test. Results: Cytotoxicity due to RBV was not observed at RBV concentration =31.3 μg/ mL. Viral RNAs at 24h post-RBV treatment were reduced with increasing RBV concentrations (1-32 μg/mL), compared with those of mock-treated cells (P <0.01, Figure). Half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of RBV was 3.69 μg/mL at 24h post-RBV treatment. Conclusions: Our study shows that RBV has antiviral effect against SFTSV in a dose-dependent manner. Further studies are required to evaluate the effi cacy of RBV in SFTS.

지속성 외래 복막투석 환자에서 염증 지표와 고해상도 B 모드 경동맥 초음파 소견의 연관성에 관한 연구

송현용,송영수,안철우,강신욱,최규헌,하성규,이현철,이호영,한대석 대한신장학회 2002 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.21 No.2

배 경 : 저알부민혈증 및 C-반응 단백(C-reactive protein, CRP)이 증가된 지속성 외래 복막투석 환자의 사망률이 높은 정확한 이유는 밝혀져 않다. 혈액투석 환자에서처럼 복막투석 환자에서 저알부민혈증 및 염증반응이 심혈관계 질환 위험인자 인지 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법: 비당뇨병성 말기 신부전, 지속성 외래 복막투석 환자 93명의 심혈관계 질환 위험인자들과 복막 투과 특성 및 알부민, CRP 등의 염증지표에 따라 고해상도 초음파를 이용한 경동맥내막-중간막 두께, 내막-중간막 면적, 플라크의 유무 등을 단면적으로 비교하였다. 결 과: 복막 투과 특성은 고투과막군 14명, 중간 고투과막군 38명, 중간 저투과막군 31명, 저투과막군 10명으로 각 군간의 경동맥 내막-중간막 두께, 플라크 유무 및 내막-중간막 면적의 차이는 없었다. 기존 관상동맥 질환 환자는 8예(8.6%)로 내막-중간막 두께는 관상동맥 질환이 없는 환자보다 증가되었고(0.79±0.21 vs 0.60±0.11 mm, p<0.05) 플라크 형성은 더 많이 보이나 통계적 유의성은 없었다(75.0 vs 63.5%, p>0.05). 혈청 알부민치와 경동맥 내막-중간막 면적은 역상관관계를 보였다(r=-0.27, p<0.05). 저알부민혈증 환자(혈청 알부민 <3.5 g/dL)는 정상 알부민혈증 환자보다 내막-중간막 두께가 증가되었고(0.67±0.15 vs 0.61±0.12 mm, p<0.05), 플라크도 유의하게 많았다(68.0 vs 55.8%, p<0.05). 혈청 CRP치와 경동맥 내막-중간막 면적은 양의 상관관계가 있었으며(r=0.21, p<0.05) CRP가 높은 환자(≥0.8 mg/dL, n=18)에서플라크가 많이 관찰되었으나(65.8 vs 50.0%, p<0.05) 경동맥 내막-중간막 두께 및 내막-중간막면적은 양군간에 차이가 없었다. 다변량 회귀 분석상 경동맥 내막-중간막 두께에 영향을 미치는 인자는 고령, 높은 CRP, 기존 심혈관계질환, 낮은 혈청 알부민 순이였다. 결 론 : 복막투석 환자에서 고해상도 초음파를 이용한 경동맥 내막-중간막 두께 측정은 심혈관계 질환 유무 예측의 비침습적 검사가 될 수 있고 저알부민혈증 및 높은 CRP과 같은 만성염증 지속상태가 복막투석 환자에서 죽상 동맥 경화증의 발생을 증가시킨다고 가정할 수 있다. Background : Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis(CAPD) patients with low albumin(LA) and signs of inflammation reflected by increased C-reactive protein(CRP) level have an increased mortality, but the mechanism of this phenomenon is not clear yet. Methods : To answer whether LA and inflammation also enhance cardiovascular risk in CAPD patients, we performed cross sectional study measuring carotid artery intima-media thickness(IMT), calculated intima-media area(cIM area) and the presence of plaque by high-resolution B-mode ultrasonography in 93 non-diabetic CAPD patients. Results : Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD, n=8) had significantly increased IMT(0.79± 0.21 mm vs. 0.60±0.11 mm, p<0.05) and higher prevalence of carotid plaques(75.0% vs. 63.5%) compared to the non-CAD patients. Significant inverse correlation was observed between serum albumin (SA) level and cIM area(r=-0.27, p<0.05). Those patients with LA(SA <3.5 g/dL) had significantly increased IMT compared to non-LA patients(0.67±0.15 mm vs 0.61±0.12 mm, p<0.05). Prevalence of carotid plaques was also significantly higher in LA patients (68.0% vs. 55.8%, p<0.05). CRP level revealed a significant positive correlation with cIM area(r=0.21, p< 0.05). Patients with high CRP(≥0.8 mg/dL, n=18) had higher prevalence of carotid plaques (65.8% vs. 50.0%, p<0.05) compared to those patients with CRP <0.8 mg/dL, but IMT and cIMT area were not different. By multivariate logistic regression analysis, old age, high CRP, history of CAD and low SA were the independent risk factors affecting IMT. Conclusion : Our study strongly suggests that low albumin and chronic inflammatory state of CAPD patients could be associated with increasing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. (Korean J Nephrol 2002;21(2):285-294)

