Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Multiphase‑Reinforced In Situ Aluminum Matrix Composites

Ju‑Hye Kim,Jae‑Gil Jung,Eun‑Ji Baek,최윤석,Kwangjun Euh 대한금속·재료학회 2019 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.25 No.2

We investigated the microstructures and mechanical properties of multiphase-reinforced in situ aluminum matrix composites(AMCs) prepared with various combinations and contents of Li, Mg, Si, Cu, Zn, Sn, and Ni. The area fractions of thesecondary phases in the as-cast AMCs ranged from 26% to 58%, and the types of secondary phases depended on the alloychemical compositions. The type and amount of secondary phases were more important than matrix strengthening in determiningthe alloy mechanical properties. Composite hardness and compressive stress increased while fracture strain decreasedwith increasing total area fraction of the secondary phases up to 40%. The formation of coarse primary and soft/heavySn-containing phases significantly deteriorated the alloy mechanical properties. Annealing also influenced the mechanicalproperties of the AMCs by changing the microstructures of the secondary phases and Al matrices.

생활치 미백제가 우치 법랑질의 투명도에 미치는 영향

김동준,김영주,김학근,박은종,서은주,황윤찬,오원만,황인남 大韓齒科保存學會 2005 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.30 No.3

본 연구에서는 현재 임상에서 home bleaching을 위해 사용되고 있는 표백 재료들이 치아 법랑질의 투명도에 어떠한 변화를 일으키는지 고찰해 보고자 시행하였다. 실험 대상으로는 하루 전 발거한 우치 (bovine tooth)를 사용하였다. 치아의 순면에 수직되게 다이아몬드 드릴을 이용해 수주 하에서 직경 6 mm의 원통형 치아 시편을 만들어 순면이 노출된 상태로 투명한 아크릭 레진에 포매한 후, low speed diamond saw (Isomat, Buehler Co., USA)를 사용하여 1.2 mm 두께로 절단하였다. 절단된 시편은 순면을 먼저 편평하게 연마하고,절단된 면을 연마하여 두께 1 mm의 시편을 완성하였다. 완성된 시편(우치 25개)을 무작위로 추출하여 3개의 그룹으로 나누고 나머지는 대조군으로 하였다. Opalescence (10% carbamide peroxide, Ultradent, Milford, USA), Rembrandt (10% carbamide peroxide, DenMat, USA) 및 Opalescence F(15% carbamide peroxide with fluoride, Ultradent)를 시편의 순면에 1주일 동안 적용 (표백제는 24시간마다 교체)하였고, 설측면은 증류수를 적신 거즈에 접촉된 상태로 보관하였다 표백제를 적용하기 전과 적용 3, 5, 7일째에 시편의 삼자극치 X, Y, Z 값을 색채색차계 (Color & Color Differencemeter, Model TC-6FX, Tokyo Denshoku Co., Japan)로 백색 배경판과 흑색 배경판 상에서 측정하였다 백색 배경판과 흑색 배경판 상에서 측정된 Y값의 평균값을 이용해 contrast ratio를 계산하였다 얻어진 값을 One Way Repeated Measured ANOVA를 이용하여 통계 처리한 결과 10% Opalescence처치군, 15% Opalescence-F처치군 및 대조군에서는 통계적으로 유의할만한 증감을 보이지 않았고, Rembrandt처치군에서는 Contrast ratio가 증가하였다 (p < 0.01) . This study was done to evaluate whether vital bleaching agents could influence on the translucency of the bovine enamel. The anterior bovine teeth that were extracted one day before and without any gross discoloration were obtained and then were preserved in physiologic saline. 6 mm cylindrical tooth specimens were fabricated with diamond puncher perpendicularly on labial surface of bovine tooth. After embedded in transparent acrylic resin with labial surface being exposed, they were cut to a thickness of 1.2 mm with low speed diamond saw (Isomat, Buehler Co., Lake Bluff, IL, USA). They were smoothly ground to 1 mm thickness of enamel with sandpaper. 24 specimens were randomly divided into 3 groups and control group respectively. Opalescence (10% carbamide peroxide, Ultradent, South Jordan, USA), Rembrandt (10% carbamide peroxide, DenMat, USA) and Opalescence F (15% carbamide peroxide with fluoride, Ultradent, USA) were applied on labial sides of the bovine enamel for 7 days (bleaching agents were reapplied every 24 hours) and the opposite surface was contacted to cotton that soaked in distilled water. The control group was soaked in distilled water. Three stimulus value X, Y and Z were evaluated with colorimeter (Color ' Color Differencerneter, Model TC-6FX, Tokyo Denshoku Co., Japan) on the labial surface of all specimen three times on white and black background plate before the bleaching agents were applied and on 3rd, 5th and 7th day after applied. The degree of translucency was normally assessed by measuring the inverse property, opacity (contrast ratio). 10% Opalescence, 15% Opalescence-F, and control group showed no significant variation in the translucency of bovine enamel, However Rembrandt decreased the translucency of it (p < 0.01).

