Bacillus sp. LJ-25가 생성하는 extracellular chitinase의 정제 및 특성

주동식,조덕제,이정석,조만기,이응호 동서대학교부설연구소 1997 연구소 논문집 Vol.2 No.-

The extracellular chitinase from Bacillus sp. LJ-25 was pruified Sephadex G-100 gel filtration, DEAE-Cellulose and CM-Spephadex C25 column chromatography. The pruified chitinase showed a single band on disc and SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and the molecular weight was estimated to be about 50KDa. The Optimum pH and temperature for the activity of the purified extracellular chitinase were 7.5 and 35℃, respectively. The activity of chitinase was strongly inhibited by metal ions such as Zn²+, Ba²+, Co²+, Mn²+ and Cu²+. The purified chitinase did not hydrolyze N,N??-diacetylchitobiose, N,N, N'-triacetylchitotriose and p-nitrophenol-N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminide, which are known to be the substrates of exo-type chitinase. The products in hydolysis of colloidal chitin with the chitinase were N-acetylglucosamine, N,N'-diacetylchitobiose and N,N,N'-triacetylchitotriose.

혼성경기선수의 선행종목이 경기력에 미치는 영향

김응식,안재오 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.6

The purpose of this study was a comparative analysis of the winning points in different sporting events of mixture athletes and found out how the preceding items experienced by them influenced competitive performance. The results are used as basic data for the selection of mixture athlete and improvement of their competitive performance. For the study, performance of 49 players(man-29. women-30) who won over 5500 - 3600 points in total were sampled from Athletic Sports Records from 1999 to 2002 published by the Korea Athletics Federation. Through research from the book, we could obtain the following results : averaging, correlative analysis, multi-regression analysis and covariance analysis. 1) It showed that for Korean mixture athletes, competitive performance in Short Distance was relatively stronger compared with that of jumping and throwing, but the competitive performance of throwing needing specialty technique is relatively very low. 2) It showed that an individual item that had a greatest influence on the competitive performance of the Korean Mixture athletes was discus throwing, height, and weight, each, but stature and weight did not influence on the competitive performance. 3) Items that have a significant difference of competitive performance according to preceding athletic items performance were 110mH, long jump, pole vault and discus throwing for the man, but the woman was high jump. 4) For Decathlon event, a good record was found when a preceding item was jump. And a good record was found when a preceeding item was the mixture in Heptathlon

