PECVD로 제작한 수소화된 비정질 탄소(a-C:H) 박막의 화학결합 구조에 관한 연구

노지연,이석호,오동선,박혁렬,김영산 木浦大學校基礎科學硏究所 1997 基礎科學硏究誌 Vol.15 No.-

Hydrogenated amorphous carbon(a-C:H) films were prepared by PECVD(Plasma enhanced-chemical vapor deposition) method. The films were characterized using various spectroscopic measurements such as Raman scattering, FTIR(Fourier transform infrared) absorption spectroscopy. FRIR absorption reflects only the optically active hydrogen in the a-C:H and, using it together with Raman spectroscopy. The spectral analysis indicated that changes in Raman spectroscopy intensity occurring with increasing substrate temperature 50℃~300℃ were determined to be caused by changes in optically resonant components in the films. Furthermore, a significant correlation was the two crystalline forms of carbon-graphite and -diamond consist of sp² and sp³ bonds, respectively. Significant changes in chemical bonding(sp²/sp³) and micro-structure of hydrogenated amorphous carbon thin films occur as the substrate temperature varies from 50 to 300℃ during.

족저 근막염에 적용된 치료적 스포츠마사지의 효과

정동혁,김연수,송윤희 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.3

Plantar fasciitis is a repetitive microtrauma overload injury of the attachment of the plantar fascia at the inferior aspect of the calcaneus. The diagnosis of plantar fasciitis is common among athletes in many sports, primarily those sports that involve running. Common treatments for plantar fasciitis, including ice, stretching, ultrasound, and shoe inserts are helpful in reducing the symptoms. However, recurrence of the problem is common. By understanding the potential biomechanical causes of this disorder it may be possible to correct the anatomical and biomechanical variables that cause plantar fasciitis and reduce the rate of recurrence as well as speed the rehabilitation process. It may also be possible to identify predisposing maladaptations that can be corrected, therefore, preventing the initial occurrence of plantar fasciitis. The purpose of this study is to find out the effects of the therapeutic sports massage(TSM) applied to the patients with plantar fasciitis by measuring, assessing and analyzing the changes in intensity and unpleasantness of muscle pains before and after TSM. In the therapeutic sports massage program, such methods as effleurage, petrissage and deep transverse friction were selected as traditional massage treatments frequently used for muscles with pain and spasticity. After TSM, the McGill pain questionnaire word list(MPQWL), verbal rating scale(VRS), visual analogue scale(VAS) were used to measure the degree of the pain on the patients. The major findings from this study are as follows; 1. There was significant decrease in the numerical values of VAS, VRS and MPQWL after TSM(p<.05). 2. There was significant decrease in the intensity and unpleasantness of pains after TSM(p<.05). 3. From the analysis into chronological changes in the intensity and unpleasantness of pains before and after TSM with ANOVA, it became evident that the longer the period of treatment was, the higher the pains decreases drastically, while significant difference was shown in the intensity and unpleasantness of pains(p<.05). Summed up, it can be generally concluded that TSM is an effective treatment to rid the patients with plantar fasciitis of pains safely and promptly.

