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Yuichiro Sakamoto,Satoshi Inoue,Takashi Iwamura,Tomoko Yamashita,Atsushi Nakashima,Yoichi Nishimura,Hiroyuki Koami,Hisashi Imahase,Akiko Goto,Kosuke Chris Yamada,Kunihiro Mashiko,Hiroyuki Yokota 연세대학교의과대학 2013 Yonsei medical journal Vol.54 No.3
Purpose: Few reports have been made on the therapeutic effects as well as pathological features of an antithrombin preparation in patients diagnosed with septic disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) by the diagnostic criteria for acute DIC. Materials and Methods: A total of 88 sepsis patients who had received inpatient hospital care during the period from January 2000 through December 2008 were divided into two groups, an antithrombin group and a non-antithrombin group, to study the outcomes. Furthermore, the relationship between sepsis-related factors and DIC in 44 patients was studied. Results: The antithrombin group contained 34 patients, and the non-antithrombin group contained 54 patients. The outcomes were significantly better in the antithrombin group. The levels of protein C were low in DIC patients. Conclusion: Our results suggest that early administration of antithrombin might improve outcomes of septic DIC patients in the diagnostic criteria for Japanese Association for Acute Medicine acute DIC.
( Hiroyuki Mutoh ),( Miho Sashikawa ),( Hirotsugu Sakamoto ),( Tomoko Tateno ) 대한소화기학회 2014 Gut and Liver Vol.8 No.5
Background/Aims: Doublecortin and CaM kinase-like-1 (DCAMKL1) is a marker of stem cells expressed predominantly in the crypt base in the intestine. However, DCAMKL1- positive cells have been shown to be differentiated tuft cells rather than quiescent progenitors. Tuft cells are the only epithelial cells that express cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) in the normal intestinal epithelium. We previously generated Cdx2- transgenic mice as model mice for intestinal metaplasia and gastric carcinoma. In the current study, we investigated the association between COX-2 and DCAMKL1 in gastric carcinoma. Methods: We examined the association between COX- 2 and DCAMKL1 expression in gastric carcinomas in clinical samples (early gastric well-differentiated adenocarcinoma) and Cdx2-transgenic mice; and the DCAMKL1-transgenic mouse stomach using immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: The COX- 2-expressing cells were scattered, not diffusely expressed, in gastric carcinomas from humans and Cdx2-transgenic mice. DCAMKL1-positive cells were also scattered in the gastric carcinomas, indicating that tuft cells could still be present in gastric carcinoma. COX-2 was expressed in DCAMKL1- positive tuft cells in Cdx2- and DCAMKL1-transgenic mouse stomachs, whereas the Sox9 transcription factor was ubiquitously expressed in gastric carcinomas, including COX-2- positive cells. Conclusions: COX-2 is expressed in DCAMKL1- expressing quiescent tuft cells in gastric carcinoma. (Gut Liver 2014;8:508-518)
Hiroyuki Mano,Masaki Sakamoto 한국생태학회 2013 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.36 No.4
To examine the density effect and food concentration in the competitive output of two Bosmina species, the population growths of Bosmina fatalis were investigated by manipulating the density of B. longirostris and the concentration of algae. The B. fatalis density did not increase in conditions with abundant B. longirostris regardless of the food concentrations. The B. fatalis increased only at low densities of B. longirostris with high food concentrations. Based on the current results,a possible mechanism underlying the seasonal shift from B. longirostris to B. fatalis in Japanese eutrophic lakes will be explored below.
Mano, Hiroyuki,Sakamoto, Masaki The Ecological Society of Korea 2013 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.36 No.4
To examine the density effect and food concentration in the competitive output of two Bosmina species, the population growths of Bosmina fatalis were investigated by manipulating the density of B. longirostris and the concentration of algae. The B. fatalis density did not increase in conditions with abundant B. longirostris regardless of the food concentrations. The B. fatalis increased only at low densities of B. longirostris with high food concentrations. Based on the current results, a possible mechanism underlying the seasonal shift from B. longirostris to B. fatalis in Japanese eutrophic lakes will be explored below.
