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( Jae Won Lee ),( Yong Jun Choi ),( Jun Ho Park ),( Jae Young Sim ),( Yong Soo Kwon ),( Hee Jae Lee ),( Sung Soo Kim ),( Wan Joo Chun ) 한국응용약물학회 2013 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.21 No.1
3,4,5-Trihydroxycinnamic acid (THC) is a derivative of hydroxycinnamic acids, which have been reported to possess a variety of biological properties such as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and neuroprotective activities. However, biological activity of THC has not been extensively examined. Recently, we reported that THC possesses anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells. However, its precise mechanism by which THC exerts anti-inflammatory action has not been clearly identified. Therefore, the present study was carried out to understand the anti-inflammatory mechanism of THC in BV2 microglial cells. THC effectively suppressed the LPS-induced induction of pro-inflammatory mediators such as NO, TNF-a, and IL-1b. THC also suppressed expression of MCP-1, which plays a key role in the migration of activated microglia. To understand the underlying mechanism by which THC exerts these anti-inflammatory properties, involvement of Nrf2, which is a cytoprotective transcription factor, was examined. THC resulted in increased phosphorylation of Nrf2 with consequent expression of HO-1 in a concentration-dependent manner. THC-induced phosphorylation of Nrf2 was blocked with SB203580, a p38 MAPK inhibitor, indicating that p38 MAPK is the responsible kinase for the phosphorylation of Nrf2. Taken together, the present study for the first time demonstrates that THC exerts anti-inflammatory properties through the activation of Nrf2 in BV2 microglial cells, suggesting that THC might be a valuable therapeutic adjuvant for the treatment of inflammation-related disorders in the CNS.
Joo Wan Cha,Hae Jung Koo,Bu Yo Kim,Belorid Miloslav,Min Hoo Kim,Hyun Jun Hwang,Dong Ho Park,Hyun-Kyoung Lee,Ki Ho Chag,Chulkyu Lee 한국기상학회 2021 한국기상학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.10
A DSD (Drop Size Distribution) of rainfall observed in 2010 and 2011 using parsivel (Particle Size Velocity disdrometer) in Korea"s mountainous regions. The cloud microphysical processes for precipitation generation was estimated by the conceptual model of the cloud microphysical process using the DSD parameters. This study tried to find out the differences in the main cloud microphysical processes in different climate region by comparing the data of this study with those of previous studies at each site in East Asia and analyzed the most dominant cloud microphysical processes by rainfall intensity at each site in previous studies. For defining climate at each site in East Asia, this study used the Köppen-Geiger climate classification. As the defining climate at each site in East Asia, the main cloud microphysical processes were “VD” (Vapor Deposition) below light rain rate and “Mixed WC (Weak Convection)+ CC (Collision and Coalescence) +ICWRG (ICe-based and Warm Rain Growth)” above moderate rain rate in humid subtropical climate region. The most dominant cloud microphysical processes were “WC”, “CC”, “ICWRG” and the mixed microphysical processes of them in tropical rainforest climate region, “VD” and “ICWRG” in subarctic climate in high altitude region and mega cities of hot summer continental climate, “Mixed ICG and ICWRG” in warm summer continental climate region, and “ICWRG” in dry winter humid subtropical climate region.
[Pd / Co]N / FeMn 다층막에서의 교환바이어스 수직자기이방성과 열적안정성
주호완(Ho-Wan Joo),안진희(Jin-Hee An),김보근(Bo-Keun Kim),김선욱(Sun-Wook Kim),이기암(Kee-Am Lee),황도근(Do-Geun Hwang),이상석(Sang-Suk Lee) 한국자기학회 2004 韓國磁氣學會誌 Vol.14 No.4
Magnetic properties and thermal stability by exchange biased perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in [Pd/Co]_N/FeMn multilayer deposited by dc magnetron sputtering system are investigated. We measured the perpendicular magnetization curves of [Pd(0.8 ㎚)/Co(0.8 ㎚)]_5/FeMn multilayer as function of FeMn thickness and annealing temperature. As FeMn thickness increases from 0 to 21 ㎚, the perpendicular exchange bias(Hex) obtained 127 Oe at FeMn thickness 15 ㎚. As the annealing temperature increases to 240℃, the Hex increased from 115 Oe to 190 Oe and disappeared exchange biased perpendicular magnetic anisotropy effect at 330℃.
[Pd / Co]5 / FeMn 막에서의 바닥층과 삽입층에 의한 교환바이어스수직자기이방성
주호완(Ho Wan Joo),안진희(Jin Hee An),이미선(Mi Sun Lee),김보근(Bo Keun Kim),최상대(Sang Dea Choi),이기암(Kee Am Lee) 한국자기학회 2004 韓國磁氣學會誌 Vol.14 No.5
Magnetic properties by exchange biased perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in [Pd(0.8 ㎚)/Co(0.8 ㎚)]_5/FeMn(15 ㎚) multilayers deposited by dc magnetron sputtering system are investigated. As inserted Pd layer of interface between [Pd/Co] multilayer and FeMn film, the Hex of perpendicular anisotropy was improved from 127 Oe to 145 Oe. But result of an experiment by thermal stability, the Hex of the case that an inserted layer was inserted in decreased from low 200℃ in about 50℃ more if not inserted. If Ta was a buffer layer, the experiment results along material of buffer layer, the Hex obtained the largest 127 Oe. And if Pd was a buffer layer, Hex obtained the largest 169 Oe. Also, the Hc in buffer layer of Ta and Pd obtained the largest 203 Oe and 453 Oe, respectively.