카드뮴에 의해 유발된 선천성 기형에 대한 연구

김은주,김선,양은진,한승로,김수일,김원식 대한췌담도연구회 2000 대한췌담도연구회지 Vol.5 No.2

Inhibition of Cytokine-Mediated Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression in Rat Insulinoma Cells by Scoparone

Kim#, Eun Kyung,Kwon#, Kang Beom,Lee, Ju Hyung,Park, Byung Hyun,Park, Jin Woo,Lee, Hern Koo,Jhee, Eun Chung,Yang, Jeong Yeh Pharmaceutical Society of Japan 2007 Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin Vol.30 No.2

<P>Cytokines produced by immune cells infiltrating pancreatic islets are important mediators of β-cell destruction in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Scoparone (6,7-dimethoxycoumarin) is known to have a wide range of pharmacological properties <I>in vitro</I>. In this study, the effects of scoparone on cytokine-induced β-cell dysfunction were examined. Presence of scoparone significantly protected interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-mediated cytotoxicity of RINm5F, a rat insulinoma cell line, and preserved glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in rat pancreatic islets. Scoparone also resulted in a significant reduction in IL-1β and IFN-γ-induced nitric oxide (NO) production, a finding that correlated well with reduced levels of the inducible form of NO synthase (iNOS) mRNA and protein. The molecular mechanism by which scoparone inhibited iNOS gene expression appeared to involve the inhibition of NF-κB activation. These results revealed the possible therapeutic value of scoparone for the prevention of diabetes mellitus progression.</P>

TV 요리프로그램 진행자의 전문성 여부에 따른 구성내용의 질에 대한 시청자의 평가

김운주,최은희,김기현,김정숙,송현숙,정은옥 충북대학교 교육 ·생활연구소 생활과학연구센터 2002 생활과학연구논총 Vol.6 No.1

The purpose of this study was to develop the instrument to assess the TV cooking program contents and to indentify the difference of cooking program contents according to professionalism of MC. The evaluation sheet was composed of 5 sectors(sanitary practices, cooking process, information & proceeding, table setting & tasting, applicability) with all 32 questions, 5-Likert scale was used. College students majoring in food & nutrition were very interested in cooking program and 72.4% of respondents knew the cable TV Food channel. The major source of cooking information was TV(51.5%). The comparison of four TV cooking programs with professional MC(2 program) and amateur MC(2 program) was performed. Except applicability sector, the mean evaluation scores of professional cooking program were higher than amateur cooking program. In the amateur MC program, 'hand washing', 'use of hair restraints', 'separate use of cutting board', 'dish towel cleanliness', 'separation of service table', 'taking a chair in tasting', 'use of individual dish' items rated low rating score(<2.00) so more control was needed. The findings of this research suggest that cooking professional should be participate in developing TV cooking program as MC or staff.

Effects of Phenytoin and Diazepam on the Seizure Activity in the Cortical Dysplasia Animal Models

Kim, Si-Hyung,Choi, In-Sun,Cho, Jin-Hwa,Park, Eun-Ju,Jang, Il-Sung,Choi, Byung-Ju,Kim, Hyun-Jung,Kim, Young-Jin,Nam, Soon-Hyeun The Korean Academy of Oral Biology 2006 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.31 No.2

