Aflatoxin B_1 투여가 急性 肝 病變에 미치는 영향에 對한 病理學的 硏究

장선문,이충식,강대영 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1989 충남의대잡지 Vol.16 No.1

In an attempt of elucidate the pathologic and histochemical changes of aflatoxin B_2-induced hepatie lesions, the present study in male Sprague-Dawley rats was undertaken to evalute the relation between pathologic change of the liver and histochemical changes of several enzymes : alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase and succinic dehydrogenase at 3. 9. 24. 48. 72, and 144 hours after single administration of aflatoxin B_1 by gastric tube. The aflatoxin B_1 was dissolved in peanut oil(0.5㎎ aflatoxin B_1 to 0.5ml peanut oil). Grouop of male rats received aflatoxin B_1 1㎎ per ㎏ of body weight, respectively. Control animals were given a similar volume of peanut oil alone. The results on morphologic and histochemical changes were as follows: 1. The necrotic change of liver was mainly periportal, and it became most severe at 24 hours and was more prominent in the large dose group than the small dose group. 2. Biliary ductular cell proliferation started to appear within 72 hours and after became regressed later in the small dose group, but it remained approximately 144 hours after exposure in the large dose group. 3. Electron microscopically, all three groups showed irregular nuclear membrane and nucleolar change characterized by segregation of granular and fibrillar elements. All the group showed cytoplasmie changes such as dilatation of rough endoplasmic reticulum with detached ribosome, hyperplasia of smooth endoplasmic reticulum, increased numbers of lipid droplets and mitochondrial alteration. The above change in the large dose group was more severe than those of the small dose group. 4. In the histochemical study of experimental animals, there was a decrease in the intensity of the staining reaction of alkaline phosphatase and succinic dehydrogenase within 24 hours and a progressive decrease in staining intensity was noted at 144 hours. And then the staining intensity of the acid phosphatase was similar to that shown by the control animal. In summary, the data obtained by present experiments indicate aflatoxin B_1 exerts periportal necrosis of hepatic lobules accompanied by bile ductular cell proliferation, and inhibition of protein synthesis, as jedged by elertron microscopic and histochemical changes.

High-Resolution Capacitive Microinclinometer With Oblique Comb Electrodes Using (110) Silicon

Dae-Hun Jeong,Sung-Sik Yun,Byung-Geun Lee,Myung-Lae Lee,Chang-Auk Choi,Jong-Hyun Lee IEEE 2011 Journal of microelectromechanical systems Vol.20 No.6

<P>We propose a new capacitive microinclinometer where oblique comb electrodes and double-folded suspension springs are aligned parallel to the vertical (111) plane of (110) silicon. The oblique comb utilizes both the overlapped area and the gap between movable and stationary electrodes, resulting in a considerable increase in sensitivity (capacitance change/angle). The resolution becomes even higher by taking advantage of the smooth (111) sidewalls of the oblique comb electrodes, which are fabricated using silicon deep reactive ion etching followed by crystalline wet etching. The surface roughness was reduced from 200 (R<SUB>rms</SUB>) to 20 nm (R<SUB>rms</SUB>), and the verticality was improved from 88.7° to 89.7°. The capacitance change of the fabricated inclinometer experimentally ranges from -0.793 to 0.783 pF for the full range of inclination angle (from -90° to 90°). The estimated worst resolution, which is obtainable at an inclination angle of ±85°, was as low as 0.25°.</P>

Rat의 복강내에 투여한 5-fluorouracil-polyglycolic acid 제형이 장기에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

강대영,송규상,최정목,노승무,정경수,오정연,김진향,양준묵,최선웅,이진호,조준식,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,김승영,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