트라이애슬러의 비타민Q 섭취가 호흡순환기능 및 항산화 효소활성에 미치는 영향

현송자,김귀백,박상일,석혜경 東亞大學校附設스포츠科學硏究所 2002 스포츠科學硏究論文集 Vol.20 No.-

The purpose of this present study was to investigate the effect of VitaminQ supplementation on antioxidant enzyme activities and cardiorespiratory function following prolonged exercise in trained triathlers. Male 14 healthy college students of trained triathlers participated in exercise sessions. The subjects were divided into 2 groups, as Non-supplement(NS) or VitaminQ supplement(VQ) groups. VitaminQ subjects were participated in two exercise sessions: an initial prolonged exercise(swim 750m, running 10㎞) and 70%V O2max treadmill running exercise. The Non-supplement group fed normal diet. VitaminQ group adminstated 90㎎/day for 4weeks. Venous blood samples were drown from the forearm antecubital vein pre-supplement, pre-exercise and immediately post-exercise. The results of this study can be summarized as follow: First, the SOD activity of RBC was not changed, while the GPx, GR or GR/GPx activies of Hb were significantly increased following prolonged exercise with CoQ10 supplementation. Second, 70%VO2max treadmill running exercise increased significantly the V O2max and VE, but the heart rate significantly decreased. In conclusion, the present results clearly show that the VitaminQ supplementation gave rise to increase the GPx or GR activies and to improve the cardiorespiratory function.

PCM Rolling Cylinder의 고체화특성

송희열,김석현 건국대학교 산업기술연구원 1998 건국기술연구논문지 Vol.23 No.-

In this study, the solidification heat transfer characteristics of horizontal PCM rolling cylinder where the coolant flows outside is investigated. The temperature of PCM in axial direction, cylinder wall, coolant inlet and outlet were measured for the various experimental conditions of coolant velocity and rolling speed of PCM cylinder. The solidification effect of PCM by coolant velocity is relatively excellent than that by rolling speed. The solidification time of PCM with rolling is 1/4~1/2 times shorter than that of PCM without rolling. The solidification time of PCM is correlated with the coolant with the coolant velocity and rolling speed of PCM cylinder as following. τs=3.287 x 10³(v)0.68(sc)0.46

말기 신부전 환자에서 투여 경로에 따른 유전자 재조합 인 Erythropoietin(Epokine^(�))의 효과와 안정성에 대한 연구 : 제 4상 연구 A Phase 4 Single Center Study

송현용,윤향숙,강신욱,최규헌,하성규,이호영,한대석 대한신장학회 2002 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.21 No.2