Dysplasia-associated seizure disorders are markedly resistant to pharmacological intervention. Relatively little research has been conducted studying the effects of antiepileptic drugs(AEDs) on seizure activity in a rat model of dysplasia. We have used rats exposed to methylazoxymethanol acetate(MAM) in utero, an animal model featuring nodular heterotopia, to investigate the effects of AEDs in the dysplastic brain. Pilocarpine was used to induce acute seizure in MAM-exposed and age-matched vehicle-injucted control animals. Field potential recordings were used to monitor amplitude and numbers population spikes, and paired pulse inhibition in response to stimulation of commissural pathway. Two commonly used AEDs were tested: diazepam 5, 2.5mg/kg;phenytoin 40, 60mg/kg. Diazepam(DZP) and phenytoin(PHT) reduced the amplitude of population spike in control and MAM-exposed rats. However, the amplitude of population spike was nearly eliminated in control rats as compared to the MAM-exposed rats. Pharmaco-resistance was tested by measuring seizure latencies in awake rats after pilocarpine administration(320mg/kg, i.p.) with and without pretreatment with AEDs. Pre-treatment with PHT 60 mg prolonged seizure latency in control rats, but not in MAM-exposed animals. The main findings of this study are that acute seizures initiated in MAM-exposed rats are relatively resistant to standard AEDs assessed in vivo. These data suggest that animal model with cortical dysplasia can be used to screen the effects of potential AEDs.

중・장년기 말더듬 성인의 삶의 경험에 관한 내러티브 탐구

김진훈,황지은,이은주 이화여자대학교 특수교육연구소 2024 특수교육 Vol.23 No.2

Purpose: To understand life experiences of middle-aged adults who stutter and to explore diverse meanings within their stuttering experience. Method: Three middle-aged adults with stuttering issue were enrolled to conduct depth interviews. Collected qualitative data were analyzed according to narrative inquiry method, the “three-dimensional narrative inquiry spaces” and the “four directionality” to examine and understand the meaning of participants’ life experiences. The researcher repeatedly read the depth interview transcripts and tried to understand narratives of participants’ experiences. Results: As a result of constructing themes based on life stories and experiences related to stuttering of each research participant, semantic themes of stories emerged. such as “unquenchable thirst” by [Gi Eun-hee], “another minority” by [Na Young-gyu], and “Be myself: the way I live my life” by [Kim Jang-woo]. As a result of constructing themes by weaving together stories that were common to participants’ experiences of stuttering, semantic themes were emerged, such as “This is who I am now”, “A choice to survive”, “Me as a parent” and “I hope you do what you want, which I couldn’t do”. Conclusion: Based on findings of this study, clinical support for people who stutter is discussed, suggesting that therapeutic alliance between the speech-language pathologist and the person who stutters, cognitive behavior therapy(CBT), and provision of adequate counselling and information are needed. 연구목적: 본 연구는 말을 더듬는 중・장년기 성인의 삶의 경험을 이해하고 말더듬 경험 속 다양한 의미를 탐구하고자 하였다. 연구방법: 말을 더듬는 중・장년기 성인 3명을 참여자로 하여 심충면담을 실시하였다. 이들의 삶의 경험을 내러티브의 3차원적 탐구 공간과 4가지 방향성을 통해 알아봄으로써 각 개인이 지닌 말더듬 경험 속 다양한 의미를 더욱 심도 있게 살피고자 하였다. 연구결과: 개인 내 분석 결과, [기은희]는 ‘채워지지 않는 갈증’으로, [나영규]는 ‘또 다른 소수자’로, [김장우]는 ‘있는 그대로의 나’로 이야기의 의미주제가 도출되었다. 또한 개인 간 분석 결과, ‘지금 나는 이러해’, ‘살아가기 위한 선택’, ‘부모로서의 나’, ‘나는 그러지 못했지만, 너희는 그러했으면 해’로 이야기의 의미주제가 도출되었다. 결론: 연구결과를 토대로 말을 더듬는 사람들을 위한 임상적 지원방안에 대해 논의하고, 언어치료사와 대상자 간 치료 동맹, 인지행동치료(CBT), 충분한 상담과 정보 제공 등을 제안하였다.

