A Study on Korean Products Distribution through Overseas Purchasing in China

Dai,Wen-Qian,Lee,Jong-Ho 한국유통과학회 2019 KODISA ICBE (International Conference on Business Vol.2019 No.-

Nowadays, Korean products are prevailing all over the world. Especially in China they including cosmetics, clothes, etc. are very popular. But because of THAAD, China s people can t go or travel to Korea. Instead of travelling Korea, they usually make use of overseas direct purchasing with the booming in current online shopping. Ironically, in spite of bad conditions, they used to buy Korean cosmetics by way of overseas purchasing . Therefore the revenue on Korean cosmetics is growing up more and more. According to the results, first, the security, convenience and information provided by the overseas direct purchase have already had a positive impact on the satisfaction. Second, the quality of the delivery service is composed of four factors: rapidity, reliability, intimacy and correctness. third, the research results indicate that the satisfaction level has a positive impact on the re-purchase intention.

판소리와 敍事巫歌의 對比硏究

徐大錫 이화여자대학교 한국문화연구원 1979 韓國文化硏究院 論叢 Vol.34 No.-

Both 'Pansori' and Korean Shamanistic Narrative Songs (SNS) share a common point " in that they are both forms of' oral narrative verse. However the former has been transmitted by professional singers, or 'Kwang Dai" and the latter, by Korean Shamans through their rituals. This study compared and contrasted 'Pansori' with SNS based upon the following four view points: 1. The characteristics of literary genre 2. The form of oral performance 3. The structure of the script 4. The composition style of the script The results of the study are as follows : 1. Pansori is a form of musical art which uses musical tones corresponding to a song's literary contents and SNS is the same in that sense. But in SNS, the verbal content play a major role which the musical tones and feelings play a relatively minor role. 2. SNS has two forms of oral performance, the recitative type and musical play (singing)type, similar to that of Pansori'. The early form of oral performance of 'Pansori' was similar to the recitative type. It seems that development has been made from recitative to musical play (singing)similar to that of SNS history. SNS has originated from shamanistic myths. The recitative type has been used to call the spirit of god in the rituals. The recitative type, however, has been decreasing as the worship for the Shamanistic god decreased. To singing type, in the meantime, has become increasingly popular. 3. In 'Pansori' both ordinary speech and singing are used interchangeable. Originally, the recitative performance was a proper form of oral performance bur the present varieties have been developed to entertain the audience. The musical play of SNS uses the same technique as does 'Pasori'. 4. 'Pansori' sings 'kwang Dai' composed the oral text using ready made literary units such as folksongs, magic formulas, and others as did the shamans. Singers had to depend upon their memory and verbally improvised new items, The principle of composition of Korean Oral Narrative Verse seems identical to that of the European oral epic.