산업공단에서의 초기강우 유출수 오염물질 특성 및 처리

신응배,윤현식,김연권,김범수 漢陽大學校 環境工學硏究所 1998 環境科學論文集 Vol.19 No.-

강우시 발생하는 우수유출수에는 초기세척효과(first-flush-effect)로 BOD, SS를 비롯한 고농도의 다양한 오염물질이 함유되어 있으며, 방류선 수체로 유입되어 주변수체의 수질에 많은 악영향을 미치게 된다. 전세계적으로 이에 대한 많은 연구와 조사가 진행중에 있으며, EPA의 조사자료에 따르면 방류선 수체의 수질오염 문제 중 약 30%가 강우유출수로부터 기인하는 것으로 추정한바도 있다. 본 연구에서는 수도권에 인접해 위치하고 있는 S산업공단을 대상으로, 강우시 공단내에서 발생하는 우수유출수에 대해 유량변화 및 수질분석을 수행하였다. S공단은 석유·화학, 기계·금속업 등이 주종을 이루고 있고 분류식하수 배제방식을 채택하고 있어, 공단내 발생되는 우수유출수는 전량 지천으로 배출되고 있다. 시료채취는 공단을 배수구역별 5개 구역으로 구획 후, 해당 배수구역에 대하여 고정모니터링 방법을 적용하여 강우유출수의 수질을 분석·평가하였다. S산업공단에서 발생되는 우수유출수에는 BOD, COD, SS, TN, d-Fe, Zn, Cu 등의 다양한 종류의 오염물질이 검출되었다. 특히, 석유·화학산업, 식품산업, 일반폐기물 야적장 등에서는 BOD, COD, SS, TN등의 일반오염물질 항목들이, 기계·금속산업, 고철 야적장 지역에서는 중금속 항목의 오염물이 고농도로 측정되었다. During the early stages of a storm, significantly higher BOD, SS and other pollutants loadings may occur. This temporary increase is the result of the so -called "first-flush-effect". First flush runoff in the storm is a typical nonpoint source of polluting adjacent water bodies by overflowing pollutants accumulated in street surface from domestic, commerical and industrial area. The quality of storm water runoff is a major concern in the world. In the National Water Quality Inventory, 1990 Report to Congress, states estimated that ∼30% of identified case of water quality impairment are attributable to storm water discharges. (U.S. EPA 1992) In this study, "S" industrial complex located near Seoul metropolitan was investigated to evaluate characteristics of storm water runoff from industrial complex. Major industries of 'S' area were petroleum-chemical industry, metal-mechanical industry, etc. Also, storm water runoff was directly discharged to small artificial channel through storm sewer lines of separated sewer system in 'S' industrial complex. The concentration of several items such as BOD, COD, SS, TN, d-fe, Zn, Cu were founded in storm water runoff from the 'S' industrial complex catchment. Especially, petroleum-chemical industry, food industry, junkyard were exposed to high rate concentration of convention of conventional pollutants, such as BOD, COD, SS, TN, in first flush runoff samples. Higher levels of heavy metals were found at metal-mechanical industry, metal storage on site.

대구지역 범죄발생 실태 및 추이와 치안대책

이성식,최응렬 계명대학교 사회과학연구소 2000 한국사회과학연구 Vol.19 No.1

Spiroxazine유도체의 분자 광스위칭을 이용한 능동형 평판 광도파로 자외선센서

옥경식,김시홍,김성훈,김응수,고광락,강신원 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1998 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.9 No.1

UV Sensor is widely used for various fields with the study on UV detector and UV related researches. Also due to the recent increasing of UV radiation by ozone depletion enforces the development of techniques on efficient UV detection. Thus, in our study, we proposed novel UV sensor using photochromic molecular device that has good UV sensitivity and easiness to manufacturing, and low cost. Furthermore, this molecular device is useful for the construction of a thin film active waveguide type device that has excellent sensitivity and feasibility to miniaturization.

