Effects of Egg Yolk Antibodies Produced in Response to Different Antigenic Fractions of E. coli O157:H7 on E. coli Suppression

Chae, H.S.,Singh, N.K.,Ahn, C.N.,Yoo, Y.M.,Jeong, S.G.,Ham, J.S.,Kim, D.W. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2006 Animal Bioscience Vol.19 No.11

The objective of this research was to provide the characterization and method for producing anti-E. coli O157:H7 antibodies in egg-laying hens and to determine if the antibody can restrain the proliferation of E. coli O157:H7 in-vitro. Selected antigenic fractions (whole cell, outer membrane protein and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)) from E. coli O157:H7 were injected to hens in order to produce anti-E. coli O157:H7 antibodies. The immune response and the egg yolk antibodies of laying hens against the whole cell, outer membrane protein and LPS antigens were monitored by ELISA. The level of antibodies against whole cell antigen monitored through ELISA sharply increased after the initial immunization, and it was found to be maximum on day 49 however, the level was maintained up to day 70. Antibodies (5 mg/ml) directed against the whole cell inhibited E. coli proliferation 10-13 times more than outer membrane protein or LPS. The antibody response against the whole cell antigens appeared to have higher activity in restraining the proliferation of E. coli O157:H7 than antibody against outer membrane protein or LPS. Results reflected that increasing the IgY's in the egg yolk could prevent greater economic losses due to human and animal health from pathogenic bacteria i.e. E. coli O157:H7.

An assessment of axial pre-compression for the KSTAR central solenoid

Ahn, H.J.,Kim, H.T.,Kim, Y.O.,Chu, Y.,Park, H.K.,Park, K.R.,Oh, Y.K.,Kim, Y.S.,Han, D.W.,Kim, Y.H. Elsevier 2017 Fusion engineering and design Vol.124 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The central solenoid (CS) of the KSTAR consists of four pairs of superconducting coils compressed axially by preloading structures. The axial pre-compression is needed to suppress the maximum attractive or repulsive force of the coils based on reference operation scenarios. All CS coils were assembled with eight sets of preloading and supporting structures under precise dimensional control. Only shells of preloading structures were heated to make 6mm gap between the preloading structure and coil assembly. The gap was, then, filled up by wedge movement so that axial pre-compression be applied after thermal contraction of shells. However measured pre-compression is about 55% of the design value. A detailed investigation has been carried out to find reasons for the preloading reduction by comparing strain measurement and structural analysis results. The minimum residual compression is estimated as 6.5MN. It is expected to have no serious problem during large plasma current H-mode discharge with consideration of the anti-slip design. A structural analysis model of KSTAR CS magnet has been developed based on the measured strains during operations and will give a guide line for future high performance and long pulse operations of KSTAR.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A detailed investigation has been carried out to find reasons for the preloading reduction for KSTAR CS by comparing strain measurement and structural analysis results. </LI> <LI> A structural analysis model of KSTAR CS magnet has been developed based on the measured strains during operations. </LI> <LI> It is expected to have no serious problem during large plasma current H-mode discharge in future with consideration of the anti-slip design of each component. </LI> </UL> </P>

Chronic anosmia induces depressive behavior and reduced anxiety via dysregulation of glucocorticoid receptor and corticotropin-releasing hormone in a mouse model

Ahn, S.,Shin, H.W.,Mahmood, U.,Khalmuratova, R.,Jeon, S.Y.,Jin, H.R.,Choi, J.S.,Kim, H.S.,Kim, D.W. Rhinology 2016 Rhinology Vol.54 No.1

