인축적 미생물의 인방출과 세포내 저장물질 합성관계

신응배,김미경,홍준혁,공동수 한국물환경학회 2004 한국물환경학회지 Vol.20 No.6

Biological phosphorus removal is characterized by complex interactions between different intracellular components of energy as PHA. Therefore, fundamental understanding of the behavior of the intracellular components and their influence on the removal of phosphorus is essential before control strategies to stabilize the proper process. The purpose of this study is to investigate relationship between release of phosphorus and synthesis of intracellular storage polymer. Mass of stored intracellular storage polymer was 21.2 ㎎ PHA/L, 28.8 ㎎ PHA / g MLSS. And phosphorus release/ intracellular storage polymer synthesis rate was 1.8545 ㎎ stored polymer/㎎ Phosphate. In the aerobic phase, mass of PAOs synthesis is 49.37 ㎎ PAOs/L. And PAOs fraction was 6.7-6.9%. Thus intracellular storage polymer synthesis by PAOs is calculated as 493㎎ PHA / g PAOs.

生物學的 燐除去機轉 및 內部返送率과 SRT가 除去率에 미치는 影響

신응배,이영대,최용수,이정욱 漢陽大學校 環境科學硏究所 1995 環境科學論文集 Vol.16 No.-

본 연구에서는 생물학적 인 제거공정의 혐기-호기-무산소 조건을 단일 반응조내에서 발생토록 고안하여 인제거 실험을 수행하였으며, 고안된 반응기내에서의 인 제거기전을 규명하고 제거효율을 평가하였으며 또한 내부반송율과 SRT 변화에 따른 유기물과 인제거 효율을 평가하였다. 고안된 공정의 종합적 인제거효율 평가를 통해 최적 운전조건을 평가·분석하였다. 실험 결과 유기물 제거율은 Aerobic recycle rate 100%, 200%에서 TOC 95% 이상, BOD와 COD 90% 이상으로 우수하였으며, 인은 Aerobic recycle rate 100%에서 폐수유입 지점 0.2일 때가 최적조건으로 분석·평가되었다. SRT 변화와 T-P, PO₄-P 제거율과의 관계는 SRT 10일에서 94%, 92% 이상으로 높은 제거효율을 나타내었다. In this investigation, phosphorus removal experiment was conducted in a single reactor combining anaerobic-aerobic-anoxic zone. Attempts have been made to delineate phosphorus removal mechanisms and to evaluate the removal efficiency. Also performed in this experiment are the removal characteristics of organic and phosphorus with different internal recycle ratios and varying SRT conditions. In addition, this study evaluates the best operation conditions in terms of phosphorus removal efficiency. The removal efficiencies of TOC, BOD and COD were observed to be higher than 95%, 90% and 90%, respectively with aerobic recycle ratios of 100% and 200%. If is further estimated that the optimal operational conditions for phosphorus removal are observed when the aerobic internal recycle rate is 100% with the wastewater inlet point being 0.2 from the bottom. The percent removal efficiencies are 92% for T-P and 90% for PO₄-P. In case of SRT, higher removal efficiencies are observed with the solid retention time of 10 days than with SRT's of 5 and 20 days. The removal rates observed are 94% for T-P and 92% for PO₄-P with the solid retention time of 10 days.

레미콘 폐수 성상특성

신응배,김창우 한양대학교 공학기술연구소 1993 공학기술논문집 Vol.2 No.1

Due to increasing construction activities over the last decade or so demands for concrete have been increased at a higher rate. As more ready-mixed concrete plants are operating across the nation more and more wastwaters have been generated and discharged into natural water courses with inadequate treatment facillities posing water pollution problems. These high-alkalinity and high-turbidity laden wastewater may have significant deleterious effects on water quality in natural streams. There exists a need for a comprehensive analysis of wastwater generated as a result of ready-mixed concrete plants operation. This will enable us to understand thoroughly the constituents and its characteristics in wastwater and to design an efficient treatment process system. This paper presents the result of wastewater characteristics analysis and evaluation of the selected industries throughout the country. A comparative evaluation is also performed wherever possible to understand the differences in characteristics between observed and reported data.