For more effective intraperitoneal chemotherapy, the authers made 5-fluorouracil-polyglycolic acid composite disks(FU-PGA disks) with 5-fluorouracil and polyglycolic acid, a biodegradable polymer. We inserted the FU-PGA disk into the peritoneal cavites of Sprague-Dawley male rats, the control and three experimental groups; one FU-PGA disk insert group(300mg/kg), two FU-PGA disk insert group(600mg/kg), and three FU-PGA disk insert group(900mg/kg). The control group received a similar number of PGA disk inserts. A pharmacokinetic study was performed to measure the 5-fluorouracil concentration in the peritoneal fluid, blood, and tissues(liver, kidney and heart) at 24 hours, 72hours and 168 hours after insertion of the FU-PGA disk. Light and electron microscopic studies were done. The results were as follows: 1) The number of white blood cells and platelets decreased after FU-PGA insertion. The degree was proportional to the duration and amounts inserted. The change in the number of red blood cells varied slightly. 2) Light microscopically, slight changes were noted at 168 hours in the 3 disk insert group (900mg/kg). Mild fatty change and hepatocyte degeneration around the central veins of the liver were noted, with vacuolar degeneration in the proximal convoluted tubules of the kidney. 3) Electron microscopically,the liver showed focal increases of lipid droplets in the hepatocytes, and irregular nuclear membrane with focal nucleolar segregation of the fibrillar and granular elements. Also the double membranous structure of the hepatocytes and Kupffer cells was widened with bleb formation. The kidney showed wide separation of the nuclear double membrane in the proximal convoluted tubular cells and mesangial cells, with vacuolation and myelin figure formation in the mitochondria of the proximal convoluted tubular cells, at 72 hours and 168 hours in the 2 to 3 FU-PGA insert groups. The heart showed focal loss of cristae,vacuolation and myelin figure formation in the mitochondria of the 2 to 3 FU-PGA insert groups. In conclusion, despite the large amont of FU-PGA inserted, the histopathological changes in the liver, kidney and heart were slight, and consonant with the very low amount of 5-fluorouracil concentrations detected in the liver, kidney and heart. The above results suggest that the FU-PGA composite can serve as a new device for releasing drugs in a controlled manner and easily targeted to intraperitoneal organs. This device can improve the efficacy of intraperitoneal chemotherapy for gastric cancer.

평행봉 몸 굽혀 2회전 뒤 공중 돌아 내리기 동작의 국면별 운동학적 분석

윤창선,강대식 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.3

This thesis has an aim to examine the influence on landing of successful salto by the difference of athletic factors of salto backward tucked dismount on the parallel bars. This thesis analyzed six national representative players dividing them into the skill group (G1) who got more than 9.5 point and the unskilled group (G2) who got less than 9.5 point based on the average point by four international referees utilizing three dimensional image analyses photographed with video camera, and it got the conclusion of the athletic factors dividing into each aspect as followings. 1. As for the time spent by the groups when the thesis divided them into each aspect, G1 spent more time than G2. It's because G1 acted in stability at the moment of staying in the space and landing as it spent much time in the space with fast down swing and release, but G2 on the contrary, acted fast at the moment of space of four aspects with slow down swing and release. And its landing was unstable at the movement of low height. 2. As for the positional change in each aspect, the parallel position of G2 increased than that of G1, and the increased parallel position made the unstable salto and landing . As for the change of vertical position, at the time of down swing in the first aspect, what G1 acted at the low position of the second aspect at the high position seemed to be an act to release fast falling the high joint down, and it made salto high and made landing stable. 3. As for speed change of high joint in each aspect, G1 acted with fast horizontal speed generally at the time of release, aspect of space, and aspect of landing because of right horizontal speed at the time of down swing, and it seemed to be an act to get rotary power of double salto. As for the vertical speed, G1 acted with a much more vertical speed than G2 in four aspects with a big up-down movement by the fast vertical speed at the time of down swing and release. It means that G1 acted fast with a fast vertical speed of the high joint to get the height to stay in the air. 4. As for the change of the angle of the high joint in each aspect, G1 acted a bigger down swing and release than G2 utilizing the stretched body of the high joint at the time of down swing and release. As for change of angle of shoulder, G1 acted down swing with the shoulder joint accessed nearer than G2 to the body. At the time of down swing, it acted with a big angle of shoulder joint to stretch high shoulder at the time of swing. In addition to it, at the time of release, G2 escaped from the hand more slowly than G1 because of big angle. It made the movement of space and landing movement unstable. 5. As for change of angular speed in each aspect, G1 acted with a fast high joint down swing from the start to the first aspect. It acted with a slow speed of the angle stretching the high joint in the second and the third aspect so that it could get fast angular speed in the forth and the fifth aspect. As for the change of shoulder joint, G1 acted with a fast angular speed in the aspect of space and that of landing movement by the fast speed of shoulder joint at the time of release. In addition to it, fast angular speed of the shoulder joint in the release aspect of space made the rotary power of double salto.

백서의 복강내에 투여한 Mitomycin-C-Polyglycolic acid 제형이 장기에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

송규상,강대영,최정목,노승무,정경수,오정연,김진향,양준목,최선웅,이진호,조준식,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,김승영,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

To evaluate the in-vivo effects of mitomycin-C-polyglycolic acid composite(MMC-PGA) the disk: shaped composite were implanted into the peritoneal cavity of the Sprague-Dawley rats. The pathologic changes were examined at various time points up to 12 weeks. Initially the soft tissue around the inserted disks showed capillary congestion at 3 days. Inflammatory infiltrates with foreign body giant cells appeared from the 2nd week and reached peak response at 6-8 weeks. These reaction diminished prominently at 12 weeks. No specific pathologic change was found in the liver, the kidneys, and the heart. The above results suggest that the MMC-PGA composite can serve as a new device for intraperitoneal chemotherapy of various types of cancers.

