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A new procedure for load-shortening and -elongation data for progressive collapse method
Downes, Jonathan,Tayyar, Gokhan Tansel,Kvan, Illia,Choung, Joonmo The Society of Naval Architects of Korea 2017 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.9 No.6
Progressive Collapse Method (PCM) has been broadly applied to predict moment-carrying capacity of a hull girder, however accuracy of PCM has not been much studied. Accuracy of PCM is known to be dependent on how Load-Shortening and -Elongation (LSE) curve of a structural units are well predicted. This paper presents a new procedure to determine LSE datum based on box girder Finite Element Analyses (FEAs) instead of using finite element model of stiffened panels. To verify reliability of FEA results, the simple box girder collapse test results are compared with FEA results of same box girders. It reveals one frame-based box girder model is sufficiently accurate in terms of ultimate strengths of the box girders. After extracting LSE data from the box girders, PCM-based moment-carrying capacities are compared with those from FEAs of the box girders. PCM results are found to be equivalent to FEAs in terms of moment-carrying capacity if accurate LSE data are secured. The new procedure is applied to well-known 1/3 scaled frigate full section. Very excellent moment-carrying capacity of frigate hull section is obtained from PCM with LSE data from box girder FEAs.
A new procedure for load-shortening and -elongation data for progressive collapse method
Jonathan Downes,Gökhan Tansel Tayyar,Illia Kvan,정준모 대한조선학회 2017 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.9 No.6
Progressive Collapse Method (PCM) has been broadly applied to predict moment-carrying capacity of a hull girder, however accuracy of PCM has not been much studied. Accuracy of PCM is known to be dependent on how Load-Shortening and -Elongation (LSE) curve of a structural units are well predicted. This paper presents a new procedure to determine LSE datum based on box girder Finite Element Analyses (FEAs) instead of using finite element model of stiffened panels. To verify reliability of FEA results, the simple box girder collapse test results are compared with FEA results of same box girders. It reveals one frame-based box girder model is sufficiently accurate in terms of ultimate strengths of the box girders. After extracting LSE data from the box girders, PCM-based moment-carrying capacities are compared with those from FEAs of the box girders. PCM results are found to be equivalent to FEAs in terms of moment-carrying capacity if accurate LSE data are secured. The new procedure is applied to well-known 1/3 scaled frigate full section. Very excellent moment-carrying capacity of frigate hull section is obtained from PCM with LSE data from box girder FEAs.
LC, Acute : O-055 ; Protection from liver fibrosis by a PPAR agonist
( Keiko Iwaisako ),( Yong Han Paik ),( Michael Haimer ),( Kojiro Taura ),( Yuzo Kodama ),( Claude Sirlin ),( Elizabeth Yu ),( Ruth T Yu ),( Michael Downes ),( Ronald M Evans ),( David A Brenner ),( Be 대한간학회 2012 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2012 No.1
Background: Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor delta (PPAR), a member of the nuclear receptor family, is emerging as a key metabolic regulator with pleiotropic actions on various tissues including fat, skeletal muscle and liver. The aim of our study was to assess the effect of a new and highly selective PPAR agonist KD3010 in experimental mouse models of liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) injections or bile duct ligation (BDL). Methods: Male adult C57/B6 mice were treated daily with vehicle or KD3010 by oral gavage. Liver fibrosis was induced by repeated intraperitoneal injections of CCl4 or BDL. For in vitro study, primary hepatocytes were isolated and incubated with/without KD3010. Results: PPAR agonist KD3010 ameliorates liver injury induced by CCl4 injections. Deposition of extracellular matrix proteins was lower in the KD3010 group as compared to the control group. The hepatoprotective and antifibrotic effect of KD3010 was confirmed in a model of cholestasis-induced liver injury and fibrosis using BDL for three weeks. Primary hepatocytes incubated with KD3010 were protected from serum starvation or CCl4-induced cell death, in part due to reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Conclusions: The PPAR agonist KD3010 has hepatoprotective and antifibrotic effects in animal models of liver fibrosis suggesting a new mechanistic and therapeutic approach in treating patients with chronic liver diseases.
Downs, Nathan,Parisi, Alfio Korean Society of Photoscience 2009 Photochemical & photobiological sciences Vol.8 No.8
Measurements of anatomical UV exposure distribution were made using miniaturized polysulfone dosimeters over a four year period between 2005 and 2008 in Toowoomba, Australia ($28^{\circ}$ S, $152^{\circ}$ E). Anatomical UV exposures were expressed relative to the horizontal plane ambient UV. The UV exposures were compared with existing data detailing the anatomical distribution of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and solar keratoses (SK). Surface UV exposures to unprotected skin surfaces have been presented for each of the face, neck, arm, hand and leg assessing a total of 1453 body sites (2491 measurements). Measured exposures are presented for the human facial region to a resolution of 5 mm. The median anatomical UV expressed relative to the horizontal plane ambient UV for each of the face, neck, forearm, hand and leg regions of the body varied from 26%, 23%, 13%, 30% and 12% respectively in the $0^{\circ}-30^{\circ}$ SZA range; 39%, 36%, 17%, 35% and 23% in the $30^{\circ}-50^{\circ}$ SZA range; and 48%, 59%, 41%, 42% and 47% in the $50^{\circ}-80^{\circ}$. SZA range. Detailed positions of UV exposure measured over the face, neck, arm, hand and leg were more closely related to NMSC incidence data for the face and upper limbs. Further analysis with existing facial BCC and SK density data did not however show a direct relationship with the measured UV exposures highlighting the importance of other factors influencing the causation and localisation of facial NMSC.