중년 여성의 렙틴 수용체 유전자 다형성과 신체구성상 특성의 관련성

김기진 ( Ki Jin Kim ),안나영 ( Na Young Ahn ),천우광 ( Woo Kwang Cheon ),박주식 ( Ju Sik Park ),홍창배 ( Chang Bae Hong ),신윤정 ( Yoon Jung Shin ),김상현 ( Sang Hyun Kim ),김태호 ( Tae Ho Kim ),이지은 ( Ji Eun Lee ) 한국운동생리학회 2004 운동과학 Vol.13 No.2

Kim, K.J., Ahn, N.Y., Cheon, W.K., Park, J.S., Hong, C.B., Shin, Y.J., Kim. S.H., Kim, T.H., Lee, J.E. Relationship between Gln223Arg polymorphism in the leptin receptor gene and body composition in middle-aged women. Exercise Science, 13(2): 233-240, 2004. Previous studies have been found for the polymorphism in the leptin receptor gene being involved in human obesity, We examined relationship between the Gln223Arg polymorphism in the leptin receptor gene and body composition. Subjects were consisted of obese group (N=94) and normal weight group (N=95) in middle-aged women. Body weight, %fat, BMI, skinfold thickness, body circumferences, and WHR we measured for the analysis of the detailed physique. Leptin receptor polymorphism was detected by PCR-RELP assays. The Gln223Arg polymorphism in the leptin receptor gene was no significant difference between obese and normal weight group, and heterozygous for the leptin receptor gene showed the highest values in both groups. The allele frequency was no significant difference between obese and normal weieht group. Body weight and BMI showed a significant (p<0.05) difference between mutant homozygous and heterozygous of the Gln223Arg in the leptin receptor gene in both groups. Hip and high circumferences showed a significant (p<0.05) difference between mutant homozygous and heterozygous of Gln223Arg in the leptin receptor gene in both groups. Although it was no significance, skinfold thickness of mutant homozygous group showed a high values than mutant heterozygous group in obese group. Therefore the Gln223Arg polymorphism of the leptin gene receptor not appeared to be a risk factor for obesity in middle-aged Korean women, but we suggest that the Gln223Arg polymorphism of the leptin gene receptor affect to the body composition.

중국 · 고대 돈황 가사중의 복식 연구

김은주(Eun Ju Kim) 한국복식학회 1994 服飾(복식) Vol.22 No.-

This study`s purpose is to find the ancient costume of the folk song`s words on Dunhuang manuscripts in the background wall-carvings, sculptures and several art works. Dunhuang had played the part of major route between ancient China and Europe. It is located on kamsuksoˇng the west of China. 1. In the aspect of costume arrangement, Hair Styling is represented by Naegagyo (內家嬌), Wangyesa(浣溪沙), Kyoˇngburak(傾盃樂), Bongkwyun(鳳歸雲), Pogurak(抛毬樂), Ch´oˇnsoˇnja(天仙子), Namgaja(南歌子), Tongsoˇnga(洞仙歌), Oˇjesa(御製詞), Chanboja(贊普子) in Dunhuang manuscripts. tugue(頭髮) is similar to Sabyoˇkkwanja(絲碧冠子) in Naegagyo(內家嬌) as of that time, these kinds of Kwanja(冠子) was very popular. It was told that emperor`s wife, concubine and maid of honor would wear Kwanja favorably. And the kinds of Tugeu(頭髮) is PuyongKwyunkye(芙蓉歸雲髮), Sangunkye(祥雲髮), Chounkye(朝雲髮) from Kyuwanjon(閨緩髮) except Sangunkye(湘雲髮), Ounkye(烏雲髮) in Dunhuangsa(敦煌詞). 2. Jangdaegy(粧臺記) is guoted from Kyuwanjon(閨緩典) - A series of the chinese history book-tells about women`s make-up. The names of make-up are Hongjang(紅粧), Unjang(暈粧), Yiljang(日粧), Ch´wejang(??粧), Tamajang(墮馬粧), Murgjang(墨粧), Sanajang(仙粧), Light-make up(輕輕傳粉) are referred in Naegagyo is included as packjang(make up useing white powder, 白藏). Besides we can find other make-up skills, Huˇphwaro(吸花露) and Rujang(淚粧) from the Kaewoˇnch`oˇnbogwisa(開元天寶貴事) which was Yangkwibi`s episodes(楊貴妃傳). We can find the a corpus of song`s words about cosmetic custom in Korea. Which is `Haecho` folk song in the southeren costal regions, `Jinggum` folk song in Kim hae regions, and so on …… It`s words is similar to Dunhuangsa in China. 3. Bichun inherited to China with India Buddism art in the middle of Dunhuang wall-paintings is one of the important Buddist saint. Sometimes it is painted with Giakchun(技樂天). Its arms of fly-dnacing in heaven with colored belt on body has almost the form of play on the musical instrument. We can see easily the form in the painting of Buddist sermon. It was progressed and changed with the background of chinese traditional culture. When Dang`s period came, the color was changed lighting dark blue, has rhythmical and vivid power of life. 4. Among the corpus of song`s words which express the singers` system and rites of their tradition or habits. Dunhuang manuscripts describes on behalf of the folk song`s words in traditional costume. This is following : (1) Naegagyo (內家嬌) SabyokKwanja (絲碧冠子) (PuyongKwanja) (芙蓉冠子) Chyrasam (고나삼) Rashang (羅裳) (2) Wangyesa (浣溪沙) Soˇkryugun (石榴裙) Costume for fisher man <Dolonguˇi(漁父服飾)> (3) Buˇngajang of the Chanboja (贊普子의 番歌將) Ajang (成裝) (4) Pongkwyun (風歸雲) Choˇnguˇi (征衣) (5) Tongsoˇnga (洞仙歌) Ju´oˇnfore (戰袍) (6) Namgaja (番歌子) thin-Rasam (薄羅衫) (7) Yuchuˇngnang (柳靑娘) ◁그림 삽입▷ (원문을 참조하세요) Hongsam (紅衫) Soˇkryugun (石榴裙) ; The color of red costume (8) Kyoˇngburak (傾盃樂) ◁그림 삽입▷ (원문을 참조하세요) Hongrasam (紅羅衫) Soˇkryugun (石榴裙) ; Costume for charming(attractive) woman <嬌女服飾 (The color of red costume)> Therefore traditional costume could be extracted according to the Dunhuang folk song`s words out of culture such as learning rites, three-obedience, four-virtues and in struction. As the same time it reflects ancient China`s characteristics directly. I would endeavor to development for the history of the costume further creative design and participated in research activity with concerns forward continuously.