Overexpression of Insulin Degrading Enzyme could Greatly Contribute to Insulin Down-regulation Induced by Short-Term Swimming Exercise

Min Sun Kim,Jun Seo Goo,Ji Eun Kim,So Hee Nam,Sun Il Choi,Hye Ryun Lee,In Sik Hwang,Sun Bo Shim,Seung Wan Jee,Su Hae Lee,Chang Joon Bae,Jung Sik Cho,Jun Yong Cho,Dae Youn Hwang 한국실험동물학회 2011 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.27 No.1

Exercise training is highly correlated with the reduced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), although it enhanced insulin sensitivity, glucose uptake and glucose transporter expression to reduce severity of diabetic symptoms. This study investigated the impact of short-term swimming exercise on insulin regulation in the Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rat as a non-obese model of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Wistar (W/S) and GK rats were trained 2 hours daily with the swimming exercise for 4 weeks, and then the changes in the metabolism of insulin and glucose were assessed. Body weight was markedly decreased in the exercised GK rats compare to their non-exercised counterpart, while W/S rats did not show any exercise-related changes. Glucose concentration was not changed by exercise, although impaired glucose tolerance was improved in GK rats 120 min after glucose injection. However, insulin concentration was decreased by swimming exercise as in the decrease of GSIS after running exercise. To identify the other cause for exercise-induced insulin down-regulation, the changes in the levels of key factors involved in insulin production (C-peptide) and clearance (insulin-degrading enzyme; IDE) were measured in W/S and GK rats. The C-peptide level was maintained while IDE expression increased markedly. Therefore, these results showed that insulin down-regulation induced by short-term swimming exercise likely attributes to enhanced insulin clearance via IDE over-expression than by altered insulin production.

소의 대동맥 내피세포에서 산화저밀도 지단백에 의한 아포프토시스에 백일해 독소 및 콜레라 독소가 미치는 영향

손호영(Ho Young Son),강성구(Sung Ku Kang),강무일(Moo Il Kang),차봉연(Bong Youn Cha),이광우(Kwang Woo Lee),장상아(Sang Ah Chang),최윤희(Yoon Hee Choi),문성대(Sung Dae Moon),안유배(Yoo Bae Ahn),손현식(Hyun Sik Son),윤건호(Kun Ho Yoon) 대한내과학회 1999 대한내과학회지 Vol.56 No.5

Objectives : Oxidized LDL is thought to play a key role in atherogenesis. Among their wide variety of biological properties, oxidized LDL injures the endothelium as an early event of atherogenesis. However, the mechanisms by which oxidized LDL injures endothelial cells are not definitely known. In order to evaluate the involvement of GTP-binding protein on the mechanism of apoptosis, we studied the effects of pertussis and cholera toxin on oxidized LDL-induced apoptosis in bovine aortic endothelial cells(BAECs). Methods : Oxidized LDL elicited apoptosis in cultured BAECs as shown by characteristic morphological and biochemical changes. Chromatin condensation and nucleus fragmentation were visualized by using fluorescence microscopy of intact cells staining by acridine orange/ ethidium bromide. DNA fragmentation was quantified by an ELISA with specific antibody for bromodeoxyuridine- labelled DNA fragments and confirmed with DNA ladder formation. Results : Studies using a combination of bacterial toxins which change the function of GTP-binding protein suggest that oxidized LDL-induced apoptosis was regulated by GTP-binding protein. Oxidized LDL-induced apoptosis was not changed by pretreatment of BAECs with pertussis toxin. In contrast, pretreatment with cholera toxin completely prevented the oxidized LDL- induced apoptosis. Conclusion : These results show that oxidized LDL induces apoptosis of BAECs and suggest that cholera toxin-sensitive G-proteins are involved in signal transduction of oxidized LDL-induced apoptosis of BAEC.