韓國에 있어서의 協業化의 現況 및 그것이 農村의 社會構造變動에 미치는 影響 : 示範協業組織의 事例硏究를 中心으로

金大煥 이화여자대학교 한국문화연구원 1970 韓國文化硏究院 論叢 Vol.16 No.-

In the way of modernizing the rural community, one of the most urgent problems is to promote the increase of income and improve productivity in the small-scaled land system like that of Korea. Although there are many ways for acquiring the broad economic, social and political forces that lead to societal or community change, my factual assessment of sociological aspect is the concern that the cooperative farm system will be available to solving the agricultural problems and rural reorganization in Korea, where farm land has faced the radical change by the urbanization and industrialization. The cooperative movement has a history longer that a century in the world. It has also existed in the United States for over ninety years. At one time it was widely massive attempts to plan this organization have been undertaken in Israel, Denmark and Japan. Having been interested in the field of rural sociology, especially social organization, population mobility and urbanization through the social economic development, for more that 10 years, I had fortunately an opportunity of studying the cooperative structures. This report will be helpful for the explanation to understand the reality of cooperative agricultural system and rural structure comparing with Japanese rural reorganization. The contents of this paper are as follows; 1) preface 2) Korean rural structure and agricultural system. 3) Rural disorganization in the process of industrialization. 4) Experiences of cooperative system and its future. 5) Field-study of Korean cooperative systems and their analysis. 6) Planning for the cooperative system and social accommodation. 7) Sociological analysis of cooperative system. 8) Conclusion-The necessity of cooperative associations. Korean rural society has now faced the shortage of farm-labour, even though she has more than 51 percent farmers of total population, for the rural community loses feasible labour-power of adult by the migration from rural to urban area. Both of the shortage of labour and large scaled-land system are naturally easy to bring the mechanization of agricultural production in relation to the subsidiary industry. Some theorists insist that the cooperative system is the sole way to solve the problems the rural community faces now. Of course the application of the planning method to these problems is not easily accomplished. But we should remind that one of the factors promoting the increase of agricultural production in the United States is due to the modern management of corporation. In other words, the post economic boom in American rural communities has not only accelerated the decline of old family-capitalism but increased the importance of larger corporation which has synchronized the other directed conformity of the new managerial society. The five cooperative models Baik-Un-San, Kwang-ju, Un-jang-San, Pack-Dal and Dai-Ri cooperative farms, present us many problems whether planning can be made more scientific, systematic and effective. Most of those who are engaged in studying believe that it is in large part an art, compounded of experience, common sense, and professional expertness in a given realm of human affairs which are leadership, human relation and management of labour and technique. I hope this report could suggest a useful sense of great advantage to the orientation of Korean rural community.

假定은 眞理函數的인가

丁大鉉 이화여자대학교 철학과 1978 마음 : 哲學論集 Vol.- No.1

集合行動의 理論的 爭點들에 관한 比較硏究 : With Special Reference to Its Concept, Cause, and Formation Process 槪念, 發生要因, 形成過程을 중심으로

