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Eun Ju Cho,Christen Y.L. Yuen,Byung-Ho Kang,Christine A. Ondzighi,L. Andrew Staehelin,David A. Christopher 한국분자세포생물학회 2011 Molecules and cells Vol.32 No.5
Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) is a thiodisulfide oxidoreductase that catalyzes the formation, reduction and rearrangement of disulfide bonds in proteins of eukaryotes. The classical PDI has a signal peptide, two CXXCcontaining thioredoxin catalytic sites (a,a′), two noncatalytic thioredoxin fold domains (b,b′), an acidic domain (c)and a C-terminal endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention signal. Although PDI resides in the ER where it mediates the folding of nascent polypeptides of the secretory pathway,we recently showed that PDI5 of Arabidopsis thaliana chaperones and inhibits cysteine proteases during trafficking to vacuoles prior to programmed cell death of the endothelium in developing seeds. Here we describe Arabidopsis PDI2, which shares a primary structure similar to that of classical PDI. Recombinant PDI2 is imported into ER-derived microsomes and complements the E. coli protein-folding mutant, dsbA. PDI2 interacted with proteins in both the ER and nucleus, including ER-resident protein folding chaperone, BiP1, and nuclear embryo transcription factor, MEE8. The PDI2-MEE8 interaction was confirmed to occur in vitro and in vivo. Transient expression of PDI2-GFP fusions in mesophyll protoplasts resulted in labeling of the ER, nucleus and vacuole. PDI2 is expressed in multiple tissues, with relatively high expression in seeds and root tips. Immunoelectron microscopy with GFP- and PDI2-specific antisera on transgenic seeds (PDI2-GFP) and wild type roots demonstrated that PDI2 was found in the secretory pathway (ER, Golgi, vacuole, cell wall) and the nuclei. Our results indicate that PDI2 mediates protein folding in the ER and has new functional roles in the nucleus.
Polyporous Metal-Coordination Frameworks
Gassensmith, Jeremiah J.,Smaldone, Ronald A.,Forgan, Ross S.,Wilmer, Christopher E.,Cordes, David B.,Botros, Youssry Y.,Slawin, Alexandra M. Z.,Snurr, Randall Q.,Stoddart, J. Fraser American Chemical Society 2012 ORGANIC LETTERS Vol.14 No.6
<P>Starting from a chiral building block?α-cyclodextrin?and rubidium salts, the crystallization of a complex of chiral helices, which constitute a “green” porous coordination polymer, has been realized. Cyclodextrin molecules coordinated by rubidium ions form porous, infinitely long left-handed helical channels, interdigitated with each other. A theoretical examination of the potential of this new material to act as a medium for chiral separation is presented.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/orlef7/2012/orlef7.2012.14.issue-6/ol300199a/production/images/medium/ol-2012-00199a_0006.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ol300199a'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Zhu, Ping,Baek, Sung Hee,Bourk, Eliot M.,Ohgi, Kenneth A.,Garcia-Bassets, Ivan,Sanjo, Hideki,Akira, Shizuo,Kotol, Paul F.,Glass, Christopher K.,Rosenfeld, Michael G.,Rose, David W. Elsevier 2006 Cell Vol.124 No.3
<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>Defining the precise molecular strategies that coordinate patterns of transcriptional responses to specific signals is central for understanding normal development and homeostasis as well as the pathogenesis of hormone-dependent cancers. Here we report specific prostate cancer cell/macrophage interactions that mediate a switch in function of selective androgen receptor antagonists/modulators (SARMs) from repression to activation in vivo. This is based on an evolutionarily conserved receptor N-terminal L/HX<SUB>7</SUB>LL motif, selectively present in sex steroid receptors, that causes recruitment of TAB2 as a component of an N-CoR corepressor complex. TAB2 acts as a sensor for inflammatory signals by serving as a molecular beacon for recruitment of MEKK1, which in turn mediates dismissal of the N-CoR/HDAC complex and permits derepression of androgen and estrogen receptor target genes. Surprisingly, this conserved sensor strategy may have arisen to mediate reversal of sex steroid-dependent repression of a limited cohort of target genes in response to inflammatory signals, linking inflammatory and nuclear receptor ligand responses to essential reproductive functions.</P>
SYNTHESIS OF FULLEROPYRROLIDINE PYRIDINIUM SALTS BY FACILE ANION EXCHANGE AND THEIR SOLUBILITY
CHRISTOPHER M. TOLLAN,JOSE A. POMPOSO,DAVID MECERREYES 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2009 NANO Vol.4 No.5
Several ionic fullerene salts have been prepared based on a fulleropyrrolidine pyridinium cation and four different anions. The initial ionic fullerene can be easily prepared by quaternization of a pyridine-appended fulleropyrrolidine derivative in high yield. Anion exchange is a simple procedure giving several different salts of varying polarity. In addition to their characterization, the quantitative solubility of these salts has been studied in seven different solvents, including an imidazolium ionic liquid.
