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Seed Germination, Seedling Growth and Antioxidant System Responses in Cucumber Exposed to Ca(NO3)2
Huaifu Fan,Ling Ding,Yanli Xu,Changxia Du 한국원예학회 2017 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.58 No.6
This study investigated the effects of varying calcium nitrate (Ca(NO3)2) supply on seed germination, seedlinggrowth, and antioxidant responses during cucumber seed germination. Five and 20 mM Ca(NO3)2 stimulated seedgermination, while 10 and 40 mM Ca(NO3)2 inhibited it. Germinating seed weight was clearly promoted by 5 mMCa(NO3)2, but decreased under 40 mM Ca(NO3)2. Ten or 20 mM Ca(NO3)2 caused no marked change. Addition of10 or 40 mM Ca(NO3)2 increased the activity of many enzymes in germinating seeds, such as superoxide dismutases(SOD), peroxidases (POD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), dehydroascorbatereductase (DHAR), and monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR). On the other hand, 5 and 20 mM Ca(NO3)2 markedlydecreased CAT activity. Among all the treatments, only 10 mM Ca(NO3)2 increased malondialdehyde content. Similarly,the production rate of O2.− was only higher in 20 mM Ca(NO3)2. Compared with the control (0 mM Ca(NO3)2), proteincontent significantly increased in all treatments except for 20 mM Ca(NO3)2. Calcium nitrate strongly inhibited thegrowth of seedlings, and damaged leaf and root microstructure. The inhibition and damage were more severe as theCa(NO3)2 concentration increased. Calcium nitrate promoted the accumulation of photosynthetic pigment, but led to adecrease in chlorophyll a/b. These results suggest that the effect of different Ca(NO3)2 levels on seed germinationwas variable, while the inhibition effect on seedling growth enhanced with increase of Ca(NO3)2 concentration. Thiseffect is closely associated with Ca2+ and NO3- concentration, antioxidant enzyme activity, and the different growthand development stages of cucumber.
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Huaifu Fan,Changxia Du,Yanli Xu,Xue Wu 한국원예학회 2014 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.55 No.3
The effects of exogenous sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a nitric oxide (NO) donor, on growth of Chinesecabbage seedlings and antioxidant enzyme activity in leaves were studied under chilling stress. The results showedthat the growth of Chinese cabbage seedlings was strongly inhibited when plants were exposed to chilling, whereasspraying SNP in shoots significantly alleviated the inhibition of growth from chilling stress. The plant height, rootlength, fresh and dry weight of chilling plants all increased. Chilling caused increases of membrane permeability andantioxidant enzymes activity with the exception of catalase after 8 days of treatment. Meanwhile, chilling also resultedin the decrease of chlorophyll content, accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein in leaves. Interestingly,application SNP further enhanced the antioxidant enzyme activities, the chlorophyll and protein content, on the contrary,reduced the member permeability and MDA content. Therefore, it was concluded that NO protected plants fromoxidative damage and promoted the growth by enhancing activity of antioxidant enzymes in leaves sufficiently tolower membrane injury. However, exogenous NO had no significant effects on seedling in normal conditions.
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Du Changxia,Chai Li’ang,Liu Chen,Yuyang Si,Fan Huaifu 한국식물생명공학회 2022 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.16 No.1
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) is one of the most important vegetable crop species in the world. As conventional breeding of cucumber is very challenging, genetic engineering is an alternative option for introducing important traits such as enhanced stress resistance and nutritional value. However, the efficiency of the transformation system depends on genotypes, transfor- mation conditions, etc. This study aims to optimize the transformation parameters of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of cucumber. ‘Xintaimici’, which is a very popular and typical northern Chinese cucumber variety, was transformed with Agrobacterium GV3101. The strain carried the pCAMBIA2300s plasmid, which is a binary vector containing the marker gene neomycin phosphotransferase II (npt II). The results indicated that cefotaxime sodium was suitable for inhibiting Agrobacterium in the screening and bud elongation stages. Timentin was best used during the rooting stage. Furthermore, 25 mg/L kanamycin was used in the early stage of screening and increased to 50 mg/L for further screening. At the bud elongation and rooting stages, 75 and 100 mg/L kanamycin was used, respectively, to improve the screening efficiency. To obtain the highest regeneration frequency of resistant buds, 50, 150, and 100 μM acetosyringone was added to the preculture medium, infection solution, and coculture medium, respectively. To confirm the presence of the transgenes, DNA from npt II transformed cucumber plants was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction after transplanting resistant regenerated plants. We ultimately achieved an 8.1% transformation efficiency, which is among the highest values reported to date using the cucumber variety ‘Xintaimici’. Thus, an effective protocol for Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated genetic transformation of cucumber was optimized.
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