Application of Artificial Insemination Technology for Dairy Breeding in Mongolia

Hyun‐Tae Jo,Jong‐In Jin,Seong‐Su Kim,Byung‐Hyun Choi,Tumor Baldan,Jung‐Gyu Lee,Yun‐Shik Kim,Sam‐Churl Kim,Il‐Keun Kong 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2011 발생공학 국제심포지엄 및 학술대회 Vol.2011 No.1

This study was focused on improvement of milk production in Mongolia dairy industry by artificial insemination (AI) technology, of which was supported from ODA project of KOICA in Republic of Korea. The study was started from January 2009 to present and 3rd years in this year. So, all data, especially synchronization and pregnancy of dairy cows (Holstein) will be summarized in final result in this year. For synchronization, total 81 dairy cows selected from 4 private farms that were 38, 30, 8 and 5 in Undarmal milk, Onjin (Enkhbayer), Jargalant, and BRM School, respectively. All the dairy cows were injected intramuscular (IM) of 5 ml PGF2α in the vulva and detected estrus 2 to 3 days after PGF2α injection. Total 78 out of 81 dairy cows (96.3%) were detected estrus by only 1 time injection of PGF2α. The dairy cows that were induced estrus, inseminated with 0.5 ml dairy frozen semen by conventional AI techniques. The pregnancy diagnosis of the AI dairy cows was detected by uterus palpation after 60 days of insemination. Total 75 from 78 inseminated dairy cows (90.1%) were diagnosis pregnant. The estrus induction and pregnant rate were very effective using PGF2α injection and conventional AI techniques in Mongolia dairy cow. The results indicated that AI after estrus induction in Mongolia dairy cows could be applied to dairy breeding technology to improve the breeding efficiency and milk production.

클럽 샤프트(Club Shaft) 특성에 따른 골프 스윙(Golf Swing)동작 분석

김성일,김기형,김형수,이현섭,김진욱,안찬규,김희진 한국운동역학회 2002 한국운동역학회지 Vol.12 No.2

본 연구는 클럽 샤프트의 대표적인 재질인 그라파이트(graphite)의 유연한(flexible) 클럽 샤프트(club shaft)의 특성에 따라 피험자가 운동학적(kinematics) 요인이 되는 관절의 각변위, 각속도, 각가속도, 클럽헤드의 속도와 가속도와 같은 변인들이 어떻게 적응하는지 비교 분석하여 보다 효율적인 드라이버 선택에 도움을 주며 샤프트 특성에 따른 신체관절의 움직임에 대한 자료를 제시하고자 하였다. 고속 카메라 2대의 속도는 500fps로 하였고 각 regylar,stiff, x-stiff, 자신의 클럽을 포함 각 4개의 클럽을 사용하여 각 클럽당 3번씩 촬영하였으며 목표방향에서 20m이상 벗어나는 경우의 촬영은 다시 촬영하였다. 본 연구에서는 디지타이징(digitizing)을 신체 9개 마커는 강체로 가정된 클럽과 신체분절 모델로 정의하였으며 2 대의 카메라(500fps)로부터 얻은 avi화일을 컴퓨터에 저장하고 자료로부터 Butterworth 6th order recursive digital filter를 사용하여 1차 자료를 smoothing 하고 DLT를 이용하여 3차원 좌표를 구성하도록 한다. 좌표값을 얻기 위하여 kwon3d v3.0을 이용하였다. 본 실험은 피험자 스스로 클럽의 특성에 따라 스윙의 속도를 달리 하기 때문에 스윙의 시간이 달라지며 어느 정도 클럽이 강성에 따라 스윙시간이 빨라지는 결과로 나타났다. 이것은 피험자가 샤프트가 강성(stiffness)에 따라 스윙 속도를 빨리 하게 되는 원인이 되는 것으로 생각된다. 어깨의 각변위는 클럽이 regular의 경우 임팩트에서 각속도를 계속 유지하고 있으며 stiff, x-stiff의 경우에는 어깨의 움직임이 임팩트에서 급격하게 감소되는 것을 알 수 있다. 이것은 팔의 동작과 클럽의 힘을 크게 하기 위한 동작으로 생각된다. 어깨 각속도는 클럽이 stiff할수록 각속도가 큰 감속하는 것으로 나타났다. 손목속도는 regular 클럽의 경우 손목의 감속이 늦게 되고 임팩트에서 손목의 감속이 적게 하는 것으로 나타났으며 stiff와 x-stiff의 클럽에서 임팩트 시에 순간적인 감가속으로 인해 클럽의 속도를 증가시키고 있다. 임팩트 시에 손목의 감가속은 클럽헤드의 임팩트 시 속도를 증가시키는 결과를 보였다. 클럽헤드는 regular 클럽이 임팩트전에는 속도 증가가 커지는 결과와 일치된 결과를 보이고 있다. The purpose of this study was to find the rational method to analyze golf swing with specific property of club shaft. Three subjects were filmed by two high speed digital cameras with 500fps. The phase analyzed was downswing of each subject. The three-dimensional coordinates of the anatomical landmarks were obtained with motion analysis system Kwon3d 3.0 version and smoothed by lowpass digital filter with cutoff frequency 6Hz. From these data, kinematic and kinetic variables were calculated using Matlab(ver 5.0) The variables for this study were angular velocity and accelerations, which were calculated and following conclusions have been made : 1) Golf swing time of stiff club is faster than that of regular club. 2) In shoulder joint motion of swing with the stiff club, x-stiff showed mort rapid negative acceleration than that of regular club. 3) In regular club, the velocity of club head would be more effective velocity, which was increasing, than those of other clubs before impact. 4) In wrist joint motion of swing with stiff club, x-stiff club showed faster than regular club in the downswing and impact more rapid negative acceleration.

