자기 효능의 개념 분석

서순림,이은남,박송자,양영희,이동숙,최은옥,구미옥,김인자,이인숙,김성재,박영임,이은옥 서울대학교 간호대학 간호과학연구소 1997 간호학 논문집 Vol.11 No.1

Today human needs for health promotion and maintenance are increasing. The nursing progression has a great responsibility for helping clients to practice good health behavior. self efficacy was found to be potent predictor in initiating and maintaining the health-related behavior. Therefore, the concept is important in nursig intervention for change of health behavior. The purpose of this paper was to analyze and clarify the meaning of the concept, self efficacy. This study used Walder & Avant's process of concept analysis. Critical attributes of self efficacy were : 1) positive perception of his won capability; 2) intrapersonal strength; 3) possibility of being learned; 4) individuality; 5) specificity; 6) generalizability. Antecedents of self efficacy consist of those facts that 1) new situation occurs; 2) individuals have needs to change the new situation; 3) there are some required actions in new situation. Consequences occurring as a result of self efficacy consist of those facts that 1) individual initiates the of failure; 5) cope with the situation; 6) controls the situation; 7) the level of self efficacy is enhanced; 8) the level of self-esteem is enhanced.

원전 사고를 대비한 장거리 대기 확산모델 개발

서경석,김은한,한문희 대한방사선 방어학회 2002 방사선방어학회지 Vol.27 No.3

대기 중으로 방출된 방사성물질의 이동·확산 현상을 이해하기 위하여 3차원 장거리 확산 모델이 개발되었다. 모델은 수평방향으로 방출점으로부터 수천 키로 미터의 거리까지 공기중 농도와 지표면 침적을 계산하도록 설계되었다. 수직 난류운동은 혼합층 내와 혼합층 위로 분리하도록 고려하였다. 시험계산은 동북 아시아권의 영역을 고려하였고, 방출점은 중국의 동쪽 지점을 가정하였다. 계산된 농도분포는 바람장에 의해 방출점의 남동방향을 향해 주로 이동되었다. 개발된 모델은 완전 사고시 방사선 피해를 추정하기 위하여 이용될 것이며, 모델은 장거리 야외 확산실험의 자료를 이용하여 비교·검증 연구를 통하여 보완될 것이다. The three-dimensional long-range dispersion model has been developed to understand the characteristics of the transport and diffusion of radioactive materials released into atmosphere. The model is designed to compute air concentration and ground deposition at distances up to some thousands of kilometers from the source point in horizontal direction The vertical turbulent motion is considered separately within the mixing layer and above the mixing layer. The test simulation was performed in the area of Northeast Asia. The release point was assumed in the east part of China. The calculated concentration distributions are mainly advected toward the southeast part of release point by the wind fields. The developed model will be used to estimate the radiological consequences against a nuclear accident. The model will be supplemented by the comparative study using the data of the long-range field experiments.

전파조정기를 이용한 마이크로파 소자용 Calibration

석은영,조현광,서영석,한교용 영남대학교 공업기술연구소 2000 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.28 No.1

A microwave device measurement tool kit using the TRL method for microwave tuner was developed. Teflon substrate was used for easy manufacturing. An adapter from CDI was used for the junction transition between microstrip and coaxial line. Mask production procedure which have the 3:1 reduction ratio was developed for microstrip transmission line manufacturing. Using these procedure the Cal Kit which can have Thru, Reflect, and Line was manufactured. TRL error correction method can be applied to the Kit. We tested the Cal kit and the error due to the microstrip line could be corrected. It can be applicable to the accurate measurement of microwave transistors.

고양이 심장에서 관상동맥 결찰과 재관류로 인한 ATPase 변화에 관한 세포화학적 연구

김은기,류임주,엄창섭,서영석 고려대학교 의과대학 1991 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.28 No.1

