Tag식 개방계 장치를 이용한 알콜류의 인화점 및 연소점 측정

하동명,이성진,송영호 한국안전학회 2004 한국안전학회지 Vol.19 No.4

The flash point is one of the most important combustible properties used to determine the potential for the fire and explosion hazards of industrial material and the fire point is the temperature of the flammable liquid at which there will be flaming combustion, sustained 5 seconds in response to the pilot flame. In this study, the flash point and fire point were measured to present raw data of the flammable risk assessment for alcohols, using Tag open-cup apparatus(ASTM D 1310-86). The measured values were compared with the calculated values based on 0.78 times stoichiometric concentration. The values calculated by the proposed equations were in good agreement with the measured values.

밀폐계 측정장치를 이용한 물-노말프로판올 계의 인화점

하동명,최용찬,이성진 한국산업안전학회 2002 한국안전학회지 Vol.17 No.4

The Flash Point is one of the most important combustible properties used to determine the potential for fire and explosion hazards of chemical materials. An accurate knowledge of the flash point is important in developing appropriated preventive and control measures in industrial fire protection. The lower flash points for the Water + n-Propanol systems were measured by using Pensky-Martens closed cup tester. The experimental data were compared with the values calculated by the laws of Raoult and van Laar equation. The calculated values based on the van Laar equation were found to be better than those based on the Raoult's law.

염화탄화수소의 화재 및 폭발 특성치 간의 상관관계

하동명 한국산업안전학회 2002 한국안전학회지 Vol.17 No.4

By using the reference data, the empirical equations which describe the interrelationships of explosion properties and physical properties of n-chlorinated hydrocarbons have been derived. The properties which have been correlated are the lower and upper explosive limits, the stoichiometric coefficients, the heats of combustion, the carbon numbers. Also the new equations using the mathematical and statistical methods for predicting the temperature dependence of lower explosive limits(LEL) of chlorinated hydrocarbons on the basis of the literature data are proposed. The fire and explosion properties calculated by the proposed equations in this research were a good agreement with literature data within a few A.A.P.E.(Average Absolute Percent Error) and A.A.D.(Average Absolute Deviation). From a given explosive properties, by using the proposed equations, it is possible to predict to the fire and explosion characteristics for the other chlorinated hydrocarbons.

액체용액에서 활동도계수 모델의 열역학 및 통계역학적 고찰

하동명 慶熙大學校 材料科學技術硏究所 1991 材料科學技術硏究論集 Vol.4 No.-

Attempts are made to investigate the TPTT(two parameters two terms) equations to estimate the activity-coefficients of chemical solution from the solution thermodynamics and statistical mechanical theory. As the effect of molecular interaction among molecules in the soultion is largely significant, it is found that the TPTT equations in general have difficulties to express various multicomponent systems due to their excessive simplification based on solution theory. It is found that the parameters of the TPTT equations are varying with the concentration of a solution based on statistical mechanical local composition theory. This eventually leads us to seek a better method of estimating phase equilibria properties for non-ideal mixtures.

Cyclohexanone-Cyclohexanol-Phenol系에서의 UNIFAC Parameter 推定 및 Fitting

河東明,朴鍾澈 慶熙大學校 1985 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

Even though a ternary system of cyclohexanone-cyclohexandol - phenol has a significant value in industrial applications, not enough reported references of the thermodynamic properties are available. Attempts are made to estimated necessary parameters for UNIFAC methods which are not vailable in the references. Then applicability or the UNIFAC method for this system is tested by fitting with phase responses. Also results of the fitting of experimental values and estimated values by UNIFAC are compared.

가연성물질의 인화점에 관한 연구 : 용액론에 의한 3성분계의 인화점 예측을 중심으로

하동명,이수경 한국화재소방학회 2001 한국화재소방학회논문지 Vol.15 No.3

인화점은 가연성물질의 화재 및 폭발의 잠재위험성를 결정하는 데 가장 중요한 기초적인 특성치 가운데 하나이다. 인화점의 구분은 혼합용제를 구성하는 가연성액체를 안전하게 취급하기 위해서 매우 중요하다. 모든 인화점 거동의 기초는 증기압과 폭발한계이다. 가연성혼합용제의 인화점은 라울의 법칙, 달톤의 법칙, 르샤틀리에 법칙 그리고 활동도계수 모델을 사용함으로서 계산할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 가연성 3성분계의 하부인화점의 문헌값을 라울의 법칙과 MRSM모델을 의해 계산된 값과 비교하였다. 3성분계의 하부인화점의 자료는 라울의 법칙과 MRSM모델에 의해 예측된 값과 거의 일치하였다. 제시한 방법론에 의해 가연성혼합용제의 인화점 실험자료의 신뢰도를 평가하는 것이 가능하다. The flash points are one of the most important fundamental properties used to determine the potential for fire and explosion hazards of flammable substances. A classification of the flash points is important for the safe handling of flammable liquids which constitute the solvent mixtures. Basic to all flash points behavior are vapor pressure and explosive limits(lower explosive limit and upper explosive limit). The flash points of flammable solvent mixtures can be calculated with the appropriate use of the fundamental laws of Raoult, Dalton, Le Chatelier and activity coefficient models. In this study, the reference values of lower flash points were compared with the calculated values by using Raoult's law and MRSM(modified response surface methodology) model. The lower flash points were in agreement with the predicted by Raoult's law and MRSM model. By means of this methodology, it is possible to evaluate reliability of experimental data of the flash points of the flammable mixtures. Keywords : Flash point, Flammables mixtures, Vapor pressure, Explosive limit, Le Chatelier