영가철/바이오 복합처리제를 이용한 질산성 질소 오염 지하수의 현장 지중정화 적용성 평가
주완호 ( Wan-ho Joo ),장윤영 ( Yoon-young Chang ) 한국환경영향평가학회 2021 환경영향평가 Vol.30 No.1
본 연구에서는 예산군에 위치한 질산성 질소 오염 지하수 부지를 대상으로 오염지하수의 지중정화 현장 적용성 평가를 수행하고자, 영가철/바이오 환경정화소재를 이용한 Injected PRB(Permeable Reactive Barrier)와 관측정을 현장 오염지하수부지에 적용하고 주요 정화지표에 대한 변화를 모니터링하였다. 질산성질소, 아질산성질소, 암모니아성질소, 철 이온, TOC, 탁도 등의 항목 등을 조사하고 미생물 분석을 실시하여 지중정화기술의 현장 적용성을 평가하였다. 연구대상 부지는 농경지역으로 북쪽 경계는 하천이 서쪽에서 동쪽으로 흐르며 하천 경계를 형성하고 남쪽은 불투수 경계로 이루어져 있다. 질산성질소는 전반적으로 지하수 흐름과 유사하게 하천으로 흐르는 것으로 분석되었다. 모델링 결과, 약 3년에서 5년 정도 경과 후 안정 상태로 도달하는 것으로 판단되었다. 이는 추가적인 오염원 유입이 없는 현재 상태만 고려한 것으로 지속적 오염이 유입된다면 오염범위 및 안정화 기간이 증가할 수 있다. 모니터링 결과, PRB 설치 전, 후 철 이온, TOC, 탁도 값이 큰 차이를 보이지 않아 PRB의 음용수 관정 영향은 없는 것으로 판단되어 해당 지중정화기술의 지중 주입 적합성을 확인하였다. 질산성질소는 PRB 설치 42일 차까지 5 mg/L 보다 낮은 농도가 유지되었으나 84일 차부터 PRB 내부의 질산성질소 제거 유효 기간이 끝나 원래의 농도를 회복하였다. PRB 설치 후 아질산성 질소와 암모니아성 질소의 검출은 PRB에 의한 질산성 질소의 환원에 의한 감소를 보여주었으며, 미생물 분석 결과 종 다양성이 증가하고 탈질 미생물을 포함하고 있는 Betaproteobacteria Class 군집이 크게 증가한 결과는 질산성 질소가 생물학적 환원작용에 의한 정화 가능성도 보여주었다. In this study, the assessment of field applicability of in-situ remediation of nitrate-contaminated groundwater located in Yesan-gun was performed. Zero-valent iron/bio composite media injected PRB (Permeable Reactive Barrier) and monitoring well were installed in the contaminated groundwater site and monitored main remediation indicators during the PRB operation. Nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, Fe ion, TOC, and turbidity were analyzed and the diversity and population of microorganism in the PRB installed site were investigated for the verification of effect of injected PRB. In the study site where is an agricultural area, a river flows from west to east that forms a river boundary and the southern area has an impermeable sector. It was found that nitrate flows into the river, which is similar as groundwater flow. Simulation result for the fate of nitrate in groundwater showed steady state of nitrate arrived after 3~5 years passed. However, it is just to consider current conditions with no additional input of contaminant source, if additional input of contaminant source occurs contamination dispersion and time for steady state are expected to be increased. The monitoring results showed that Fe ion, TOC and turbidity in groundwater were not clearly changed in concentration after PRB installation, which indicates adaptability of the injected PRB for remediation of groundwater with no additional harmful effect to water quality. The concentration of nitrate maintained less than 5mg/L until 42 days after PRB installation and recovered its initial concentration after 84 days passed and showed termination of reactivity of injected zero-valent iron/bio composite media for removal nitrate. Nitrite and ammonia ions found after installation of PRB indicates reductive removal of nitrate. And the outstanding increase of microorganism diversity and population of Betaproteobacteria Class which includes denitrification microorganism explains biologically reductive removal of nitrate in injected PRB.
Kim, Joo-Wan,Kim, Tae-Wan,Chae, Ho-Jeong,Kim, Chul-Ung,Kim, Jeong-Rang,Jeong, Soon-Yong American Scientific Publishers 2017 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.17 No.6
<P>Spherical silicas with mesopore (6 nm) supported tantalum oxide samples (Ta/SMS) were prepared with the impregnation method using different Ta loading amounts for the production of 1,3-butadiene (BD) from ethanol and acetaldehyde (ethanol to BD, ETB). To obtain the optimum Ta loading amount, the Ta/SMS catalysts were first tested in a fixed-bed reactor. The characteristics of the Ta/SMS catalyst was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, and N-2 physisorption analysis. Before testing the catalyst in a hot-bed circulating fluidized bed (CFB) reactor, the mechanical strength and hydrodynamic properties of the Ta/SMS catalyst were examined by using the attrition test and a cold-bed CFB reactor, respectively. The catalytic results in the hot-bed CFB reactor revealed that the Ta/SMS catalyst had a different catalytic performance for production BD, which could be attribution to the feed concentration and circulation rate of catalyst. The hot-bed CFB test for ETB with the Ta/SMS catalyst was stably operated for 140 h, and an average conversion of 56.7% and BD selectivity of 70.5% were obtained.</P>