A NOTE ON PRIMITIVE SUBGROUPS OF FINITE SOLVABLE GROUPS

He, Xuanli,Qiao, Shouhong,Wang, Yanming Korean Mathematical Society 2013 대한수학회논문집 Vol.28 No.1

In [5], Johnson introduced the primitivity of subgroups and proved that a finite group G is supersolvable if every primitive subgroup of G has a prime power index in G. In that paper, he also posed an interesting problem: what a group looks like if all of its primitive subgroups are maximal. In this note, we give the detail structure of such groups in solvable case. Finally, we use the primitivity of some subgroups to characterize T-group and the solvable $PST_0$-groups.

The effects of substrate temperatures on the electrical properties of CaZrO3 thin films prepared by RF magnetron sputtering

Qiao He,Yi Zhang,Xiaoyang Chen,Zhi Wang,Hang Ji,Mingjian Ding,Bin Xie,Ping Yu 한국물리학회 2020 Current Applied Physics Vol.20 No.4

The radio frequency magnetron sputtering technology (RFMS) was employed to deposit perovskite structure orthogonal phase CaZrO3 thin films on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates. The effects of substrate temperatures on structure and electrical properties of these films were investigated in detail. The CaZrO3 thin films were systematically characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Multifrequency LCR meter (HP4294A) and Radiant Precision Workstation to study the phase structure, cross-section morphology, dielectric and ferroelectric properties at different substrate temperatures. The result indicates that these films can withstand 80 V DC Bias voltage and have excellent stability of frequency, voltage and temperature. The CaZrO3 thin film prepared at 550 °C turned out to be mainly orthorhombic CaZrO3 phase with high permittivity, low dielectric loss, extremely low leakage current (at 1 MHz, the dielectric constant is 39.42, the dielectric loss is 0.00455, the quality factor is 220 and the leakage current density is 9.11 × 10−7A/cm2 at 80 V applied voltage.). This work demonstrates that higher substrate temperature can boost the formation of orthorhombic CaZrO3 phase and the CaZrO3 thin film prepared by RF magnetron sputtering is a very promising paraelectric material in the application of thin film capacitor.

안드로이드 기반 SMS 관리 애플리케이션 설계 및 구현

하교(He Qiao),박흥복(Hung-Bog Park) 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2014 한국컴퓨터정보학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.22 No.1

현대 사회에서는 휴대 전화 때문에 신속하고 효율적이 된다. 사람은 휴대 전화를 이용해서 서로 통신할 수 있다. 그리고 안드로이드가 빠르게 발전하고 다양한 지능 전자 상품에서 사용하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 구글 안드로이드 플랫폼기반으로 스마트폰의 SMS 관리 응용 애플리케이션을 설계 및 구현하였으면 기본 메시징 기능뿐만 아니라 블랙리스트 및 모바일 그룹 채팅 기능을 포함하고 있다. 그룹 채팅 기능은 네트워크 환경을 기반으로 설정될 수 있다. 모바일 네트워크가 켜져있을 때, 네트워크 트래픽그룹 채팅을 사용할 수 있고 모바일 네트워크가 꺼져있을 때, SMS 기능 그룹 채팅을 사용할 수 있다.

D-RADA16-RGD-Reinforced Nano-Hydroxyapatite/Polyamide 66 Ternary Biomaterial for Bone Formation

Bo Qiao,Bin He,Ao Zhou,Yuling Li,Xiaojun Chen,Qiming Yang,Beike Chen,Bo Qiao,Dianming Jiang 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2019 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.16 No.2