동종 골수이식 후 만성 이식편대숙주질환과 동반되어 신증후군으로 발현된 IgA 신병증 1예

정철권,김현수,박준성,정성현,조도연,최진혁,남동기,임호영,김명성,신규태,임현이,김효철 대한조혈모세포이식학회 1999 대한조혈모세포이식학회지 Vol.4 No.2

동종 골수이식 후 발생하는 신기능부전은 원인이 다양하여 감별에 어려움이 있다. 만성 GVHD는 흉선의 기능저하에 따른 면역관용의 실패로 발생되는 자가면역현상에 의해 발생되는 것으로 알려져 있으며 드물게 신장을 침범하여 신증후군을 일으키기도 한다. CaA의 용량을 줄이거나 투약중지 후 발생한 만성 GVHD에 동반된 신증후군의 경우 조기에 신조직검사를 시행하여 감별진단하고 CsA의 용량을 증량하거나 재투약하여 좋은 치료 결과를 보일 것으로 기대된다. 저자들은 문헌고찰을 통해 동종 골수이식 후 발생된 신증후군이 유사한 임상양상을 보이며 발생기전에 만성 GVHD와 자가면역현상이 연관되어 있음을 확인하였으며 동종 골수이식 후 신증후군의 임상양상을 보이는 환자에서 병리조직학적으로 lgA 신병증을 진단하고 이러한 lgA 신병증이 발생기전에 만성 GVHD와 자가 면역현상이 연관되어 있을 가능성을 최초로 확인하였으며 CsA를 이용하여 성공적으로 치료한 경험을 하였기에 보고하는 바이다. Renal insufficiency is occasionally encountered in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation and its cause is difficult to ascertain. Chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) related to thymic dysfunction is immune-mediated and involves autoreactivity of T-lymphocytes derived from donor marrow to recipient's major histocompatibility complex(MHC) minor antigens. The clinical mainifestations of chronic GVHD are similar to those of autoimmune disease but kidney involvement is rare. Few cases of nephrotic syndrome with membranous nephropathy or minimal change nephrotic syndrome have been reported to be associated with chronic GVHD in allogeneic bone marrow transplant recipient especially after cyclosporine A(CsA) withdrawal, and these cases have responded well to CsA. Therefore, it is prudent to differentiate the cause of post-transplant renal insufficiency using renal biopsy and to start CsA in a case of nephrotic syndrome associated with chronic GVHD as early as possible. We report a case who had a massive proteinuria during the post-allogeneic marrow transplantation period. The cause of nephrotic syndrome was diagnosed as IgA nephropathy by renal biopsy. The patient was successfully treated with reintroduction of CsA.