과수 조류피해 방지에 관한 연구

김영호,윤철구,임상철,손인창,박재혁,김동환,김선규 충북대학교 한국과학재단 지정 첨단원예기술개발 연구센터 2002 연구보고서 Vol.6 No.-

새로운 저비용 고효율 조류 피해 방지법의 개발을 위한 기초자료를 얻기 위하여, 현재 사과, 배 과수원에서 사용되고 있는 조류피해 방지 방법들의 정확한 효과를 서로 비교 검토하고, 아울러 충북지역 과수 재배 농가들을 대상으로 유해조류에 의한 피해 실태와 경제성 있는 조류 피해방지 방법에 대한 설문조사를 병행 실시한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 조류피해는 방조망 설치에 의해서만 완전히 방지할 수 있었으며, 조류 피해율별 손익계산 결과를 참고하여 이익이 있을 때는 표준방조망을 설치하고, 그렇지 않을 경우에는 설치비가 저렴하며 농가에서 간단히 시공할 수 있는 간이방조망 설치가 더 경제적인 것으로 판단되었다. 도내 과수 농가의 조류피해는 지역 간에 큰 차이가 있었으며, 음향적 방제인 버드가드와 보호봉지인 망사봉지에 의한 방제가 가장 효과적이었다. 그러나 버드가드는 높은 설치비용이 문제되므로, 퇴치 효과가 비슷하거나 더 우수하면서 저렴한 한국식 음향 기구를 개발할 필요가 있는 것으로 판단되었다. 보호봉지인 UV 봉지와 플라스틱 보호캡 및 망사봉지 처리는 품종에 관계없이 피해를 현저하게 감소시켰으나, 과실의 착색 등 품질에 미치는 영향에 대해서 추가적인 연구와 검토가 필요한 것으로 생각되었다. To obtain basic data for low cost-high efficiency control methods for bird damage, the available control methods currently in use mostly in Chungbuk Province were tested on site, and the control efficiency was compared. Also, a comprehensive survey of actual bird damage and the control methods on model apple and pear growers in Chungbuk Province was conducted. The results are summarized as follows. The perfect control for bird damage was possible only through bird net, it was recommended that profit-and loss account must be considered before installing bird net, and when the 'standard bird net' does not come up to break-even point, more economic and convenient 'simplified bird net' should be a alternative. Actual extent of bird damage varied according to the locality, and imported acoustic apparatus BirdGard^R, development of our own system with superior or same quality and reasonable price is necessary. Fruit bags such as UV bags, plastic protective caps, and net bags were highly effective for bird damage control, irrespective of fruit species and cultivar, but further study to resolve some problems such as poor coloration caused by bagging is necessary.

수입각증후군에 의한 급성 복증 1례

정은욱,지삼룡,이영태,박지훈,김동기,제인수,채두근,박성재,박은택,이연재,이상혁,설상영,정정명 白中央醫療院 2005 仁濟醫學 Vol.26 No.1

Afferent loop syndrome is an uncommon complication of a gastrectomy and Billroth Ⅱ reconstruction. It may cause symtoms at any time from the first postoperative day to many years after the gastrectomy. Afferent loop syndrome is characterized by abdominal pain, vomiting and elevation of serum amylase. Thus, it is difficult to differentiate afferent loop syndrome from other cause of acute pancreatitis. However, the history of gastrectomy can be an important clue for diagnosing afferent loop syndrome. We experienced one case of chronic afferent loop syndrome with acute pancreatitis. After appropriate management, the abdominal pain disappeared and serum amylase level decreased. We report this case with a review of relevant literatures.

Increased mitochondrial dysfunction associated with autophagy and mitophagy in cerebrospinal fluid cells following SAH in patients with DCI

Dong Hyuk Youn,Sung Woo Han,Seung Hyuk Lim,Tae Yeon Kim,Bong Jun Kim,Youngmi Kim,Jin Pyeong Jeon 한국실험동물학회 2021 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.7

Reduced of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) in human cerebrospinal fluid (hCSF) was observed in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) with delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI). However, the underlyin mechanism of mitochondrial dysfunction on subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) with delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) has not been precisely elucidated yet. In this study, we examined the possibility of the mitochondrial dysfunction cause by autophagy and mitophagy in hCSF cells for possible insight into DCI pathogenesis. We collected CSF sample on 5 to 7 days from the 56 SAH patients (DCI, n=21; and non-DCI, n=35) treated with coil embolization. hCSF cells were analyzed using autophagy and mitophagy specific markers (DAPK1, BNIP3L, BAX, PINK1, ULK1, and NDP52) via qRT-PCR and western blotting of protein markers (pBECN1, BECN1, BNIP3L/NIX, DAPK1, PINK1, LC3, and P62). Compared with non-DCI, patients with DCI exhibited an significant induction of autophagic flux with accumulation of autophagic vacuoles, as increased mRNA expression level of degradated BECN1, LC3-II, and p62. mRNA expression (2-ΔCt) was significantly increased in DCI compared with non-DCI : DAPK1, 0.279 (0.220-0.297) in DCI vs. 0.043 (0.021-0.086) in non-DCI (p=0.001); BNIP3L, 0.134 (0.060-0.202) in DCI vs. 0.045 (0.020-0.101) in non- DCI (p=0.006); and PINK1, 0.064 (0.044–0.810) in DCI vs. 0.045 (0.012–0.063) in non-DCI (p=0.012). Confocal microscopy analysis was showed a colocalization with autophagy and mitophagy marker (DAPK1, BNIP3L/NIX, PINK1,and BECN1) for dysfunctional mitochondria in vWF-positive CSF cells. Further performed immunogold electron microscopy with anti- DAPK1 to confirm the localization of DAPK1 in CSF cells. Interestingly, DAPK1 was observed in damaged mitochondria. As a results, DCI pathogenesis was closely related to increase dysfunctional mitochondria caused by autophagy and mitophagy.