Usefulness of the Endotoxin Activity Assay to Evaluate the Degree of Lung Injury
Yuichiro Sakamoto,Satoshi Inoue,Takashi Iwamura,Tomoko Yamashita,Atsushi Nakashima,Hiroyuki Koami,Toru Miike,Mayuko Yahata,Hisashi Imahase,Akiko Goto,Showgo Narumi,Miho Ohta,Chris-Kosuke Yamada 연세대학교의과대학 2014 Yonsei medical journal Vol.55 No.4
Purpose: It has been reported that the Pulse Contour Cardiac Output (PiCCO) is very useful mainly in the field of intensive care and treatment to grasp the pathophysiologicalconditions of pulmonary edema because of its capability of obtainingdata such as Pulmonary Vascular Permeability Index (PVPI) and Extra VascularLung Water (EVLW). Furthermore, a high degree of usability of various markers has been reported for better understanding of the pathological conditions in cases with septicemia. Materials and Methods: The correlation between the cardiorespiratory status based upon the PiCCO monitor (EVLW and PVPI) and inflammatorymarkers including C reactive protein, procalcitonin (PC), and EndotoxinActivity Assay (EAA) were evaluated in 11 severe cases that required treatmentwith a respirator in an intensive care unit. Results: The EAA values were significantly higher in patients with abnormal EVLW at 0.46±0.20 compared to the normal EVLW group at 0.21±0.19 (p=0.0064). In a similar fashion, patients with abnormal PVPI values tended to have higher PC levels at 18.9±21.8 comparedto normal PVPI cases at 2.4±2.2 (p=0.0676). On the other hand, PVPI was significantly higher in the abnormal EAA group at 3.55±0.48 in comparison with the normal EAA group at 1.99±0.68 (p=0.0029). The abnormal EAA group tended to have higher PVPI values than the normal EAA group. Conclusion: The EAA is a measurement method designed to estimate the activity of endotoxins in the whole blood. Our results suggest that the EAA value, which had the greatest correlationwith lung disorders diagnosed by the PiCCO monitoring, reflects inflammatoryreactions predominantly in the lungs.
( Hirotsugu Sakamoto ),( Hiroyuki Mutoh ),( Yoshimasa Miura ),( Miho Sashikawa ),( Hironori Yamamoto ),( Kentaro Sugano ) The Editorial Office of Gut and Liver 2013 Gut and Liver Vol.7 No.5
Background/Aims: SOX9 is a marker for stem cells in the intestine, and overexpression of SOX9 is found in gastric and colon cancer; however, the expression of SOX9 in non-ampullary duodenal adenoma and adenocarcinoma has not yet been evaluated. This study aimed to investigate SOX9 expression in nonampullary duodenal adenoma and adenocarcinoma by immunohistochemistry. Methods: We evaluated SOX9 expression in 43 clinical samples (nonam-pullary duodenal adenoma in 22 lesions and nonampullary duodenal adenocarcinoma in 21 lesions) resected under endoscopic mucosal resection or endoscopic submucosal dissection. Results: SOX9 was expressed in part of the base of the normal duodenal mucosa surrounding adenomas and adenocarcinomas. In contrast, SOX9-positive cells were found in more than half of the crypts from the bottom part of the crypt in all of the 43 samples. Moreover, in 15 adenoma samples (68.2%) and 19 carcinoma samples (90.5%), SOX9 was expressed in more than three-quarters of the crypts from the bottom part of the crypt. Conclusions: SOX9 is over-expressed in nonampullary duodenal adenoma and adeno-carcinoma in humans. (Gut Liver 2013;7:513-518)
( Hirotsugu Sakamoto ),( Takashi Asahara ),( Osamu Chonan ),( Norikatsu Yuki ),( Hiroyuki Mutoh ),( Shunji Hayashi ),( Hironori Yamamoto ),( Kentaro Sugano ) 대한장연구학회 2015 Intestinal Research Vol.13 No.1