2002년과 2007년 건강검진 수진자 특성비교

김윤진,김영주,이정규,박현지 부산대학교 병원 암연구소 2009 부산대병원학술지 Vol.- No.25

γ線을 放出하는 直接捕獲反應의 斷面積

金炳澤,崔圭賢 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1985 論文集 Vol.36 No.1

The cross section formula for the direct gamma capture reaction has been generalized so that it can be used for the system with a projectile of half-integer spin as well as that of zero. The theory is simplified for the E1 and E1 transitions which largely contributes at a low energy region.

Clow-Pole형 PM스텝모터의 동특성

김덕현,김탁규,홍정표 國立 昌原大學校 産業技術硏究所 1997 産技硏論文集 Vol.11 No.-

In this paper, the static and dynamic characteristics of clow-poled PM step motor is analyzed by Finite Element Method. Step by step technique coupled with circuit and mechanical equation are performed. And moving line technique is applied to reduce the computing time when unit step response and dynamic characteristics are analyzed. Driving circuit for experiment is made and to conform the validity of this study and analysis results are compared with experimental ones.

검은밀복어 간유 중의 고도불포화지방산의 함량

김동수,임정규,김현대 한국식품영양학회 1999 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.12 No.2

냉동 검은밀복어 10개체를 반 해동상태에서 근육, 껍질, 간장 및 내장으로 분리하여 독성검사와 총지질량을 구하였고 TLC로 조성을 조사하였다. Silicic column chromatography에 의하여 간유로부터 중성지질, 인지질 및 당지질을 분리하였으며 중성지질중의 DHA 및 EPA함량을 gas chromatography로 분석하였다. 검은밀복어의 총지질 함량은 간장 29.34∼36.54, 내장 4.95∼6.11, 껍질 1.12∼1.60 및 근육 0.23∼0.38%로 나타났고, TLC 분석 결과 다양한 지질성분으로 구성되었다. 그 중에서 triglyceride가 가장 많았다. 지질 함량이 가장 높은 간장 부위의 총지질의 지방산은 주로 palmitic acid(16:0), palmitoleic acid(16:1), stearic acid(18:0), oleic acid(18:1), EPA(20:6) 및 DHA(22:1)이었다. 포화지방산에 대한 고도 불포화 지방산의 비율(0.84)은 높았고, DHA와 EPA의 함량은 각각 15.99와 3.04%였다. 간유 중의 중성지질 95.46, 당지질 1.45 및 인지질 3.09%의 함량인데, 이 중 가장 함량이 높은 것으로 나타난 중성지질을 분리하여 분석한 결과 주요 지방산은 palmitic acid(16:0), stearic acid(18:0), oleic acid(18:1), EPA(20:5) 및 DHA(22:6)로 나타났다. 그 중의 DHA와 EPA함량 비율은 각각 16.62와 2.41%로 나타났다. 한편, 간장내의 지질 추출 전과 후에 대한 독성치는 모두 무독한 것으로 판명되었다. Ten specimens of pufferfish, Lagocephalus gloveri(called Gumeun-milbog in Korean), were purchased at a fish market in Pusan, Korea. The pufferfishes were immediately frozen, packed in ice boxes, transported to our laboratory, and then dissected into four parts. The tissues were homoginized after adding with chloroform : methanol mixture solution, and storaged at cool and dark place to extract total lipid. The total lipid contents were 29.34∼36.54% in liver, 4.95∼6.11% in intestine, 1.08∼1.60% in skin and 0.23∼0.38% in muscle of the pufferfish, respectively. The contents of DHA and EPA were higher in the total lipids of livers, showing 15.99% DHA and 3.04% EPA. The other fatty acids in the total lipids of liver were mainly composed of palmitic acid(16:0), palmitoeic acid(16:1), stearic acid(18:0) and oliec acid(18:1). Furthermore, the contents of neutral lipids were 95.45%, and those of phospholipids and glycolipids were 1.45 and 3.09%, respectively. Main fattty acids of the neutral lipid were composed of palmitic acid(16:0), stearic acid(18:0), oleic acid(18:1), EPA(20:6) and DHA(22:6). The contents of DHA and EPA were 16.62 and 2.41%, respectively. From these results of toxicity in the raw liver, the tissue was judged to be nontoxic before and after extracting of total lipid.