BACKGROUND: Nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 (nHA/PA66) is a composite used widely in the repair of bone defects. However, this material is insufficient bioactivity. In contrast, D-RADA16-RGD self-assembling peptide (DRADA16- RGD sequence containing all D-amino acids is Ac-RADARADARADARADARGDS-CONH2) shows admirable bioactivity for both cell culture and bone regeneration. Here, we describe the fabrication of a favorable biomaterial material (nHA/PA66/D-RADA16-RGD). METHODS: Proteinase K and circular dichroism spectroscopy were employed to test the stability and secondary structural properties of peptide D-RADA16-RGD respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the surface of these materials. Confocal laser scanning (CLS), cell counting kit-8 tests (CCK-8), alizarin red S staining, cell immunofluorescence analysis and Western blotting were involved in vitro. Also biosafety and bioactivity of them have been evaluated in vivo. RESULTS: Proteinase K and circular dichroism spectroscopy demonstrated that D-RADA16-RGD in nHA/PA66 was able to form stable-sheet secondary structure. SEM and TEM showed that the D-RADA16-RGD material was 7–33 nm in width and 130–600 nm in length, and the interwoven pore size ranged from 40 to 200 nm. CLS suggests that cells in nHA/PA66/ D-RADA16-RGD group were linked to adjacent cells with more actin filaments. CCK-8 analysis showed that nHA/PA66/ D-RADA16-RGD revealed good biocompatibility. The results of Alizarin-red S staining and Western blotting as well as vivo osteogenesis suggest nHA/PA66/D-RADA16-RGD exhibits better bioactivity. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that our nHA/PA66/D-RADA16-RGD composite exhibits reasonable mechanical properties, biocompatibility and bioactivity with promotion of bone formation.

중국과 일대일로 연선국가 간 주가수익률 전이효과 분석

교하(He Qiao),최태영(Tae-Yeong Choi) 글로벌융합연구학회 2022 글로벌융합연구학회지 Vol.1 No.2

본 논문의 연구목적은 중국과 일대일로 10개 연선국가 간 주가수익률의 전이효과를 분석하는 데 었다. 이를 위해 Diebold & Yilmaz가 제시한 전이지수{spillover index)를 사용하였다. 실증분석 결과를 종합해보면, 첫째 중국 주가수익률 예측오차분산의 60%는 자체충격에 의해 설명되었다. 연선국가 중에서 러시아, 싱가포르, 인도네시아 주가수익률 예산오차분산에 의해 설명되는 비중은 각각 3.6%, 8.6%, 5.5%로 밝혀졌다. 둘째, 총전이지수는 57.7로 나타났는데, 이는 일국의 주가수익률 예측오차분산의 57.7%가 타국 주가수익률의 충격으로 설명될 수 있음을 의미한다. 셋째, 표본이동분석(rolling sample analysis)을 이용한 총전이효과 시간가변성 분석결과에 의하면, 총전이지수와 중국 SSEC 지수는 일대일로 시행(2013년) 이전에는 약한 정(+)의 관계를 일대일로 시행 이후에는 평균적인 부{-)의 관계를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 일대일로 시행 이후에 지역 간 연관성 또는 파급효과가 강화되었고, 중국 시장과 타국 시장과의 동조화 현상은 심화되고 있음을 보여준다. The purpose of this study is to analyze the spillover effect of stock returns between China and 10 countries along the One Belt One Road. To this end, the spillover index suggested by Diebold & Yilmaz (2012) was used. Summarizing the results of the empirical analysis, first, 60% of the variance in forecasting errors in stock returns in China was explained by self-impact. Among the countries along the line, the share explained by the budget error variance of stock returns in Russia, Singapore, and Indonesia was found to be 3.6%, 8.6%, and 5.5%, respectively. Second, the total spillover index was 57.7, which means that 57.7% of the prediction error variance of stock returns in one country can be explained by the impact of stock returns in other countries. Third, according to the results of the total spillover effect time variability analysis using rolling sample analysis, the total spillover index and the Chinese SSEC index had a weak positive (+) relationship before the One Belt One Road implementation (2013). After implementation, it was found to have an average negative (-) relationship. This shows that inter-regional connections or ripple effects have been strengthened since the implementation of the One Belt One Road and the synchrony between the Chinese market and other markets is deepening.