목 적 : 국내 독자적 기술로 첫 개발된 유전자 재조합 인 에리트로포에틴(Epokineⓡ)의 투여방법에 따른 유효성과 안정성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : Epokineⓡ을 주당 100-150 U/kg, 주 2회, 12주간 피하 주사하여 목표 또는 안정된 혈색소치 유지 후 무작위로 피하 및 정맥 주사군으로 나누어 12주간 혈액투석 및 복막투석 환자13명, 28명에서 유효성, 안정성을 분석하였다. 결 과 : 양군에서 혈색소치와 헤마토크릿은 Epokineⓡ 투여 2주 후부터 증가, 혈색소치가 혈액투석 환자는 투여 전 7.3 g/dL, 투여 12주 9.5 g/dL, 24주 10.6 g/dL로, 복막투석 환자는 6.8g/dL에서 12주 10.2 g/dL, 24주 10.8 g/dL로 증가하였다. 양군에서 교정 망상적혈구수(%)는투여 1주 후부터 전 기간동안 증가하였다. 혈청 내 철분, ferritin치는 양군에서 투여 2주 후부터감소, 총 철분 결합능은 투여 2주 후부터 증가하였다. 12주째 혈액투석 환자에서 많은 Epokineⓡ용량이 필요했으나(142.2±20.5 vs 117.3±33.6 U/kg/wk, p<0.001) 24주 후 양군의 용량차이는 없었다(123.6±41.5 vs 99.2±49.3 U/kg/wk, p>0.05). 혈액투석 환자에서 피하 주사가Epokineⓡ 투여용량이 더 적었으나(97.4±15.4 vs 145.4±2.9 U/kg/wk, p<0.002) 복막투석 환자는 차이가 없었다(93.0±60.2 vs 105.4±9.7 U/kg/wk, p>0.05) 연구기간 중 9명(18.8%)에서혈압강하제 추가가 필요한 혈압상승, 근육통 동반 상기도 감염 유사증상 및 두통 등의 부작용이 있었다. 대부분 자연소실 혹은 대증요법으로 치유되었고 2명이 부작용으로 탈락하였다. 결 론 : 말기 신부전 환자의 빈혈 개선에 사용하는 Epokineⓡ의 효과는 복막투석 환자에서 더 좋았으며 투여 경로는 정맥주사보다 피하주사가 높음을 알 수 있었다. Background : We evaluated the clinical efficacy and safety of recombinant human erythropoietin(Epokine^(ⓡ)). Methods : A comparative prospective study of intravenously and subcutaneously administrated Epokine^(ⓡ) conducted 13 patients performing hemodialysis and 28 patients performing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis with end-stage renal disease. Epokine^(ⓡ) was given initially at a dosage of 100 unit/kg, subcutaneously, two times a week. The patients had achieved stable or more than 10 g/dL of hemoglobin level for 12 weeks and then we randomized switching intravenously or subcutaneously administrated Epokine^(ⓡ) for another 12 weeks. Results : Hemoglobin(g/dL) and hematocrit(%) increased significantly from baseline levels beginning from 2 weeks after Epokine^(ⓡ) administration. In HD patients, hemoglobin increased significantly from 7.3 to 9.5 after 12 weeks and to 10.6 after 24 weeks. In CAPD patients, hemoglobin increased significantly from 6.8 to 10.2 after 12 weeks and then 10.8 after 24 weeks(p<0.05). Corrected reticulocyte count(%) was significantly increased from baseline levels beginning from 1 week after Epokine^(ⓡ) administration and continuously increased during study period in both group. Serum ferritin and serum iron decreased significantly and total iron binding capacity increased significantly after 2 weeks. At 12 weeks, HD patients were significantly needed more dosage of Epokine^(ⓡ) than CAPD patients(142.2±20.5 vs 117.3±33.6 U/kg/wk, p<0.001), but at 24 weeks, the dosage was not different(123.6±41.5 vs 99.2±49.3 U/kg/wk, p> 0.05). In HD patients, intravenously administrated Epokine^(ⓡ) group was more dosage than subcutaneously group(97.4±15.4 vs 145.4±2.9 U/kg/wk, p< 0.002), but CAPD patients were not different by administration method(93.0±60.2 vs 105.4±9.7 U/kg/ wk, p>0.05). The 9 cases(18.8%) were suffered from headache and flu-like syndrome, but these side effects were not severe and disappeared from conventional therapy. Conclusion : Epokine^(ⓡ) administration is safe and effective in treating anemia of ESRD patients and subcutaneously administration is significantly more effective than intravenously. (Korean J Nephrol 2002;21(2):190-198)