鄭大然 제주대학교 1983 논문집 Vol.16 No.2

It is a well-known fact that the collective behavior is one of the major concerns in the behavioral science such as sociology, psychology, and social psychology, etc. However, it is also another thing that the understandings of the collective behavior have been different depending on the approach to it. The main purpose of this study was to catch a comprehensive understanding of collective behavior, examining and comparing the theoretical issues of its concept, cause, and formation process. 1. On the Concept of Collective Behavior The concept of collective behavior can be defined on the basis of four dimensions-its cause, attributes of behavior, direction of behavior, and all-inclusive perspective on the collective behavior. This illustrates that the concept of collective behavior is defined as an uninstitutionalized deviant behavior or an organized norm-obeying behavior in its own way, depending on the way of forming the relation between four dimensions. 2. On the Cause of Collective Behavior The theoretical issues of the cause of collective behavior are possibly divided into five perspectives-contagion theory, convergence theory, emergent norm theory, interaction theory, and value-added theory. It was found that the contagion theory suggested the social unrest as the major source of causing collective behavior. However, according to the contagion theory, the social unrest the individuals feel is not taken as the primary cause of collective behavior, because it is not on the collective basis among the members. Therefore, the contagion theory focuses the process of individual person's social unrest being transformed into collective basis. This means that the contagion theory considers the factors making this process as the primary causes of collective behavior. As the result, the causes of collective behavior adapted by contagion theory are the circular reaction, suggestions, imitation, primitive sympathy, leader, or identification of members with leader, etc. It is another thing to be mentioned that the contagion theory concludes that these factors are come into existence from an impulse action rather than from an intended one. By contrast, the convergence theory put emphasis on the full growth of action orientation of members as the factor causing collective behavior. According to this perspective, the full growth of action orientation is caused by the social organization. That is the action of members becomes uniform when the existing social organization is problematic. The emergent norm theory focuses the condition and the process itself of the collective norm formation supporting a new-action. This perspective demonstrates that the condition of social organization is the major factor to bring about the collective norm formation. According to the interaction theory, the occurance of a particular event is the primary factor causing the collective behavior. However, the occurance of event itself is meaningless because the collective behavior is seldomly formed without the interaction among the members. This makes possible to conclude that the interaction theory puts emphasis on the interaction among the members rather than the particular event itself. The value-added theory takes the structural conductveness as the essential prerequisite. The reason is drawn from the fact that the factors suggested by other theories are meaningless without the essential prerequisite. Based on the above findings, the value-added theory and the emergent norm theory make a considerable point of the structural dimension, while the contagion theory and the interaction theory emphasize the cognitive dimension between leader and membes or among members. Finally, the convergence theory trends to attribute the cause of collective behavior to behavioral dimension which appears after the growth of cognition with the structure for a background. Therefore, it might be concluded that the theoretical issues of factors causing collective behavior are under structure-cognition-behavior which is a continual context. The difference is which dimension of the context is emphasized. 3. On the Formation Process of Collective Behavior The theoretical issues of the formation process of collective behavior are possibly divided into three categories-psychological, social psychological, and sociological perspectives. Their explanatory systems were based on very different perspectives. The following are the summarized schemata of formation process of collective behavior suggested by the reprsentatives of each perspective. G. LeBon : formation of law of mental unity→formation of common psychological state→outburst of collective behavior. S. Freud : expression of unconscious desire→formation of libidinous solidarity among members→abandonment of super-ego→identification of members with leader→outburst of collective behavior. H. Blumer : milling→collective excitement→soci contagion→formation of spontaneous behavior→outburst of collective behavior. E. Goffman : social unrest→formation of face-to-face or fluid interaction→formation of rules of irrelevance or transformation rule→outburst of collective behavior. N.J. Smelser : structural _conduciveness→structural strain→generalized belief→precipitation factors→mobilization of participants for action→operation of social control→outburst of collective behavior. The following comments might be given from the above schemata. The schemata suggested by Lebon and Freud are commonly focussed on why the members participate in the collective behavior, while Blumer and Goffman make a point of the social mechanism of interaction among the members. By contrast, Smelser's model is based initially on the reaction of the members to the social structure which is considered to be an external environment. This conclusion draws that the theoretical issues of the formation process of collective behavior are under the three dimensions-motives to participate in collective behavior, social mechanism of interaction among the members, and reaction to the social structural environment. These dimensions are also under the same continual context. Because the motives of participation is the result of internalization by the social structural condition, and the mechanism of interaction can be said to be patterned by the frame of interanalization of motives. To conclude, the theoretical at issues of collective behavior in terms of its concept, cause, and formation process are only the differences of explanatory foci among three interrelated dimensions-member's internal psychology, internactional mechanism among members, reaction of members to the social structural condition. This conclusion might be more persuasive if it is valid that the psychological and social system are only different inference on the same data. The matter of prime importance would be how to explain the collective behavior within a framework, putting all significant accounts together from the psychological, the social psychological, and the sociological.

진공승화법에 의한 몇가지 방향족 화합물의 분리거동 및 물질전달(Ⅲ)

崔大雄,金住奉 東亞大學校 大學院 1984 大學院論文集 Vol.9 No.-

The heating temperature, vacuum condensing point, velocity of sublimation and distance of diffusion were measured according to the change of vacuum degree of aromatic compounds by vacuum sublimation method. Their correlation and separation were experimented. Results obtained on the sublimatographic character of aromatic compounds are as follows; (1) Vacuum condensing point of aromatic compounds at different heating temperature and vacuum degree is obtained. (2) Pyrocatechol and resorcinol, pyrocatechol and hydroquinone, resorcinol and hydroquinone, pyrogallol and pyloroglucinol were easily separated from each of its mixtures. The results were in good agreement with those expected from the tn-V.C.P curves. (3) The vapor pressure, molar velocity of sublimation, mass transfer coefficient and diffusion coefficient of aromatic compound are calculated by experimental data'. Pn/Ps=r (r=1, 0.006∼1.123) Ps=KGn (K=0.154, n=0.996), KG=(2.350∼9.667)10-3