외재적 인지부하 이론에 기반한 디자인 전략 연구 : 학습 콘텐츠의 학습 효율성을 중심으로

장초학(Zhang, Qiao He),양재범(Yang, Jae Bum) 한국디자인리서치학회 2020 한국디자인리서치 Vol.5 No.4

포스트 코로나(POST-COVID-19) 시대에서는 대면 수업방식이 비대면 수업으로 전환되면서 학습자와 교사, 학습자와 학습자 간의 학습 교류가 감소하였으며, 이로 인해 학습자들이 집에서 독학하는 현상이 갈수록 보편화되고 있다. 이에 따라 디자인 전략을 통해 학습의 학습 효율을 향상시키는 연구가 중요해졌으며, 본 연구에서는 이러한 상황에 기초해 연구하였다. 본 논문에서는 학습 콘텐츠를 전통적인 형식의 학습 콘텐츠와 디자인 전략 형식의 학습 콘텐츠로 구분하였으며, 두 팀의 실험 대상자들에게 서로 다른 2가지 유형의 학습 콘텐츠를 무작위로 나눠 실험하였다. 그리하여 두 팀의 실험 차이를 비교해 본 연구에서의 디자인 전략에 대한 실행 가능성과 적용성을 분석하였다. 본 논문에서는 주로 학습 콘텐츠의 시각적 디자인 전략을 연구 대상으로 하였으며, 외재적 인자부하 이론에 기반하여 사용자의 경험 모델, 지식 시각화의 디자인 원칙 및 구체적인 디자인 방법 등을 결합해 학습의 효율성을 향상시키는 시각적 디자인 전략을 개발하였다. 이에 따라 본 논문에서는 공간 능력을 학습 효율에 영향을 미치는 변수로 삼아 그 변수 간의 관계를 고찰하였으며, SPSS 20.0 소프트웨어를 이용해 디자인 전략의 실행 가능성에 대한 2단계의 실험 논증을 진행하였다. 1단계의 실험은 학생들이 디자인 전략형 학습 콘텐츠를 읽고 설문지를 작성하도록 하였으며, 디자인 전략이 사용자들의 열독에 미치는 영향을 검사하였다. 2단계 실험은 유형별 학습 콘텐츠를 비교해 디자인 전략이 인식과 기억(학습 효율)에 미치는 영향을 검사하였다. 본 논문의 연구 결론: 첫째, 본 연구의 디자인 전략을 통해 학생들의 학습 콘텐츠에 대한 열독 경험을 개선시켰으며, 둘째는 디자인 전략을 통해 학생들의 학습 효율을 향상시켰다. 셋째는 공간능력이 뛰어난 학생이 디자인 전략형 학습 콘텐츠를 사용할 때, 그 학습효과가 더욱 컸으며, 실험 분석을 통해 학습 콘텐츠의 시각적 디자인에서 디자인 전략을 사용하면 학습 효율을 향상시킬 수 있었다. 이와 동시에 본 논문에서는 학생들이 일상적인 학습과정에서 공간적인 훈련을 강화해 학습 효율성을 향상시킬 것을 제안하며, 본 논문에서는 인지부하 이론과 시각적 디자인을 결합해 학습 콘텐츠 디자인의 새로운 방향을 제시하였다. In the era of Post-COVID-19, the Face-to-Face teaching mode has changed to Non-Face-to-Face teaching, with less learning communication between students and teachers and between students. It is increasingly common for students to teach themselves at home. In the case of Self-study , the study of improving learning efficiency through designing strategies becomes very important. This study is based on this situation. The research method of this paper is to divide the learning content into Traditional Learning Content and design strategy learning content . At the same time, 2 groups of different types of learning content were randomly distributed to 2 groups of experimental subjects for experiment. The feasibility and applicability of the design strategy in this study were analyzed through the differences between the two groups of experiments. It mainly takes the visual design strategy of Learning Content as the research object. Based on external cognitive load theory, this paper develops a visual design strategy to improve learning efficiency by combining user experience model, design principles of knowledge visualization, and specific design methods. In this paper, spatial ability is added as an influence variable of learning efficiency to investigate the relationship between variables. In this study, SPSS20.0 software was used to demonstrate the feasibility of design strategies in two stages. In the first stage, students were asked to read design strategy learning content and fill in a questionnaire to test the impact of design strategies on users reading experience. The second phase of the experiment: compare different types of Learning Content experiments to examine the impact of design strategies on cognition and memory (Learning Efficiency). Conclusions of this study: First, the design strategy of this study improved students reading experience of learning content. Second, designing strategies can improve students learning efficiency. Thirdly, students with strong spatial ability have better learning effect when they use Design Strategy-based Learning Content . Through experimental analysis, in the visual design of learning content, the use of design strategies can improve learning efficiency. At the same time, it is suggested that students strengthen the training of sense of space in the daily learning process to assist the improvement of learning efficiency. This paper combines cognitive load theory with visual design, providing a new direction for learning content design.