산업공단에서의 초기강우 유출수 오염물질 특성 및 처리

신응배,윤현식,김연권,김범수 漢陽大學校 環境工學硏究所 1998 環境科學論文集 Vol.19 No.-

강우시 발생하는 우수유출수에는 초기세척효과(first-flush-effect)로 BOD, SS를 비롯한 고농도의 다양한 오염물질이 함유되어 있으며, 방류선 수체로 유입되어 주변수체의 수질에 많은 악영향을 미치게 된다. 전세계적으로 이에 대한 많은 연구와 조사가 진행중에 있으며, EPA의 조사자료에 따르면 방류선 수체의 수질오염 문제 중 약 30%가 강우유출수로부터 기인하는 것으로 추정한바도 있다. 본 연구에서는 수도권에 인접해 위치하고 있는 S산업공단을 대상으로, 강우시 공단내에서 발생하는 우수유출수에 대해 유량변화 및 수질분석을 수행하였다. S공단은 석유·화학, 기계·금속업 등이 주종을 이루고 있고 분류식하수 배제방식을 채택하고 있어, 공단내 발생되는 우수유출수는 전량 지천으로 배출되고 있다. 시료채취는 공단을 배수구역별 5개 구역으로 구획 후, 해당 배수구역에 대하여 고정모니터링 방법을 적용하여 강우유출수의 수질을 분석·평가하였다. S산업공단에서 발생되는 우수유출수에는 BOD, COD, SS, TN, d-Fe, Zn, Cu 등의 다양한 종류의 오염물질이 검출되었다. 특히, 석유·화학산업, 식품산업, 일반폐기물 야적장 등에서는 BOD, COD, SS, TN등의 일반오염물질 항목들이, 기계·금속산업, 고철 야적장 지역에서는 중금속 항목의 오염물이 고농도로 측정되었다. During the early stages of a storm, significantly higher BOD, SS and other pollutants loadings may occur. This temporary increase is the result of the so -called "first-flush-effect". First flush runoff in the storm is a typical nonpoint source of polluting adjacent water bodies by overflowing pollutants accumulated in street surface from domestic, commerical and industrial area. The quality of storm water runoff is a major concern in the world. In the National Water Quality Inventory, 1990 Report to Congress, states estimated that ∼30% of identified case of water quality impairment are attributable to storm water discharges. (U.S. EPA 1992) In this study, "S" industrial complex located near Seoul metropolitan was investigated to evaluate characteristics of storm water runoff from industrial complex. Major industries of 'S' area were petroleum-chemical industry, metal-mechanical industry, etc. Also, storm water runoff was directly discharged to small artificial channel through storm sewer lines of separated sewer system in 'S' industrial complex. The concentration of several items such as BOD, COD, SS, TN, d-fe, Zn, Cu were founded in storm water runoff from the 'S' industrial complex catchment. Especially, petroleum-chemical industry, food industry, junkyard were exposed to high rate concentration of convention of conventional pollutants, such as BOD, COD, SS, TN, in first flush runoff samples. Higher levels of heavy metals were found at metal-mechanical industry, metal storage on site.

효율적인 혐기성소화를 위한 슬러지전처리 신공정

최홍복,신응배,황경엽 漢陽大學校 環境科學硏究所 1996 環境科學論文集 Vol.17 No.-

본 연구는 2차 슬러지의 전처리가 혐기성 소화에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구로 슬러지를 기계적으로 분사 및 충돌시키는 전처리공법에 대한 연구이다. 본 전처리공법의 핵심은 슬러지를 구성하고 있는 미생물 세포를 파괴하는 것으로 이를 위하여 슬러지를 기계적으로 가압하에 분사, 충돌시킨 물리적 힘으로 세포막을 파손시켜 내부 단백질을 노출시켰다. 실험결과 충돌 전후 시료의 단백질 농도 변화가 뚜렷이 나타났다. 단백질 농도는 분사압력이 증가 할 수록 또한 분사횟수가 증가할 수록 높아졌다. 전처리한 슬러지를 회분식 혐기성소화 실험한 결과 체류시간 2∼26일에서 13∼50%의 VS제거효율을 나타냈다. 반면에 같은 운전조건에서 전처리하지 않았을 경우 2∼35%의 VS제거효율을 나타내서 하수의 2차슬러지를 기계적으로 전처리 할 경우에 월등히 높은 혐기성 처리효율을 보이고 있는 것으로 나타났다. This research investigates the effectiveness of sludge pretreatment as it affects the subsequent anaerobic digestion of waste-activated sludge(WAS). The key of this pretreatment process is that bacteria cells in the WAS are ruptured by mechanical jet and smash under pressurized conditions. The protein concentrations in the sludge vary significantly before and after pretreatment. Protein concentration increases according to pressure and smash times. In batch experiments, the removal efficiencies of volatile solids (VS) were 13∼50% when the WAS is pretreated once under 30 bar fed into an anaerobic digester with 2∼26day retention time. Under the same operating conditions, when intact WAS is fed into the digester, VS removal efficiencies are 2∼35%. It is observed that higher digestion efficiencies of sludge can be obtained through mechanical pretreatment of sludge.