Bioinformatics Analysis of Autophagy and Mitophagy Markers Associated with Delayed Cerebral Ischemia Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Dong Hyuk Youn,Bong Jun Kim,Eun Pyo Hong,Jin Pyeong Jeon 대한신경외과학회 2022 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.65 No.2

Objective : To evaluate the interactions among differentially expressed autophagy and mitophagy markers in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) patients with delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI). Methods : The expression data of autophagy and mitophagy-related makers in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cells was analyzed by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. The markers included death-associated protein kinase (DAPK)-1, BCL2 interacting protein 3 like (BNIP3L), Bcl-1 antagonist X, phosphatase and tensin homolog-induced kinase (PINK), Unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1, nuclear dot protein 52, and p62. In silico functional analyses including gene ontology enrichment and the protein-protein interaction network were performed. Results : A total of 56 SAH patients were included and 22 (38.6%) of them experienced DCI. The DCI patients had significantly increased mRNA levels of DAPK1, BNIP3L, and PINK1, and increased expression of BECN1 compared to the non-DCI patients. The most enriched biological process was the positive regulation of autophagy, followed by the response to mitochondrial depolarization. The molecular functions ubiquitin-like protein ligase binding and ubiquitin-protein ligase binding were enriched. In the cluster of cellular components, Lewy bodies and the phagophore assembly site were enriched. BECN1 was the most connected gene among the differentially expressed markers related to autophagy and mitophagy in the development of DCI. Conclusion : Our study may provide novel insight into mitochondrial dysfunction in DCI pathogenesis.

The Therapeutic Role of Nanoparticle Shape in Traumatic Brain Injury : An in vitro Comparative Study

Dong Hyuk Youn,Harry Jung,Ngoc Minh Tran,Jin Pyeong Jeon,Hyojong Yoo 대한신경외과학회 2022 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.65 No.2

Objective : To perform a comparative analysis of therapeutic effects associated with two different shapes of ceria nanoparticles, ceria nanorods (Ceria NRs) and ceria nanospheres (Ceria NSs), in an in vitro model of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods : In vitro TBI was induced using six-well confluent plates by manually scratching with a sterile pipette tip in a 6×6-square grid. The cells were then incubated and classified into cells with scratch injury without nanoparticles and cells with scratch injury, which were treated separately with 1.16 mM of Ceria NSs and Ceria NRs. Antioxidant activities and anti-inflammatory effects were analyzed. Results : Ceria NRs and Ceria NSs significantly reduced the level of reactive oxygen species compared with the control group of SH-SY5Y cells treated with Dulbecco’s phosphate-buffered saline. The mRNA expression of superoxide dismutases was also reduced in nanoparticle-treated SH-SY5Y cells, but apparently the degree of mRNA expression decrease was not dependent on the nanoparticle shape. Exposure to ceria nanoparticles also decreased the cyclooxygenase-2 expression, especially prominent in Ceria NR-treated group than that in Ceria NS-treated group. Conclusion : Ceria nanoparticles exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in TBI models in vitro. Ceria NRs had better antiinflammatory effect than Ceria NSs, but showed similar antioxidant activity.