Post-COVID19 시대의 내재적 인지부하 이론을 기반한 디자인 전략 연구 -학습 콘텐츠의 학습 효율성 중심으로-

장초학(Zhang, Qiao He),양재범(Yang, Jae Bum) 한국디자인문화학회 2020 한국디자인문화학회지 Vol.26 No.4

COVID-19의 영향으로 인해, 현재 학교에서는 “대면” 수업을 할 수 없으며, 일반적으로 “비대면” 온라인 수업으로 학습을 진행한다. “비대면” 온라인 수업에서는, 학생과 교사 간, 학생과 학생 간의 상호 커뮤니케이션이 줄어들고, 학습의 효율성이 떨어진다. 학생들의 수업 형태는 전통적인 수동적 학습에서 온라인 수업의 능동적 학습으로 변화되었다. 능동적인 학습 형태에서는, 학생이 주도적으로 수업 내용을 배우고 이해해야만 학습의 효율성을 높일 수 있다. 따라서 POST-COVID-19 시대에는 “학습 콘텐츠”의 인지 및 기억에 대한 연구가 특히 중요해졌다. 그리하여 본 연구의 목적은 내재적 인지부하 이론에 시각디자인 방식을 결합하여, 인지부하 디자인의 방법을 도출해 내는 것이다. 본 연구는 한국에 있는 중국유학생과 중국현지에 있는 대학생을 연구대상으로 선정하여 총 58개 실험 데이트를 수집하였다. 또한 연구 가설을 검증하기 위해 SPSS 20.0을 통해서 데이트를 분석하였다. 분석 결과에 따라 인지도와 기억의 정도를 통해 내부인지 부하 디자인 전략이 학습 효율에 영향을 미치는 평가한 것으로 내재적 인지 부하 디자인 전략은 학습효율을 향상시킬 수 있다는 것을 확인되었다. 그러므로 향후 학습 콘텐츠 디자인 방안으로 다음과 같이 제시한다. 첫째 내재적 인지부하 디자인 전략은 텍스트 디자인과 레이아웃 디자인으로 구성되어 있기 때문에 학습 콘텐트에 대해 디자인은 전략내용에 따라 디자인하는 것을 확인했다. 둘째, 학습 콘텐츠의 디자인에 있어서는 “교사 귀납”의 관점에서 디자인하는 것이다. 셋째, 내재적 인지 부하 디자인 전략은 고난이도 유형 학습 콘텐츠에 적합하고 디자인 관점에서 보는 내부적 인지 부하 디자인 전략은 학습 효율성을 제고할 수 있는 디자인 방법이라는 것을 확인했다. Due to the impact of COVID-19, currently schools are unable to teach “face-to-face”, and are generally taught as “non-face-to-face” online classes. In “nonface-to-face” online classes, communication between students and teachers and students and students is reduced, and communication efficiency is reduced. Students’ teaching style has changed from traditional passive learning to active learning in online classes. In the active form of learning, the efficiency of learning can be enhanced only when the student actively learns and understands the content of the class. Therefore, in the era of POST-COVID-19, research on cognition and memory of “learning content” has become particularly important. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to derive a method of cognitive load design by combining the visual design method with the implicit cognitive load theory. In this study, a total of 58 experimental dates were collected by selecting Chinese students in Korea and university students in China as subjects. In addition, data was analyzed through SPSS 20.0 to verify the research hypothesis. According to the analysis results, the internal cognitive load design strategy was evaluated through the degree of cognition and memory, and it was confirmed that the intrinsic cognitive load design strategy can improve the learning efficiency. Therefore, the following is suggested as a way to design future learning contents. First, since the intrinsic cognitive load design strategy is composed of text design and layout design, it was confirmed that the design for the learning content is designed according to the strategy content. Second, when it comes to designing learning contents, it is designed from the perspective of “teacher induction”. Third, it was confirmed that the intrinsic cognitive load design strategy is suitable for difficult learning contents, and the internal cognitive load design strategy from a design perspective is a design method that can improve learning efficiency.