農業敎師養成을 爲한 敎育課程의 比較硏究

白大鉉 建國大學校 敎育硏究所 1976 論文集 Vol.1 No.-

敎育目標定立에 關한 硏究 : 織業農業敎育을 中心으로

白大鉉 建國大學校 敎育硏究所 1977 論文集 Vol.2 No.-

A study on the degree of understanding major objectives of vocational agricultural education by vocational agricultural teachers in Korea has been carried out in an effort to improve vocational agricultural education in Korea which has not been successful comparing with other fields of education in Korea. The research has uncovered the following facts. 1. The major objectives of vocational agriculture in Korea. This fact has been coutributing to a great extent to the development of vocational agricultural education in Korea. 2. Vocational agriculture teachers in Korea put the most weight of teaching activities on vocational agriculture subject matter teaching rather than on students' personal development such as in citizenship, family relationship, leadership, thriftness, recreation, cooperativeness, and others concerned with personal development.

農業系 高等學校 學生들의 入學動機에 關한 硏究

白大鉉 建國大學校 敎育硏究所 1978 論文集 Vol.3 No.-

This study on the motives of vocational agriculture students to enter agriculture high school disclosed the following factors. 1. Nevertheless having training with vocational agriculture curriculum in agricultur-al high schools throughout Korea, vocational agriculture students showed attitudes to-ward farming vocation with 6.7-28.9%, which are very low comparing with other fields of occupation. 2. Vocational agriculture students enrolled in agriculture high school located closer to large cities showed deeper degree of interest toward farming occupation than those students enrolled in agriculture high schools located in deeper country. 3. Attitudes of vocational agriculture students enrolled in agriculture high schools located in deeper country are closely corelated with their parent's attitudes toward farming occupation while attitudes of thoes students enrolled in agriculture high schools located to large cities are inedpendent from their parent's attitudes. 4. Motives of new students of agriculture high school to engage in farming vocation after graduation are easily apt to change from 41.88% to 27.8% upon graduation while the motives of new students enrolled in both agriculture high schools located in deeper country and closer to large cities are solid from original attitudes throughout. 5. Students who made their decision to enter vocational agricuture high school the earlier showed the stronger attitude toward engaging vocational agriculture occupation than those students who made their resolusion to enter agricultuer high school later or upon the time of applying for the entrance examination.

西毆諸國에 있어서의 實業農業敎育의 動向에 關한 硏究

白大鉉 建國大學校 敎育硏究所 1980 論文集 Vol.5 No.-

The study on the recent tendency of vocational agriculture education in western countries particularly in Denmark, Sweden, and Switzerland which have been contributing to greater extent in developing modern types, organizations, and methods of vocational agricultural education and the social welfare found the following factors; 1. There exists a common pattern of vocational agriculture education that is a pre-vocational agriculture orientational training starting from the last part of 9 years compulsoryeducation which is equivalent to middle schools in Korea. In this period those who intend to prepare for agriculture vocation will enter the training course of apprenticeship on the practical farm and the theory studies in school. 2. There is no set period of agriculture school program. Those students from their own farm homes will have shorter period of agrieculture training program than those from non-farming homes. 3. The curriculum of vocational agriculture training consist of two parts, the theory study in school and the apprentice training on the farm with the percentage of 50:50. But more weight is given to the practical farm training side. 4. Agriculture schools are organized into two types of all-day and seasonal school. However, almost all agriculture schools are seasonal type which is operated only during the winter season. The training period in the seasonal school is depends on the type of training, area and fields. The training program, organization, and school plants of all-day type of agriculture school are closely similar to those in Korea. 5. Appropriate test and examination are given to the student in each step of training which enables the students to promote to the next training program. They are examinations of entrance, practical, apprenticeship, capacity, diploma, and master's. 6. 25~50% of the agriculture high school operation cost is granted by the national government and the rest of operation cost is paid by the farmers organization and the alumni association. Therefore, student pays only for the meals in he dormitory while they stay in school. 7. Those students accepted by the agriculture high school are requested to resident in the dormitory so that they have have experiences and strengthen the life attitude of selfsupport, selfhelp, and cooperation all of which re essencial in democracy and likely to be looked down sily in the process of vocational agriculture education. 8. The local agricultural extension agency exists on the same campus or agriculture high school. The staff members of these two agencies are linked together closely in connection with work cooperayively in vocational agriculture education and agricultural extension work in the area.