도심지 합류식 하수관거 월류수 오염물질 침강특성

신응배(Eung Bai Shin),윤현식(Hyun Sik Yoon) 한국물환경학회 1998 한국물환경학회지 Vol.14 No.4

Combined sewer overflows (CSOs) have been considered as a major cause of water quality deterioration of water-courses in the vicinity of the heavily urbanized areas. It is important to know exact properties of pollutants contained in CSOs to address water quality impacts that are caused by CSOs inputs to the receiving waters. Recently, research has shown that a settling process is an efficient treatment for the removal of pollutants from CSOs. Therefore, the settling velocity of the pollutants in the CSOs to be treated has an important influence on performance and should be considered in developing design details. Results of settling velocity distributions for diverse pollutant sources (including CSOs, street-runoff, dry-weather flow) are presented with COD_(Cr), SS, TKN, T-P. The observed results in settling characteristics for pollutant sources showed widely different and exponential decay curve was well fitted to settling velocity profiles produced during the test.

빗물배수 펌프장 저류조를 이용한 합류식 하수관거 월류수(CSOs) 오염부하 삭감 산정

신응배(Shin Eung Bai),이영대(Lee Young Dae),이두진(Lee Doo Jin),윤현식(Yoon Hyun Sik) 대한토목학회 2001 대한토목학회논문집 A Vol.21 No.6A

토양미생물을 활성화한 간헐포기 공정에서의 질소ㆍ인 제거 특성

신응배(Shin Eung-Bai),김형건(Kim Hyoung-Gun),배우근(Bae Woo-Keun),고남호(Go Nam-Ho) 대한토목학회 2001 대한토목학회논문집 B Vol.21 No.3B

혐기 - 간헐포기 공정에서 Denitrifying PAOs 의 거동 특성

신응배(Eung Bai Shin),윤은경(Eung Kyung Youn),이두진(Doo Jin Lee),주봉현(Bong Hyun Joo) 한국물환경학회 2001 한국물환경학회지 Vol.17 No.3

This study investigated the occurrence and the behavior of Denitrifying Phosphate Accumulating Organisms (DePAOs). These organisms are capable of phosphorus removal and denitrification simultaneously under anoxic conditions. The experiment was conducted in two parts: The phosphorus removal efficiency was evaluated in an anaerobic-intermittent aeration process which was designed to be an Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal(EBPR) process: Then, several batch tests were carried out in order to elucidate how the DePAOs responds in an anaerobic-intermittent aeration process under varying conditions. In the first part of the experiment, the results show that the overall phosphorus removal efficiency is as high as 93.3% in a continuous flow system and hence the anaerobic-intermittent aeration process is in fact an EBPR process. In the batch tests, the presence of DePAOs under different anoxic conditions was observed with a limited amount of substrate. Several batch tests were run under anoxic conditions. The test samples were spiked with different nitrate concentrations of 5, 10 and 20 ㎎NO₃^- -N/L respectively. The tests revealed that both phosphorus uptake rate and denitrification rate were proportional in the first 30 min and phosphate uptake rate was 17.78∼24.89 ㎎PO₄^(-3) -P/gVSS/d and denitrification rate was 37.33∼53.33 ㎎NO₃^- -N/gVSS/d. The rate of phosphate uptake under anoxic conditions is 15.8∼26.3% slower than under aerobic conditions. With the available organic substrate, phosphates are released in anoxic condition. Results of these experiments cleary indicate that DePAOs exist under anoxic conditions in the EBPR process and that the phosphorus release and uptake under anoxic conditions depends on the presence of available organic substrate and the concentration of nitrate.

토양미생물을 이용한 연속회분식 반응조에서의 인제거 특성

신응배(Eung Bai Shin),윤준재(Joon Jae Yoon),주봉현(Bong Hyeon Joo),윤현식(Hyun Sik Yoon),이영대(Young Dae Lee) 大韓環境工學會 1999 대한환경공학회지 Vol.21 No.6