濟州觀光開發과 民資誘致 促進戰略摸索

金應植 濟州大學校 社會發展硏究所 1989 社會發展硏究 Vol.5 No.-

태권도 수련 프로그램 적용에 따른 정신력 효과

김응식,윤오남,선석령,구희성 朝鮮大學校 스포츠科學硏究所 2003 스포츠科學硏究 Vol.14 No.-

This study had a purpose to define an effect of mental strength according to the application of Taekwondo Training Programs. In order to achieve this study objective, the Delphi Technique Analysis and the Quantitative Research were carried out. For this purpose, firstly, experts' opinions about the programs which were practiced in the Taekwondo gym was analyzed. Secondly, the background variable and training level, the training programs, and the difference of Taekwondo mental strength were analyzed. And thirdly, the relations between the Taekwondo training level, the training program, and the Taekwondo mental strength, etc. were analyzed. The analysis of Taekwondo training programs by the DeIphi Technique was performed by means of the 3rd analysis with 30 experts. And as for the Quantitative Research, the study subjects were targeted for the total 265 pupils composed of 224 boys and 41 girls who were selected by the Group Random Sampling. This study took the primary school students in 4-6 years as the population who were training Taekwondo in the gym which was located in Gwangju. The measurement instrument for research survey consisted of five (5) question items for background variables, three (3) question items for training level, three (3) question items for training programs, and twenty-five (25) question items for Taekwondo mental strength, that is, which totaled thirty-six (36) question items in all. As for the relationship model settings between the related variables, gender, school year, income level, academic records, training motive variables were established. As for the independent variables, the medium variables for Taekwondo training level were set up by the training programs. And, the Taekwondo mental strength variables were established for the dependent variables. The data which were collected by using questionnaires were dealt with according to the research objectives. As for the statistical techniques for analysing the treated data, skill statistics, unitary variance analysis, multiple regression analysis were employed. As for the relation of mental strength according to the application of Taekwondo training programs based on the method and procedure of this study, the following results were obtained in accordance with the basis of the Delphi Technique Analysis and result of the Quantitative Research. First, in the program analysis through the Delphi Technique, it was investigated that the following factors were achieved. In the body-centered programs, factors such as curiosity, creative power, interest, etc. were achieved. In the mind-centered programs, factors such as social nature, character, etiquette. sense of cooperation, creative power, and interest etc. were achieved. In the play-centered programs, factors such as meditation, personal relations, creative power, self-esteem, and reliance etc. were achieved. Second, in the differences of Taekwondo programs on the basis of the background variables, school year and income level showed the statistically significant differences in the body-centered and the mind-centered programs among the types of Taekwondo training programs. And the statistically significant difference was shown about the income level in the play-centered programs. This result showed the fact that, in training Taekwondo, pupils showed differences for adapting themselves to the contents of body-, mind-, and play-centered programs according to the contents of programs based on school year and income level which were parts of the background variables. Third, in the relations between the Taekwondo training level and the programs, for the great influence which they had on the body-centered programs about the period, frequency, and the intensity. pupils could adapt themselves well to the training as the period became longer in the body-centered programs. They could also adapt themselves well to the high-intensity training when they were not absent and trained more frequently. As for the period, about the thing which it influenced the mind-centered programs, as they were trained longer in the mind-centered programs, the training period became longer. Also, as for the period and frequency. it was considered that what influenced the play-centered programs was the fact that, as pupils were trained longer, the training period became longer in the play-centered programs. And they seemed to feel more pleasure and interest as the training period became longer and when they were not absent, and when they were trained more frequently. Fourth in the relation between the Taekwondo training level and the mental strength, for the period and the frequency which belongs to the training level, the thing which had significant impact on the sub-factors of the mental strength such as patience, courage, and etiquette was the fact that patience, courage and etiquette which were the sub-factors of mental strength were improved as the Taekwondo training period was longer, and they were trained more frequently. Fifth, in the relation between the type of Taekwondo program and the mental strength, patience, courage, and etiquette was highly improved in the body-centered programs. And courage was highly improved in the mind-centered programs. Also, what had significant impact on patience, courage and etiquette was the body of the Taekwondo program type in the play-centered programs. Likewise, for the mind- and play-centered programs, the mental strength such as patience, courage and etiquette was highly improved as they were trained more frequently.