안면부 화상 환자에서 천공이개 복합조직 이식술을 이용한 인중재건

김민규,서현호 大韓成形外科學會 1999 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.26 No.5

The surgical correction of postburn nose and lips deformities still remains a difficult task domain to be done by plastic surgery. Consequently, the performance of autogenous cartilage graft and ear cartilage graft to maintain a better philtral form were found to raise the problem of a defect in the unnatural form due to consecutive tension in the region. Recently, focus had been placed on composite graft, including auricular cartilage, to obtain a unique dimple in the philtrum, and concurrently with this, part of its natural form has been acknowledged. However, composite graft on scar beds with poor circulation on the recipient site dose not represent safe survival, has increased risk allotment, which laeds to difficult application. From Jan. 1992 to Dec. 1998, the authors have experienced auricular composite graft in 15 patients who had a defect on the philtrum due to postburn scar contractures. As types of this operation, in method I, the subcutaneous pocket is made at the midline of the upper lip. The next step is cartilage insertion into subcutaneous tissue. The cartilage graft is fixed to be overlying skin by the bolus sutures. In Method Ⅱ, the recipient site is excavated by some excision of the soft tissue in the central upper lip after scar tissue excision. The obtained auricular skin composite graft is placed and fixed to the philtral area. In Method Ⅲ the auricular skin composite graft is harvested, and 2 or more 2mm-sized multiple holes are made along the midline of cartilage. Then composite graft is fixed to the defects of philtrum. The elongated portion of the distal tip of cartilage is embedded into the vermilion tubercle for sprouting and fullness. The most effective method was Method Ⅲ, which enhanced the survival of auricular cartilage graft and its overlying skin, by trimming the margin of grafts, and enhancement of the connecting vessels through fenestrated holes of cartilage between the recipient site and composite graft. The authors hereby report the results of the present study along with study findings based on literature surveys.

O_3/활성탄에 의한 고도정수처리에 미치는 기존처리공정의 영향에 관한 연구

김현정,서규태,문병현,이택순 7개 국립대학교 환경연구 논문집 공동발행 위원회 2001 환경연구논문집 Vol.1 No.1

The effect of conventional process, such as coagulation, sedimentation and rapid sand filtration, on O_3/GAC was evaluated for stable operation of the advanced treatment process. Five years long term water quality data was analyzed for a water treatment plant adopting O_3/GAC. Treatment efficiency of unit process in the plant was also monitored for 7 months(from 2000. 11 to 2001. 5) to investigate the pre-treatment effect on the operation of the process. Despite significant seasonal variation of raw water quality, treated water of the plant was good enough to meet drinking water quality standard. However effluent turbidity (1NTU) of sand filter was relatively high compared to the guideline that turbidity of filtered water should be lower than 0.3NTU for the effluent turbidity, 2NTU, of sedimentation tank. It was observed that effluent organic compound of sand filter gave an adverse effect on the running time of GAC filter. This phenomenon could be deduced from the correlation of the effluent water quality of sand filter and GAC in terms of TOC and UV-254. Therefore more sophisticated operation, such as adopting enhanced coagulation, should be given to the conventional process for stable and extended operation of GAC filter to produce safer drinking water even at deteriorated raw water quality.

效率的인 環境敎育을 위한 敎授·學習方法의 改善에 關限 硏究 : 中學校를 中心으로 in Middle School

김현철,이택순,문병현,서규태 7개 국립대학교 환경연구 논문집 공동발행 위원회 2002 환경연구논문집 Vol.2 No.1

This paper focuses on the development of desirable curriculum for environmental education in middel school. From the questionnaire investigation for teachers and students of 10 middle schools in Gyeongnam-do, it is desirable that the eduaction program should be practical and experiential rather than the current cramming lecture. In addition, environmental education program should be introduced as a compulsory subject through continuous and systematic curriculum. A training program is necessary for specialist group teaching environmental issues too. Institution of regional environmental education center is an appropriate meausre to develop such program. It will be helpful for open communication between school and social community. National support is necessarily required to promote research activity and to develop innovative teaching materials in such center. Consequently the national environmental network will be constructed and effective environmental education will be implemented.