투기종목 선수들의 무산소성 역치의 특성

조현철,송순천,김춘경,김의영,안용규,이규석,김학렬 龍仁大學校 體育科學硏究所 1991 體育科學硏究論叢 Vol.1 No.1

The purpose of the present study is to determine the levels of maximal oxygen uptake and anaerobic threshold of boxing players(n=23), ken-do players(n=18), Judo players(n=12), T.D.K players(n=18). Treadmill test was used to measure maximal state and anaerobic threshold of metabolic variables. Treadmill exercises protocol was 2-min incremental test from an initial work load of 0MPH(grade : 0%) to all-out by step of 1.0MPH(grade : 2%). The results of measurement was as follows : 1. Absolute(1/min) and relative(ml/kg/min) maximal oxygen uptake was highest(5.08l/min, 65.01 ml/kg/min) in Judo layers, followed in order by the T.D.K players (4.37l/min, 64.74 ml/kg/min), Boxing players(4.18) l/min, 63.19 ml/kg/min) and ken-do players(3.81l/min, 58.65 ml/kg/min). It is not significant difference in the relative maximal oxygen uptake, but is significant difference between group in the absolute maximal oxygen uptake(p<0.001) 2. AT-VO₂(l/min) and AT-VO₂(ml/kg/min) in the anaerobic threshold was highest (3.71 l/min, 47.28 ml/kg/min) in Judo players, followed in order by the T.K.D players(3.29 l/min, 48.75 ml/kg/min), boxing players(2.90 l/min, 43.91 ml/kg/min) and ken-do players(2.82 l/min, 43.52 ml/kg/min). It is not significant difference in the AT-V02(ml/kg/min), but is significant difference between group in the AT-V02(l/min). (p<0.001) 3. %HRmax and %V 02max in the anaerobic threshold was not significant difference between group.

가전기기 발생 극저주파 자계 고조파특성 해석

민석원,송기현 순천향대학교 부설 산업기술연구소 2004 순천향 산업기술연구소논문집 Vol.10 No.1

With biological effects by ELF(Extremely Low Frequency) magnetic field generated from power system, the transient magnetic field from electric appliances is a major issue presently. Because the transient magnetic field induces higher current than the power frequency field inside living bodies, transient magnetic field exposure has been much focused. In this paper, it is shown that transient magnetic field from electric home appliances can be characterized as magnetic dipole moment. In this method, the dipole moment vector is assumed by allowing an uncertainty of 6 dB in the estimated field. A parameter M that represents biological interaction was applied also. The proposed method was applied to 6 type of appliances(Mixer, Microwave oven, PC, etc.) and their equivalent magnetic dipole moment and harmonic components were estimated. As the results, the useful data for quantifying magnetic field distribution around electric appliances were obtained.

벼 상온 저장 시기별 쌀 품질 변화

권석주,송영은,권영립,이덕렬,조승현,최동철 원광대학교 2005 論文集 Vol.35 No.-

Increasing concern about a rice quality, it is considered postharvest technology as well as cultivation management as an important factor. Therefore it is necessary to find optimal drying, storage method that did not affected a rice quality. In order to find the optimum storage period of rice, the rice quality was investigated during storage period. The temperature and humidity of storage bin were greatly changed but those of rice were a little do. The germination rate was slowly decreased as the storage period is long. The content of moisture was affected by a room temperature, it was increased at stored rice in rainy season(10-Jul~20-Jul). As storage period is long, the content of amylose, fatty acidity were a just Little changed but did not showed a constant tendency to it. The content of protein was increased and mechanic palatability value was decreased during storage period. The chromaticity of milled rice showed a range of lightness(L); 75.15~71.75, redness(a); 0.21~0.91, yellowness(b); 16.78~19.28 during storage period.