To understand the behaviors of Ca^(++)-ATPase and Na^(+)-K^(+) ATPase in ischemic and ischemic-reperfused heart, and to elucidate their roles in those conditions, the authors observed cat myocardium ultracytochemically. Acute ischemia was induced by ligation of the anterior interventricular branch of left coronary artery. Reperfusion was begun after 20minutes of ischemia and discontinued after 1-2 minutes when ventricular fibrillation appeared on EKG. The reaction products of Ca^(++)-ATPase were irregular In shape, and distributed mainly in myocytes in the vicinity of capillaries. In normal cardiac myocytes, they were present at plasmalemma, sarcoplasmic reticulum, transverse tubules, intercalated discs including intermediate junctions, desmosomes and gap junctions. Some were scattered along with inner mitochondrial membranes and myofibrils. After 20 minutes of ischemia. almost all structures had negligible reaction products. except some dilated sarcoplasmic reticulum beneath the plasmalemma, which retained strong reactivities. After reperfusion, the reaction products showed a tendency to be Increased. But there was hardly any reaction products in mitochondria. Patches of myofibrils with much increased enzyme activity than other myofibrils were found scattered. In addition, macrophages showed strong reactivity throughout their nuclei. Endothelial cell nuclei, however, were free of reactions in all conditions. The reaction products of Na^(+)-K^(+) ATPase were fine In nature. In normal cardiac myocytes, they were present at plasmalemma, transverse tubules, sarcoplasmic reticulum, various structures of intercalated discs, myofibrils, mitochondria, inner nuclear membranes and heterochrormatin. In ischemic heart, the reactions decreased generally and increased after reperfusion. Mitochondria in normal states had many fine reaction products scattered throughout them to the degree of masking their details. In ischemic conditions, the reaction products, decreased in number, were located contiguous to inner mitochondrial membrane. After reperfusion each reaction product was increased in size, although the amount was less than normal conditions. Gap junctions were unique structures'in that they lacked reactivity both in ischemic and ischemic-reperfused conditions. Other structures of the intercalated discs, especially desmesomes, showed increased reactions. Some myofibrils showed much strong reactions in ischemic and ischemic-reperfused groups, even though the reactivity at myofibrils as a whole was decreased. Under all conditions, the nuclei of interstitial cails and endothelial cells had their reaction products related to the nuclear membranes and heterochrormatin. The authors, based on the above observations, conclude that Ca^(++)-ATPase may have little role in ischemic and ischemic-reperfused conditions. Na^(+)-K^(+) ATPase during reperfusion, however, even depressed in their activities, may try to normalize the decreased intramitochondrial ATP contents and the increased intracellular Na^(+) concentrations resulted from ischemic conditions.

복강경 검사로 진단한 결핵성 복막염 1례

박민경,서원석,박재옥,김창휘,고은석,임철완 순천향의학연구소 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.2

Tuberculous peritonitis is discovered from sixty to ninty percent of pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Clinical symptoms are nonspecific such as mild fever, weakness and malaise but show tenderness in right lower abdomen and abdominal distension. Diagnosis is confirmed by laparoscopic and pathologic findings. We report a case of tuberculous peritonitis in an 11-year-old boy who was hospitalized because of abdominal distension with pain on right lower abdomen which had developed one day before he came to hospital. Chest X-ray showed pleural effusion on both sides. We did laparoscopic examination and observed diffuse nodular infiltration. In biopsy specimen we observed osseous granuloma and acid-fast bacilli in AFB stain.

Monte Carlo 방법을 이용한 대기오염 배출률 예측의 불확실성 평가

정효준,김은한,서경석,황원태,한문희 한국환경과학회 2006 한국환경과학회지 Vol.15 No.4

원전 중대사고시 피폭경로 및 핵종의 방사선 피폭에 대한 상대적 중요도 해석

황원태,김은한,김병우,서경석,한문희 대한방사선 방어학회 1994 방사선방어학회지 Vol.19 No.3

원자력발전소의 중대 사고시 대기로 방출된 방사성물질에 의해 피폭자가 사고후 일생동안 받게 될 전신 피폭선량의 핵종의 상대적 중요도를 방출점으로부터 거리에 따라 각 피폭결로에 대해 평가하였다. 방사능운과 지표에 침적된 방사성물지에 의한 외부피폭,호흡과 오염된 음식물섭취에 의한 내부피폭이 피폭경로로 고려되었다. 오염된 음식물섭취에 의한 영향은 우리나라 환경을 고려하여 개발된 동적 섭식경로모델 KORFOOD를 사용하여 침적시점과 침점후 시간에 따른 음식물내 방사성물질의 농도 변화를 고려하였다. 방출점으로부터 80 km까지 피폭선량을 평가한 결과, 오염된 음식물섭취에 의한 영향이 가장 놓았다. 핵종별 기여도는 방사능운에 의한 외부피폭과 호흡에 의한 내부피폭의 경우 I, 침적된 방사성물질에 의한 외부피폭의 경우 Cs에 의한 영향이 가장 높았다. 오염된 음식물섭취에 의한 내부피폭의 경우 Cs은 여름철 침적, Sr은 겨울철 침적에 보다 중요한 영향을 미쳤다. In the case of a severe accident of a nuclear power plant, the whole body does and the relative importance of the radionuclides during the lifetime of an exposed person were estimated for each exposure pathway with distances from the release point. The external exposure pathways due to immersion of radioactive could and deposition of radioactive materials on the ground, and the internal exposure pathways due to inhalation and ingestion of contaminated foodstuffs were estimated considering the variation of radioactive concentration in the foodstuffs according to deposition time and elapsed time after deposition using a dynamic ingestion pathway model applicable to Korean environment, named "KORFOOD". As the results up to 80 km from the release point, the effects due to ingestion of contaminated foodstuffs showed the highest contribution to total exposure does. The contribution of I isotopes was the highest in the case of the external does due to immersion of radioactive cloud and internal does due to inhalation. The contribution of Cs isotopes was highest in the case of the external does due to deposition of radioactive materials on the ground. In the case of the internal does due to ingestion of contaminated foodstuffs, Cs deposition in summer and Sr deposition in winter, respectively, were the most dominant radionuclide to whole body.

