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Free vibrations analysis of arbitrary three-dimensionally FGM nanoplates
Dehshahri, Kasra,Nejad, Mohammad Zamani,Ziaee, Sima,Niknejad, Abbas,Hadi, Amin Techno-Press 2020 Advances in nano research Vol.8 No.2
In this paper, the free vibrations analysis of the nanoplates made of three-directional functionally graded material (TDFGM) with small scale effects is presented. To study the small-scale effects on natural frequency, modified strain gradient theory (MSGT) has been used. Material properties of the nanoplate follow an arbitrary function that changes in three directions along the length, width and thickness of the plate. The equilibrium equations and boundary conditions of nanoplate are obtained using the Hamilton's principle. The generalized differential quadrature method (GDQM) is used to solve the governing equations and different boundary conditions for obtaining the natural frequency of nanoplate made of three-directional functionally graded material. The present model can be transformed into a couple stress plate model or a classic plate model if two or all parameters of the length scales set to zero. Finally, numerical results are presented to study the small-scale effect and heterogeneity constants and the aspect ratio with different boundary conditions on the free vibrations of nanoplates. To the best of the researchers' knowledge, in the literature, there is no study carried out into MSGT for free vibration analysis of FGM nanoplate with arbitrary functions.
Ali Dehshahri,Samira Hossaini Alhashemi,Akram Jamshidzadeh,Zahra Sabahi,Soliman Mohammadi Samani,Hossein Sadeghpour,Erfaneh Mohazabieh,Mahin Fadaei 한국고분자학회 2013 Macromolecular Research Vol.21 No.12
Interleukin-12 (IL-12) has been proposed for cancer immunotherapy due to its versatile antitumor and antiangiogenesis effects. Although cancer immunotherapy through systemic administration of IL-12 has shown antitumor effects in tumor-bearing mice, broad application of recombinant IL-12 protein has been limited by its cytotoxicity. Therefore, the use of various polycationic polymers such as polyethylenimine (PEI), polyamidoamine (PAMAM) and chitosan has been considered as an effective strategy to transfer plasmid encoding IL-12 gene into cells. In this investigation, polyplexes (polymer/pDNA complexes) were prepared using PEI, PAMAM and chitosan at different N/P ratios and their ability in transferring plasmid encoding IL-12 gene was evaluated. Furthermore,these polyplexes were characterized and compared with regarding their cytotoxicity, DNA condensation ability, particle size, zeta potential, buffering capacity and pDNA protection against enzyme degradation. The results revealed that the polyplexes formulated with 25 kDa PEI and chitosan had the highest transfection efficiencies. The highest level of IL-12 gene expression was achieved by the nanoparticles prepared by 25 kDa PEI where they could increase the level of gene expression up to 12 times compared to that of naked plasmid encoding IL-12 gene. These results suggest that 25 kDa PEI and chitosan are the best candidates for adding targeting ligands into their structures in order to create a liver targeting gene delivery system.