결혼이주여성의 정보수준, 정보유용성, 정보욕구의 차이에 관한 연구

최송식,김현숙 부산대학교 한국민족문화연구소 2009 한국민족문화 Vol.34 No.-

본 논문은 결혼이주여성의 출신국, 결혼경로별로 정보수준, 정보유용성, 정보욕구가 어떻게 다른지를 밝히고자 하였다. 분석에 활용한 자료는 부산대학교 사회과학연구소가 조사한 「2008년 결혼이주여성의 이주전 정보연결망과 정보수준」이다. 이 자료에서 정보수준, 정보유용성, 정보욕구를 분석에 사용하였고, 분석방법은 t-test, ANOVA, 주성분분석을 하였다. 연구결과에 의하면, 인도네시아 출신의 여성이, 연애결혼을 한 여성의 배우자 정보수준이 가장 높았다. 그리고 정보유용성은 가족생활에서는 인도네시아 출신 여성이, 가족 및 친척 소개의 결혼경로가 가장 높았고, 사회생활에서는 필리핀 출신 여성이, 학교 및 직장동료 소개의 결혼경로가 가장 높았다. 정보욕구는 주성분 분석하여 기초생활, 가족관계, 사회생활로 나누었다. 기초생활욕구에서는 베트남 출신 여성과 학교/직장 동료 소개 결혼경로 집단이, 가족관계욕구에서는 필리핀 출신 여성과 연애를 통한 결혼경로 집단이, 사회생활욕구에서는 인도네시아 출신 여성과 연애를 통한 결혼경로 집단이 가장 높았다. 이를 바탕으로 본 마지막 결론 부분에서는 결혼이주여성의 정보수준과 정보욕구를 고려한 정보 지원체계의 방안을 제시한다. This study invested the difference of information levels of husband and Korea lives, information utility and information need according to their country, marriage path. Subjects were 251 marriage migration females lived Busan and GyeongNam. Data were analyzed by T-test, Anova, Principle component analysis. In study reveals, the information levels showed a higher level of females from Indonesia and cases of love marriage. Information utility had divided into family life and social life. Family life showed a higher level of females from Indonesia and cases of arranged marriage by their family and kinship. Social life showed a higher level of females from the Philippines, cases of arranged marriage by their school day's friends and co-workers. Factors among information need using principle component analysis had extracted into factors of fundamental life, of apprehension family relations and social life. Factors of fundamental life showed a higher need of females from Vietnam, Factors of apprehension of family relations showed a higher need of females from the Philippines and Factors of social life showed a higher need of females from Indonesia. The practical implication of these result were pointed out and discussed in the paper.

공여자의 종류에 따른 간이식 후 감염성 합병증의 비교 : Comparison between Orthotopic and Living Donor Transplantation

기현균,손준성,오원섭,백경란,이남용,김성주,조재원,이석구,송재훈 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.3

목적 : 최근 간이식 수요가 증가함에 따라 이에 대한 하나의 대안으로 생체 부분 간이식(LDLT) 시행례가 증가하고 있다. 이에 뇌사자 사체 간이식(OLT)과의 감염 양상을 비교하기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법 : 1996년 5월부터 2003년 8월까지 삼성서울병원에서 간이식을 시행 받은 284명의 환자들을 대상으로 후향적으로 분석하였다. 결과 : 188명은 LDLT를, 96명은 OLT를 시행 받았다. 간이식 후 감염증은 총 191명에서 발생하였고(67.0%) OLT 환자군과 LDLT 환자군 사이에 감염증의 발생 빈도와 원인 병원체의 빈도는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 병원체 별로는 Enterococcus 균정(16.2%) S. aureus(15.1%), coagulase negative staphylococci (13.4%)의 순서였다. 감염증의 종류는 복강 내 감염이 총 83례로 가장 많았는데, LDLT에서 OLT에 비하여 유의하게 높게 발생하였다(34.0% vs 19.8%, P=0.012). 요로 감염증(11.5% vs 4.3%, P=0.022)과 침습성 아스페르길루스증(7.3% vs 1.6%, P=0.034)은 OLT을 시행한 경우에 많았다. 기타 감염증은 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결론 : 간이식 환자에서 공여자의 종류에 따른 감염의 발생빈도는 차이가 없었으나 감염증 중 복강 내 감염은 LDLT에서 더 많이 발생하였다. 장구균 감염, 특히 반코마이신 내성 장구균이 간이식 후 발생하는 감염증의 중요한 원인 병원체임을 확인하였다. Background : Living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) has been performed more frequently to circumvent the shortage of donor organs. However, infectious complications after LDLT compared with orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) have not been well investigated to date. Methods : We have retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all consecutive cases of liver transplantation, which had been performed at the Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, from May 1996 to August 2003. Results : Of the 284 patients enrolled, 188 (66.2%) underwent LDLT. Overall incidence of infectious complications after liver transplantation was 67.0% (191/284). Incidence of infections was not different between OLT group (67.7%) and LDLT group (67.0%) (P=0.9). Bacterial infections were the most common infectious complications (146 cases) followed by viral infections (32 cases), fungal infections (26 cases), and tuberculosis (4 cases). Enterococcus spp. (16.2%) were the leading pathogens followed by Staphylococcus aureus (15.1 %) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (13.4%). However, the distribution of etiologic agents was not different between OLT and LDLT group. Intra-abdominal infections (83 cases) were the most common type of infectious complications, which were more frequent in LDLT group (34.0%) than in OLT group (19.8%) (P=O.Ol). Conclusion : LDLT resulted in intra-abdominal infections more frequently than OLT. Enterococcus spp., especially vancomycin-resistant enterococci, are emerging pathogens in patients with liver transplantation.