David J. Seiffge,Christopher Traenka,Alexandros A. Polymeris,Sebastian Thilemann,Benjamin Wagner,Lisa Hert,Mandy D. Müller,Henrik Gensicke,Nils Peters,Christian H. Nickel,Christoph Stippich,Raoul Sutt 대한뇌졸중학회 2017 Journal of stroke Vol.19 No.3
Background and Purpose Standard operating procedures (SOP) incorporating plasma levels of rivaroxaban might be helpful in selecting patients with acute ischemic stroke taking rivaroxaban suitable for IVthrombolysis(IVT) or endovascular treatment (EVT). Methods This was a single-center explorative analysis using data from the Novel-Oral-Anticoagulants-in-Stroke-Patients-registry (clinicaltrials.gov:NCT02353585) including acute stroke patients taking rivaroxaban(September 2012 to November 2016). The SOP included recommendation, consideration, and avoidance of IVT if rivaroxaban plasma levels were <20 ng/mL, 20‒100 ng/mL, and >100 ng/mL, respectively, measured with a calibrated anti-factor Xa assay. Patients with intracranial artery occlusion were recommended IVT+EVT or EVT alone if plasma levels were ≤100 ng/mL or >100 ng/mL, respectively. We evaluated the frequency of IVT/EVT, door-to-needle-time (DNT), and symptomatic intracranial or major extracranial hemorrhage. Results Among 114 acute stroke patients taking rivaroxaban, 68 were otherwise eligible for IVT/EVT of whom 63 had plasma levels measured (median age 81 years, median baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale 6). Median rivaroxaban plasma level was 96 ng/mL (inter quartile range [IQR] 18‒259 ng/mL) and time since last intake 11 hours (IQR 4.5‒18.5 hours). Twenty-two patients (35%) received IVT/EVT (IVT n=15, IVT+EVT n=3, EVT n=4) based on SOP. Median DNT was 37 (IQR 30‒60) minutes. None of the 31 patients with plasma levels >100ng/mL received IVT. Among 14 patients with plasma levels ≤100 ng/mL, the main reason to withhold IVT was minor stroke (n=10). No symptomatic intracranial or major extracranial bleeding occurred after treatment. Conclusions Determination of rivaroxaban plasma levels enabled IVT or EVT in one-third of patients taking rivaroxaban who would otherwise be ineligible for acute treatment. The absence of major bleeding in our pilot series justifies future studies of this approach.
Biocatalytic Synthesis of Pikromycin, Methymycin, Neomethymycin, Novamethymycin, and Ketomethymycin
Hansen, Douglas A.,Rath, Christopher M.,Eisman, Eli B.,Narayan, Alison R. H.,Kittendorf, Jeffrey D.,Mortison, Jonathan D.,Yoon, Yeo Joon,Sherman, David H. American Chemical Society 2013 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.135 No.30
<P>A biocatalytic platform that employs the final two monomodular type I polyketide synthases of the pikromycin pathway in vitro followed by direct appendage of <SMALL>d</SMALL>-desosamine and final C–H oxidation(s) in vivo was developed and applied toward the synthesis of a suite of 12- and 14-membered ring macrolide natural products. This methodology delivered both compound classes in 13 steps (longest linear sequence) from commercially available (<I>R</I>)-Roche ester in >10% overall yields.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jacsat/2013/jacsat.2013.135.issue-30/ja404134f/production/images/medium/ja-2013-04134f_0008.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ja404134f'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Cyclic Lipopeptide Profile of Three Bacillus subtilis Strains; Antagonists of Fusarium Head Blight
Christopher A. Dunlap,David A. Schisler,Neil P. Price,Steven F. Vaughn 한국미생물학회 2011 The journal of microbiology Vol.49 No.4
The objective of the study was to identify the lipopetides associated with three Bacillus subtilis strains. The strains are antagonists of Gibberella zeae, and have been shown to be effective in reducing Fusarium head blight in wheat. The lipopeptide profile of three B. subtilis strains (AS43.3, AS43.4, and OH131.1)was determined using mass spectroscopy. Strains AS43.3 and AS43.4 produced the anti-fungal lipopeptides from the iturin and fengycin family during the stationary growth phase. All three strains produced the lipopeptide surfactin at different growth times. Strain OH131.1 only produced surfactin under these conditions. The antifungal activity of the culture supernatant and individual lipopeptides was determined by the inhibition of G. zeae. Cell-free supernatant from strains AS43.3 and AS43.4 demonstrated strong antibiosis of G. zeae,while strain OH131.1 had no antibiosis activity. These results suggest a different mechanism of antagonism for strain OH131.1, relative to AS43.3 and AS43.4.