원자력 사고 중 핵종의 건·습침적에 따른 농작물 오염 영향

황원태,김은한,서경석,한문희,최용호,이창우 대한방사선 방어학회 2002 방사선방어학회지 Vol.27 No.3

핵종의 지표 침적 모델의 고찰과 함께 방사성물질의 공기중 농도로부터 건침적 뿐 아니라 습침적에 따른 농작물 오염 영향을 분석, 고찰하였다. 이를 위해 방사성물질의 지표 침적량으로부터 농작물의 오염을 평가하는 기존 동적 섭식경로모델을 공기중 농도 또는 지표 침적량으로부터 평가할 수 있도록 개선하였다. 평가결과, 방사성물질의 지표 침적량은 습침적에 의한 영향이 건침적에 의한 영향보다 뚜렷이 높으나, 농작물의 오염정도는 핵종, 강우율 등에 따라 다르게 나타났다. 이러한 현상은 방사성물질의 지표 침적과 농작물에로의 차단중 어느 과정이 농작물 오염에 보다 지배적으로 작용하는가에 기인한다. Combined with deposition model onto the ground of radionuclides, the influence of radioactive contamination to agricultural products was analyzed due to wet deposition as well as dry deposition from radioactive air concentration during a nuclear emergency. The previous dynamic food chain model, in which initial input parameter is only radionuclide concentrations on the ground, was improved for the evaluating of radioactive contamination to agricultural products from either radionuclide concentrations in air or radionuclide concentrations on the ground. As the results, in case of deposition onto the ground, wet deposition was more dominant process than dry deposition. While the contamination levels of agricultural products were dependent on the a variety of factors such as radionuclides and rainfall rate. It means that the contamination levels of agricultural products are determined from which is more dominant process between deposition on the ground and interception onto agricultural plants.

C.V.D. 방법에 의한 Cd_0.78Zn_0.22 S박막 성장과 광전기적 특성연구

유상하,이상렬,홍광준,서상석,김혜숙,전승룡,윤은희,문종대 조선대학교 기초과학연구소 1993 自然科學硏究 Vol.16 No.1

We had grown Cd_0.78Zn_0.22S polycrystal thin films on slide substrate using chemical vapour deposition(CVD) method. We measured X-ray diffraction patterns in order to study Cd_0.78Zn_0.22S polycrystal structure. We studied its band gap using transmission curves and photocurrent and also analyzed photoluminescence using configurational coordinate model. We measured Hall effect·on this sample by Van der Pauw method and studied on carrier density and mobility depending on temperature.

사망 진단서(시체 검안서) 작성의 문제점

김규석,임용수,이중의,서길준,윤여규,어은경,염석란,정연권,이윤성 대한응급의학회 2000 대한응급의학회지 Vol.11 No.4

Background: This study was conducted to analyze the current problems in completing death certificates and to identify the correct method for completing death certificates Methods: We reviewed 262 death certificates in three hospitals from March 1 to April 30, 2000, and 119 death certificates in one hospital from March 1 to 31, 2000. We identified major and minor errors and analyzed and compared them retrospectively. Results: A total of 381 death certificates were reviewed: 59 in Seoul National University Hospital,101 in Ewha Woman's University Hospital, and 102 in Gachon Medical College Hospital, which has no education program for completing death certificates in postgraduate training, and 119 in Samsung Medical Center which has an education program for completing death certificates. 358 certificates(94.0%) had at least one error. There were only 23 death certificates(6.0%) without an error. In 182 cases(47.8%), there was one major error. In 321 death certificates(84.3%), there were more than two errors. A comparison of Samsung Medical Center with the other hospitals showed that the number of total errors was statistically different(p=0.001). Conclusion: There were few death certificates without an error in this study. In a hospital which has postgraduate training in completing death certificates, there are fewer errors than in other hospitals which have no training course. Emergency physicians actually certify many deaths, so they must know the correct method of completing death certificates for statistics on morbidity and mortality.