The role of extracellular mitochondria in CSF on delayed cerebral ischemia with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage

Dong Hyuk Youn,Bong Jun Kim,Youngmi Kim,Jin Pyeong Jeon 한국실험동물학회 2019 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2019 No.7

The effect of improve outcome after mild traumatic brain injury shape-dependent of cerium oxide nanoparticles

Dong Hyuk Youn,Seung Hyuk Lim,Sung Woo Han,Tae Yeon Kim,Bong Jun Kim,Youngmi Kim,Jin Pyeong Jeon 한국실험동물학회 2021 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.7

The shape of nanoparticles were related to catalytic performance, which can lead to different therapeutic effect. In this study, we examined and compared outcomes in in vivo mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) mouse model between Ceria NSs (CeO2 NSs; ceria nanospheres) and Ceria NRs (CeO2 NRs; ceria nanorods). In vivo mTBI was established in a mouse model of open-head injury via stereotaxic impactor. Outcomes including neuroprotective effect, cognitive function, and cerebral edema were analyzed after retro-orbital (RO) injection of a dose of 11.6 mM of CeO2 NSs and CeO2 NRs. Compared with nontreated control group, ceria nanoparticles group exhibited significant reduction of FJB- and TUNEL-positive cells, and restoration of mRNA expression of SOD1 and SOD2, and reduced of COX-2 expression. Comparing the two cerium oxide nanoparticles, less stable and high-energy (100) and (110) planes, which could provide more active sites, are predominantly exposed for CeO2 NRs. The Ce3+/Ce4+ molar ratio of CeO2 NRs (0.40) is greater than that of CeO2 NSs (0.27). CeO2 NRs (0.059 ± 0.021) showed an anti-inflammatory effect than CeO2 NSs (0.133 ± 0.024), but there was no statistically difference (p=0.190). Cerium oxide nanoparticles also improved the cognitive impairment following mTBI than control group, but the effect was not significantly different according to nano-shapes. On the other hand, CeO2 NRs (70.1 ± 0.5%) significantly reduced brain water content than CeO2 NSs (73.7 ± 0.4%; p=0.0015), indicating a more effective reduction of brain edema (p=0.0015). Ceria NRs had better effects on reducing cerebral edema in vivo mTBI compared with Ceria NSs, but the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were not significantly different between the two groups.

Effect of Homo or Heterofermentative Inoculants on Fermentation Characteristics and Aerobic Stability of Rye Silage

Dong Hyeon Kim,Seong Shin Lee,Dimas H. V. Paradipta,Young Ho Joo,Hyuk Jun Lee,Youn Sig Kwak,Ouk Kyu Han,Sam Churl Kim 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2017 농업생명과학연구 Vol.51 No.5

This study was conducted to estimate the effect of home or hetero fermentative lactic acid bacteria(LAB) on chemical composition, fermentation quality, and aerobic stability of rye silage. Rye forage was harvested at dough stage(28.9% of dry matter), chopped to 3-5 cm length, and divided into 4 piles for different inoculations as treatment, following 1) No additives(CON); 2) Lactobacillus plantarum at rate of 1.5 x 105 cfu/g of fresh forage(LP); 3) L. buchneri at rate of 1.2 x 105 cfu/g of fresh forage(LB); and 4) Mixture of LP and LB at 1:1 ratio(MIX). Rye silage was ensiled into 20 L bucket silo in quadruplicate for 0, 1, 4, 7, and 100 day periods. After 100 days of ensiling, the silage treated with LB had lower acid detergent fiber content(p<0.05), but higher in vitro dry matter digestibility(p<0.05). The LB and MIX reduced (p<0.05) pH more rapidly than CON and LP across the ensiling days, but had no difference on 100 days. Silage treated LP had lowest(p<0.05) acetic acid, but highest(p<0.05) propionic acid. In contrast, LB treated silage had highest(p<0.05) acetic acid, but lowest(p<0.05) propionic acid with the absence of butyric acid. On microbial count, LP treated silage had lowest(p<0.05) LAB, yeast, and aerobic stability, whereas LB and MIX treated silages had highest(p<0.05). Mold was not detected across all silages. Therefore, it could be concluded that heterofermentative LAB solely or combo with homofermentative LAB might improve in vitro dry matter digestibility, fermentation characteristics, and aerobic stability of rye silage harvested at dough stage.