Background/Aims: Caudal-related homeobox 2 (Cdx2) is expressed in the human intestinal metaplastic mucosa and induces intestinal metaplastic mucosa in the Cdx2 transgenic mouse stomach. Atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia commonly lead to gastric achlorhydria, which predisposes the stomach to bacterial overgrowth. In the present study, we determined the differences in gut microbiota between normal and Cdx2 transgenic mice, using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Methods: Twelve normal (control) and 12 Cdx2 transgenic mice were sacrificed, and the gastric, jejunal, ileac, cecal and colonic mucosa, and feces were collected. To quantitate bacterial microbiota, we used real-time qRT-PCR with 16S rRNA gene-targeted, species-specific primers. Results: The total numbers of bacteria in the gastric, jejunal, ileac, cecal, and colonic mucosa of the Cdx2 transgenic mice were significantly higher than those of the normal mice. The Bacteroi-des fragilis group and also Prevotella were not detected in the stomach of the normal mice, although they were detected in the Cdx2 transgenic mice. Moreover, the Clostridium coccoides group, Clostridium leptum subgroup, Bacteroides fragilis group, and Prevotella were not detected in the jejunum or ileum of the normal mice, although they were detected in the Cdx2 transgenic mice. The fecal microbiota of the normal mice was similar to that of the Cdx2 transgenic mice. Conclusions: Our results showed the differences in composition of gut microbiota between normal and Cdx2 transgenic mice, which may be caused by the development of gastric achlorhydria and intestinal metaplasia in Cdx2 transgenic mice. (Intest Res 2015;13:39-49)
Yuichiro Sakamoto,Kunihiro Mashiko,Nobuyuki Saito,Hisashi Matsumoto,Yoshiaki Hara,Noriyoshi Kutsukata,Hiroyuki Yokota 연세대학교의과대학 2010 Yonsei medical journal Vol.51 No.3
Purpose: Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) has a variety of pharmacologic effects,including natriuresis, diuresis, vasodilatation, and suppression of the reninangiotensin system. A recent study showed that ANP infusion improved hypoxemia and pulmonary hypertension in a lung injury model. On the other hand, the pulse contour cardiac output (PiCCOTM) system (Pulsion Medical Systems, Munich, Germany) allows monitoring of the intravascular volume status and may be used to guide volume therapy in severe sepsis and critically ill patients. Materials and Methods: We treated 10 pulmonary edema patients without heart disease with human ANP (HANP). The patients were divided into two groups: a group with normal Intrathoracic Blood Volume (ITBV) (900-1100mL/m2) (n = 6), and a group with abnormal ITBV (n = 4), as measured by the PiCCOTM device; the extravascular lung water (EVLW) and pulmonary vascular permeability index (PVPI) in the two groups were compared. Results: The average patient age was 63.9 ± 14.4 years. The normal ITBV group showed significant improvement of the EVLW (before, 16.7 ± 2.7 mL/kg; after, 10.5 ± 3.6mL/kg; p = 0.0020) and PVPI (before, 3.2 ± 0.3; after, 2.1 ± 0.7; p = 0.0214) after the treatment. The abnormal ITBV group showed no significant improvement of either the EVLW (before, 16.3 ± 8.9 mL/kg; after, 18.8 ± 9.6 mL/kg; p = 0.8387)or PVPI (before, 2.3 ± 0.8; after, 2.7 ± 1.3; p = 0.2782) after the treatment. In both groups, the EVLW and PVPI were strongly correlated with the chest X-ray findings. Conclusion: We conclude that HANP supplementation may improve the EVLW and PVPI in pulmonary edema patients without heart disease with a normal ITBV. The PiCCOTM system seems to be a useful device for the management of pulmonary edema.