가연성물질의 자연발화온도 측정 및 예측 : 메탄올과 에탄올 Methanol and Ethanol

하동명 한국안전학회 2004 한국안전학회지 Vol.19 No.2

Flammable substances are frequently used chemical industry processes. An accurate knowledge of the AITs(Autoignition Temperatures) is important in developing appropriate prevention and control measures in industrial fire protection. The AITs describe the minimum temperature to which a substance must be heated, without the application of a flame or spark, which will cause that substance to ignite. The AITs are dependent upon many factors, namely initial temperature, pressure, volume, fuel/air stoichiometry, catalyst material, concentration of vapor, ignition delay. This study measured relationship between the AITs and the ignition delay times by using ASTM E659-78 apparatus for methanol and ethanol. The A.A.P.E.(Average Absolute Percent Error) and the A.A.D.(Average Absolute Deviation) of the experimental and the calculated delay times by the AITs for methanol were 14.59 and 1.76 respectively. Also the A.A.P.E. and the A.A.D. of the experimental and the calculated delay times by the ATIs for ethanol were 8.33 and 0.88.

파라핀족과 올레핀족 탄화수소 화합물의 폭발상한계의 추산

하동명,이수경 社)韓國火災 ·消防學會 1996 한국화재소방학회논문지 Vol.10 No.2

An estimation methodology, based on statistics and numerical method, has been developed for estimating the upper explosive limits(UEL) of paraffinic and olefinic hydrocarbon compounds. With proposed method, the UEL has been calculated for 24 paraffinic and 10 olefinic hydrocarbon compounds. The estimated the UEL agree with the experimental values within a few percent. A comparisons with four other methods avaiable in the literature are also presented. It is hoped eventually that this method will permit estimation of the UEL with improved accuracy and broader application for other compounds.

최소발화에너지와 온도의 관계

하동명 (社團法人)韓國火災·消防學會 1997 한국화재소방학회논문지 Vol.11 No.2

열량과 열발화이론의 개념을 근거로 최소발화에너지의 온도의존성에 대한 이론적 고찰을 시도하였다. 이 이론적 근거를 바탕으로 통계학적 및 수학적 방법을 기초로 하여 온도 변화에 의한 최소발화에너지를 예측하는 식을 제시하였다. 본 연구에서 제시한 방법론에 의해 탄화수소인 프로판과 노말펜탄에 적용한 결과 제시한 예측식과 문헌값이 거의 일치함을 알 수 있다. Attempts are being made to investigate temperatures dependence of minimum ignition energy(MIE) based on concept of quantity of heat and thermal ignition theory. Regression equations for predicting MIE by means of temperature variations on the basis of statistical and mathematical methods are proposed. This study is undertaken to learn what proposed method is satisfactory hydrocarbons (propane and pentane). The proposed method has been tested and compared sucessfully with previously reported data in various journal.

원자기여법에 근거한 유기 할로겐 화합물의 순연소열 예측

Ha,Dong-Myeong,Lee,Sung-Jin 한국화재소방학회 2003 한국화재소방학회논문지 Vol.17 No.4

연소열은 인화성 물질의 화재<TEX>$.$</TEX>폭발 위험성을 결정하는 주요한 물성치이다. 할로겐화 유기화합물의 순연소열을 예측하기 위해서, 원자기여법에 기반을 둔 경험식들이 개발되어 왔다. 본 연구에 개발된 경험식을 Cardozo와 Hanley의 경험식들과 비교해 보았다. A.A.D.를 보면 알 수 있듯이 본 연구에서 제안된 경험식으로 계산된 값이 실험값에 가장 근접해 있음을 확인하였다. 따라서, 본 연구에서 제안된 경험식은 여타 할로겐화 유기화합물의 연소열을 예측하는데 도움을 줄 것으로 사료된다. The heat of combustion is one of the major physical properties used to determine the fire and explosion hazards of the flammable substances. Empirical equations have been developed to pre-dict the net heats of combustion of organic halogenated compounds based on the atomic contribution method. The method developed in this study was compared with Cardozo's method and Hanley's method. As can be seen from the average absolute deviation(A.A.D.), the proposed equation was found to be best. The proposed equation may serve as an estimation scheme for the heats of combustion of the other organic halogenated compounds.