http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
- 中文 을 입력하시려면 zhongwen을 입력하시고 space를누르시면됩니다.
- 北京 을 입력하시려면 beijing을 입력하시고 space를 누르시면 됩니다.
RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Fabian Roth (검색결과 2 건)
- 무료
- 기관 내 무료
- 유료
-
Price of Anarchy in Boston Road Network
윤혜진,정하웅,Fabian Roth,Marie-Helen Clutier,Matthew Silver,Peter Ittzes 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.48 No.II
We present an optimization problem of network flow in decentralized systems like data transportation, traffic, population, work flow, etc., where their latency cost functions are congestion-dependent. The flow pattern can be intentionally regulated by a global rule or may emerge by individual selfish strategies, depending on the type of system. The latter is known for settling at Nash equilibrium in a game-theory context, which mostly results in worse than a global optimum in optimization problems. This gap has been coined as “The price of anarchy”, representing the worst inefficiency of selfishness. Nevertheless, this price can be lowered, according to Braess’s paradox, by removal of edges in a given system that intend to reduce a global optimum, regardless of Nash equilibrium. Accordingly, this paper investigates tendencies of the price of anarchy in a real system, a simplified Boston road network, and our work suggests a potential application of new methods to optimize flow in a decentralized system, which is closer to reality in diverse systems.
-
THE ROLE OF COUNTRY-OF-ORIGIN IN ADVERTISING
Katharina Zeugner-Roth,Fabian Bartsch 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2018 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2018 No.07
Despite its undoubted academic relevance, country-of-origin (COO) research continuous to be criticized for its lack of practical relevance (Usunier 2006). However, extant research has mainly focused on consumers as potential users of COO information, whereas relatively little is known with respect to whether and when companies actively use COO as part of their marketing mix. This study looks at the usage of COO information in advertising by conducting a content analysis of all print ads published in three major magazines in France over the period of one year. A set of hypotheses is subsequently developed and tested that looks at differences with respect to a) COO usage versus non-usage, b) frequency of COO cues used, and c) product- or brand type differences in the usage of COO information. Results shows that roughly one third of all ads analyzed feature COO information in it. In contrast to some scholars (e.g., Samiee 2010; Usunier 2006), our results provide further evidence on the relevance of COO cues from a supply side perspective. An in-depth analysis of the frequency and usage of COO information in advertising largely confirms extant literature with respect to the importance of the construct for domestic brands, and products with a high ethnicity (Usunier and Cestre 2007), low involvement (Bloemer, Brijs, and Kasper 2009), and hedonic nature. At the same time, we do not find evidence that COO only matters in these situations, as was highlighted by some scholars in the field. Finally, with respect to the debate on which type of country is actually associated with COO, we confirm extant propositions that the majority of products on the market associate themselves with the country-of-brand (Magnusson, Westjohn, and Zdravkovic 2011). Overall, more than 80% of all brands emphasized the country of brand, sometimes in combination with a different country-ofmanufacture.
연관 검색어 추천
이 검색어로 많이 본 자료
활용도 높은 자료