다중 쓰레드 기반의 병렬처리서버용 안티바이러스 엔진

유주영;김미애;박은옥;박유미;최주영;최은정;김명주 서울여자대학교 컴퓨터과학연구소 2004 정보기술논문지 Vol.2 No.-

악성코드에 대한 보다 바람직한 예방은 클라이언트측이 아닌 서버측에서 이루어지는 것이다. 본 논문에서는 새로운 개념 의 서버용 안티바이러스 엔진인 SAVE 1.0을 설계 구현하여 제시한다. SAVE는 기본적으로 1개의 AV모니터와 다수의 AV에이전트로 구성되어 있는데 다중 CPU를 장착한 병렬처리서버의 특징을 직접 활용하기 위하여 관리자가 다중쓰레드 기법을 직접 지정할 수 있도록 하고 있다 악성코드를 5가지 부류로 구분하여 바이러스 시그너쳐 DB를 구축 제공함으로써 부류별 진단을 지정할 수 있도록 하고 있으며 실시간 네트워크 패킷 검사를 통한 악성코드 유입 점검 기능도 제공한다. 웹 기반의 관리자 인터페이스는 뛰어난 사용자 편의성을 제공하고 있다. 성능실험결과 악성코드 검색율은 국내외 상용제품과 비교해서 매우 우수한 것으로 나타났으며 검색속도에 있어서도 서버의 CPU 수 증가에 거의 선형 비례하여 향상되는 특징을 보이고 있다. It is more desirable to prevent and detect the malicious codes in server system rather than in client PCs. In this paper, we suggest a new anti-virus engine, SAVE 1.0, which is executed on a parallel processing server. SAVE consists of 1 AV monitor and several AV agents. A system administrator can control the degree of multi-thread directly in order to enhance the utilization of parallel processing servers. Virus signature DBs in SAVE are classified into 5 categories, which support system administrator's options to use the classifier or not. By real-time checking of network packets, the influx of malicious codes can be prevented. Web-based GUI is one of the convenient functions provided in SAVE. In performance tests, we have confirmed that SAVE has higher virus detection ratio than any other AV engine, and SAVE has a desirable feature as an software of parallel processing servers since the performance of SAVE is improved almost linearly as the CPUs in a parallel processing server increases.