한국 전통무예와 태권도의 변천 과정

김응식,선석령 조선대학교 스포츠과학연구소 2001 스포츠科學硏究 Vol.12 No.-

The history of naming as Military Arts originated in about the 2nd century when the competition had been embodied and the classical scholars had trained themselves in the Military Arts basically, and in the Koguryo Dynasty when the Military Arts had been educated in the Tae-hak Institute where Confucianism had been taught. The thought of Korean Military Arts is to accomplish the completion of character which possesses both "courtesy" and "morality" through cultivating one's moral sense. The thought of Military Arts in the Kochosun Dynasty was "Morality through wisdom" where the goal of morality or discipline existed in maintaining the ethical public order of the nation. The Military Arts of Koryo Dynasty was based on the Confucian ideology respecting loyalty, filial piety and righteousness And in the Koryo Dynasty, "Su-bak", "Keung-sa" and "Kyuk-gu" were very popular Especially, "Su-bak" was most popular as an individual Military Arts and became the origin of spirit of our nationality. The Military Arts of Yi Dynasty has a thought of Military Arts which aimed at wiping out the fighting under the six kinds of virtue such as filial piety, loyalty, courtesy, sincerity, reverence and holiness. With these influences of thought of the Korean Military Arts, Taekwondo, the Korean art of self-defense, which is based on the spirit of Military Arts of Su-bak and Taek-gyun resulted. The remains which can prove the historic fact about the birth of Taekwondo of our nation are found in many spots. One of them is wall paintings in the tomb of a crown prince which can be found at the ancient tombs of Koguryo Gak-jo-chong and Sam-sil-chong, etc. in the Kug-nae-song which was the capital of Koguryo that had placed at Tong-man, Jip-an-hyun, Tong-hwa-song of Manchuria in current China. These wall paintings still show the original form of Taekwondo. After Taekwondo occurred, it was called as Taek-gyun, Tok-go-ri, Taek-go-ni, Su-bak, Tae-kyun, Tak-grun, etc. and changed into Taekwondo until now. Kogurye, Baekje and Silla in the Three Kingdom Period strugg1ed with one another for territorial dispute for enlarging the sphere of influence and unification of the nations internally. And externally, the sports activities centered on the Military Arts to promote the spiritual awakening of national consciousness against the foreign enemy were done actively. Therefore, this study selected the approach by means of the idea for the changing process of phenomena laying great emphasis on Taek-gyun, Su-bak and Taekwondo to infer how the spiritual function and principle of Taekwondo of our nation has been changed emphasizing the thought of Military Arts.

맨손무예의 변천사를 통한 태권도의 미래발전에 관한 연구

김응식,송용성 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.6

"Taekwondo" was originated from "Soo Bakh", a sport widely prevalent in the period of the Three States. It was called Taekkyon in the Chosun Dynasty, then only after the independence of the nation it has named as "Taekwondo." And after the modern, this traditional martial art has divided into Taekwondo and Taekkyon but this separation brought about some historical errors. Now, they are very crucial cultural assets that conveys the historical traces of our ancestors This research is so written as to provide some light to the direction for future development. The conclusion is followings: First, in philosophy, Taekwondo has been influenced by a diversity of religions and they are "Idea Han"(harmony and union), "Hongikingan"(Humanism), Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. Thus, these stand on the basis of nature accommodation Second, in the principle, it's the nature accommodation which is achieving spiritual enlightenment by special breathing and motion training. Taekkyon has a intangible principle, while Taekwondo has tangible. Third, in the history and characteristic, Both has similar history but a little differences. Taekkyon is martial arts and kind of light dancing, which has unique characters. On the other hand, Taekwondo has functions of both martial arts and sports ,which is linear and shapely. It's almost the national sport. Fourth, in a match, they usually use feet rather than hands. However Taekkyon use the method of knocking someone down without a protection belt, while Taekwondo use the way of kicking quickly with a protection belt. Finally I think Taekwondo should be developed in the programs : showing an excellent example, curing diseases of adult people etc at the same time. Now, I think Taekwondo of acquiring arts in Korea should change into what everybody can feel, see, and be touched. After all this will make Korea culture spread widely and help the national image and tourism marketing advance.

10종 경기에서 선수의 선행 종목이 경기력에 미치는 영향

김응식,안재오 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.4

This study made a comparative analysis of the winning points in different sporting events of decathletes and positively identified how the preceding items experienced by them influenced competitive performance. The results are to be used as basic data for the selection of decathletes and improvement of their competitive performance. For the study, performance of 29 players who won 5500 points in total were sampled from athletic sports records from 1999 to 2002 published by the Korea Athletics Federation. After that, the following results were obtained through averaging, correlation analysis, multi-regression analysis and covariance analysis. 1) It was demonstrated that for Korean decathletes, competitive performance in Short put is relatively stronger compared with that of jumping and throwing, but that of throwing is relatively very low. 2) It was demonstrated that an individual item that has the greatest influence on performance was discus Throw and weight do not influence performance. 3) Items that have a significant difference of performance according to preceding athletic items performance were 110mH, long jump, pole vault and discus Throw. For 110mH, long jump, and pole vault, a good record was found when a preceding item was jump. For throwing, the best record was found in discus Throw.