마이크로 압전 엑츄에이터용 Sol-Gel PZT 박막의 두께 변화에 따른 특성

장연태,박준식,김대식,박효덕,최승철 호서대학교 반도체제조장비국산화연구센터 2001 반도체장비학술심포지움 Vol.2001 No.-

Pb가 10% 과잉되고 Zr : Ti = 52 : 48 조성을 갖는 PZT sol이Pt(3500A˚)/Ti(400A˚)/SiO2(3000A˚)/Si(525㎛)기판 위에 스핀 코팅법으로 반복 코팅된 후, 450℃에서 10분, 650℃에서 2분간 반복 열처리되었다.이와 같이 다양한 두께로 적층된 박막은 각 시편에 대해 최종적으로 650℃ 30분 동안 어닐링 처리되었다.제조된 PZT 박막의 두께는 4100A*에서 1.75㎛사이의 4종이었다.이어서 스퍼터링법으로 Pt전극이 PZT 막 위에 증착되었다.제조된 PZT 박막의 결정 구조 조사를 위해 XRD, 그리고 미세 구조 및 전기적 특성을 알아보기 위해 FESEM과 P-E 이력 곡선이 각각 관찰되었다.4100A˚에서 1.75㎛까지 두께 중가에 따른 장비상의 포화 이력 한계로 잔류 분극(Pr)값이 25A˚u C/㎠에서 다소 감소되었다.측정된 X선 회절 결과에서 최초 4회 코팅시 perovskite 결정 구조로 성장한 결정립은 (111)배향이 우세하였으나, 두께가 증가됨에 따라 (111)/(110)값이 감소되었으며, 이를 통해 두께 증가에 따른 (111)배향성이 다소 감소됨을 알 수 있었다.이상의 결과로부터 제조된 PZT 박막은 큰 힘과 높은 내전압 특성을 갖는 마이크로 압전 액츄에이터에 적용될 수 있을 것으로 생각되었다.

總膽管 結紮에 의한 膽管增殖性 變化의 超微形態學的 硏究

張大聖,郭精植,孫泰重 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1987 慶北醫大誌 Vol.28 No.2

저자는 증식된 신생담세관 상피세포 기원을 초미형태학적으로 규명하기 위해 체중 250gm 정도의 Sprague-Dawley계 흰쥐 수컷의 총담관을 결찰한 후 간조직을 2, 4, 6 및 8주에 각각 3마리씩 광학현미경과 전자현미경적으로 관찰하였다. 광학현미경적으로는 증식된 담세관의 상피세포들 사이에서 간세포와 같은 형태를 가진 상피세포들이 있었다. 전자현미경적으로는 첫째, 기저막에 둘러싸인 담세관 상피세포의 일부는 RER 및 mitochondria가 풍부하고 세포질의 전자밀도가 높아 그 미세구조가 간세포와 매우 유사했으며, 둘째, 담세관의 내강을 공유하는 간세포의 일부에서 불완전하나 기저막이 형성되었으며, 세째, 세포소기관의 발달로 보아 간세포와 담세관 상피세포의 중간구조를 가진 세포들이 있었다. 이러한 소견들은 간세포가 담세관 상피세포로 이행하는 중간세포의 존재를 강력히 시사해 주며 따라서 담세관의 증식시에 신생상피세포는 담관이나 담세관 상피세포 뿐만 아니라 간세포에서도 유래될 것이라고 생각된다. The author studied ultrastructural changes on the proliferated bile ductules after ligation of common bile duct. Male Sprague-Dawley rats averaging 250 gm were ligated common bile duct and observed liver by light and electron microscope at 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks after ligation. On light microscopy, hepatocytic cells were interposed between ductular epithelial cells in proliferated bile ductules. On electron microscopy, there were epithelial cells having abundant RER and mitochondria, which is similar to that in hepatocytes, in the proliferated ductules. But these cells were surrounded by basement membrane. The hepatocytes occupying common lumen with ductular epithelial cells had partial or discontinuous basement membrane. There were intermediate cells having ultrastructural characteristics both ductular epithelial cells and hepatocytes. Based on above results, it was strongly suggestive of presence of intermediate cells between ductular epithelial cells and hepatocytes in proliferated ductular lining. It would be considered that epithelial cells of newly formed bile ductules could be originated from the hepatocytes.

전기손상으로 인한 심장질환자의 회복 1례

장문준,황태식,최성욱,김인병,손대곤,조광현,이한식 대한응급의학회 1995 대한응급의학회지 Vol.6 No.1

An unconscious 20 year old male carried into the emergency department after an electric shock injury 20 minutes earlier. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation was undertaken when asystole appeared on the electrocardiograph monitor. A 12-lead electrocardiograph was taken when in that myocardial infarction was found after performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation on an electrical injury patient. We present out case's electrocardiographs with echocardio-graphic findings and radionuclide imaging studies.