Microvessel Density as a Prognostic Factor in Ovarian Cancer: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

He, Lei,Wang, Qiao,Zhao, Xia Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.3

Background: The prognostic value of microvessel density (MVD), reflecting angiogenesis, detected in ovarian cancer is currently controversial. Here we performed a meta-analysis of all relevant eligible studies. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive search of online PubMed, Medline, EMBASE and Sciencedirect was performed to identify all related articles. The search strategy was designed as 'microvessel density', 'ovarian cancer', 'ovarian neoplasm', 'CD34' and 'angiogenesis'. Results: The studies were categorized by author/year, number of patients, FIGO stage, histology, cutoff value for microvessel density, types of survival analysis, methods of hazard rations (HR) estimation, HR and its 95% confidence interval (CI). Combined hazard ratios suggested that high MVD was associated with poor overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), with HR and 95% CIs of 1.84 (1.33-2.35) and 1.36 (1.06-1.66), respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that high MVD detected by CD34 was relevant for OS [HR=1.67 (1.36-2.35)], but not MVD detected with other antibodies [HR=2.11 (0.90-3.31)]. Another subgroup analysis indicated that high MVD in patients without pre-chemotherapy, but not with pre-chemotherapy, was associated with OS [HR=1.88(1.59-2.18 and HR=1.70 (-0.18-3.59)]. Conclusions: The OS and PFS with high MVD were significant poorer than with low MVD in ovarian cancer patients. However, high MVD detected by CD34 seems to be more associated with survival for patients without pre-chemotherapy.

Enrichment of valuable elements from vanadium slag using superconducting HGMS technology

He, Sai,Yang, Chang-qiao,Li, Su-qin,Zhang, Chang-quan The Korea Institute of Applied Superconductivity a 2017 한국초전도저온공학회논문지 Vol.19 No.1

Vanadium slags is a kind of vanadiferous solid waste from steelmaking process. It not only occupies land, pollutes environment, but also leads to waste of resources. Based on the difference of magnetic susceptibility of different particles caused by their chemical and physical properties from vanadium slag, a new technology, superconducting high gradient magnetic separation was investigated for separation and extraction of valuable substances from vanadium slag. The magnetic concentrate was obtained under optimal parameters, i.e., a particle size -200 mesh, a magnetic flux density of 0.8 T, a slurry concentration of 5 g/L, an amount of steel wools of 25 g and a slurry flow velocity of 2 L/min. The content of $Fe_2O_3$ in concentrate could be increased from 39.6% to 55.0% and $V_2O_5$ from 2.5% to 4.0%, respectively. The recovery rate is up to 42.9%, and the vanadium slag has been effectively reused.

智慧城市建设对碳排放水平的影响

Qiao, Yanyun,He, Jingjing 성균관대학교 성균중국연구소 2023 중국사회과학논총 Vol.5 No.2

本文以中国评定智慧城市为例,运用渐进式双重差分模型实证研究智慧 城市建设对减少碳排放的影响。基准回归结果表明,“智慧城市”的试点具有显著 的碳排放控制效应,多种稳健性检验的结果也再次印证了本文的结论。动态分析表 明,智慧城市的碳排放控制效应具有较长的政策时滞,大约到第三年政策的生态效 应逐渐显现。中介效应模型表明,智慧城市通过促进城市技术创新和高新技术产业 集聚进而削弱城市碳排放水平。调节效应模型表明,政府的环境规制行为强化了智 慧城市的碳排放控制效应,经济逐步转向高质量发展尚未对城市碳排放起到调节作 用。空间杜宾模型表明智慧城市的碳排放控制效应具有空间溢出性。本文的研究对 发展中国家解决城市化与低碳发展之间的矛盾具有参考价值,对发展中国家如何实 现低碳发展、发达国家进一步降低碳排放量具有借鉴意义,对于应对全球气候危机 也具有重要的现实意义。