Christopher J Smallwood,Jason D Gillman,Arnold M Saxton,Hem S Bhandari,Phillip A Wadl,Benjamin D Fallen,David L Hyten,Qijian Song,Vincent R Pantalone 한국작물학회 2017 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.20 No.4
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] yield and seed fatty acids, protein, and oil content are important traits for which an improved understanding of significant genomic regions would be useful. To accomplish this, a soybean population consisting of 203 F5 derived recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was developed and genotyped with 11,633 polymorphic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Each RIL was grown in a single plot at Knoxville, TN in 2010; followed by replicated, multi-location field trials in 2013 and 2014. The data from 2010, 2013, and 2014 were analyzed together in order to detect quantitative trait loci (QTL) for these traits, and 30 total QTLs were detected. Five QTLs are candidates for confirmed status and one QTL is a candidate for positional confirmation. Many of the genes with mutations in close proximity to the fatty acid QTLs are involved in biological processes for fatty acids and/or lipids and could be considered possible candidate genes. Similarly, genes with mutations in genomic regions near yield, protein, and oil QTLs were plentiful and may contribute to the variation observed in these traits. Except for yield and stearic acid, each trait displayed pleiotropic effects with other traits in this study. Notable are the pleiotropic effects for oleic and linolenic acid on chromosomes 9, 13, and 19. Overall, the findings from this research contribute new information to the genetic understanding of soybean yield and seed fatty acids, protein and oil content. This understanding will be useful in making trait improvements.
The OncoArray Consortium: A Network for Understanding the Genetic Architecture of Common Cancers
Amos, Christopher I.,Dennis, Joe,Wang, Zhaoming,Byun, Jinyoung,Schumacher, Fredrick R.,Gayther, Simon A.,Casey, Graham,Hunter, David J.,Sellers, Thomas A.,Gruber, Stephen B.,Dunning, Alison M.,Michail American Association for Cancer Research 2017 Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention Vol.26 No.1
<P>Impact: Ongoing analyses will shed light on etiology and risk assessment for many types of cancer. (C)2016 AACR.</P>
Electroactive Nanoporous Metal Oxides and Chalcogenides by Chemical Design
Hendon, Christopher H.,Butler, Keith T.,Ganose, Alex M.,Romá,n-Leshkov, Yuriy,Scanlon, David O.,Ozin, Geoffrey A.,Walsh, Aron American Chemical Society 2017 Chemistry of materials Vol.29 No.8
<P/><P>The archetypal silica- and aluminosilicate-based zeolite-type materials are renowned for wide-ranging applications in heterogeneous catalysis, gas-separation and ion-exchange. Their compositional space can be expanded to include nanoporous metal chalcogenides, exemplified by germanium and tin sulfides and selenides. By comparison with the properties of bulk metal dichalcogenides and their 2D derivatives, these open-framework analogues may be viewed as three-dimensional semiconductors filled with nanometer voids. Applications exist in a range of molecule size and shape discriminating devices. However, what is the electronic structure of nanoporous metal chalcogenides? Herein, materials modeling is used to describe the properties of a homologous series of nanoporous metal chalcogenides denoted np-MX<SUB>2</SUB>, where M = Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, and X = O, S, Se, Te, with Sodalite, LTA and aluminum chromium phosphate-1 structure types. Depending on the choice of metal and anion their properties can be tuned from insulators to semiconductors to metals with additional modification achieved through doping, solid solutions, and inclusion (with fullerene, quantum dots, and hole transport materials). These systems form the basis of a new branch of semiconductor nanochemistry in three dimensions.</P>