<P>Background: Olfactory loss is highly prevalent, and comorbid mood disorders are common. Considering olfactory input is highly interconnected with the limbic system, and that the limbic system manages mood, it is predictable that impairments in the sense of smell may result in mood changes. Methodology: Chronic olfactory deficits were induced by repeated intranasal irrigation of ZnSO4 for 12 weeks in BALB/c mice. H&E staining, OMP staining, and potato chip finding test were performed to confirm olfactory loss. Tail suspension, forced swim, and splash tests were performed to evaluate depression, as well as open field, elevated plus maze tests were applied to assess anxiety. The mRNA levels of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) were measured by real-time PCR to confirm relevant molecular changes. Results: Disruption of the olfactory epithelium and olfactory loss was confirmed in histological studies and potato chip finding test. Behavioral tests show that the chronic anosmic state caused increased depression and reduced anxiety. PCR data showed that mRNA levels of GR in the hypothalamus and CRH in the amygdala were significantly decreased. Conclusions:These results propose that ZnSO4-induced chronic anosmia can cause a depressive and anxiolytic state via decreased hypothalamic GR and amygdalar CRH.</P>

Characterization of Lactobacillus acidophilus Isolated from Piglets and Chicken

Ahn, Y.T.,Lim, K.L.,Ryu, J.C.,Kang, D.K.,Ham, J.S.,Jang, Y.H.,Kim, H.U. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2002 Animal Bioscience Vol.15 No.12

Lactic acid bacteria were isolated from piglets and chicken and characterized. Lactic acid bacteria showing resistance to low pH and bile, adhesion to intestinal epithelium cells, and the inhibition of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. were identified as Lactobacillus acidophilus. L. acidophilus PF01 survived for 2 h in MRS broth adjusted to pH 2. L. acidophilus CF07 was less resistant than L. acidophilus PF01 to pH 2, but survived at pH 2.5 for 2 h. Both of isolates were able to grow in MRS broth containing 0.3% (w/v) bile, with L. acidophilus CF07 being more tolerant to bile than L. acidophilus PF01. L. acidophilus PF01 and CF07 adhered specifically to the duodenal and jejunal epithelium cells of piglet, and the cecal and duodenal epithelium cells of chicken, respectively. Both of isolates did not adhere to the epithelium cells of the various animal intestines from which they were isolated. When L. acidophilus was cultured with E. coli and Salmonella spp. in MRS broth, MRS broth containing 2% skim milk powder or modified tryptic soy broth at $37^{\circ}C$, L. acidophilus PF01 and CF07 inhibited the growths of E. coli K88 and K99, and S. enteritidis and S. typhimurium, respectively. Both of isolates were found to possess the essential characteristics of probiotic lactic acid bacteria for piglet and chicken.

모듈화 기반 9 자유도 안드로이드 헤드의 개발

최동운(D. W. Choi),이동욱(D.W. Lee),이덕연(D. Y. Lee),안병규(B. K. AHN),허만홍(M. H. HUR) 한국정밀공학회 2014 한국정밀공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.5월

전류분배계수를 이용한 배전계통 고장점 표정 알고리즘

이덕수(D.S. Lee),진보건(B.G. Jin),이승재(Lee S.H.),초면송(M.S. Choi),강상희(S.H. Kang),안복신(B.S. Ahn),윤남선(N.S. Yoon) 대한전기학회 2001 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2001 No.11

3상 H-bridge Multi-level inverter의 변형된 SVM에 관한 연구

엄준현(J. H. Eum),안현진(H. J. Ahn),정영국(Y. G. Jung),임영철(Y. C. Lim),김광헌(K. H. Kim),차득근(D. G. Cha) 전력전자학회 2009 전력전자학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.1

As H-bridge multilevel inverter is connected with series of single phase power cell, so it obtain high voltage using low voltage power semi-conductor and output voltage similar to sinusoidal wave. In this topology, the number of power cell increases in proportion to the output voltage level. This paper proposes a H-bridge Multilevel inverter and SVM(Space Vector Modulation) using slope of a linear function. The proposed method has some features improves processing of system, and decreases THD, and reduces to switching loss. To verify a validity of proposed method a PSIM simulation is used.

한국 성인에서 비알콜성 지방간의 중증도에 따른 대사이상의 특징

김형진,김대중,김수경,김세화,이유미,안철우,차봉수,송영득,임승길,김경래,이현철,허갑범 대한내분비학회 2002 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.17 No.4

연구배경: 30세 이상의 성인 한국인에서 지방간의 중증도와 대사증후군의 여러 요소들 (특히 인슐린저항성 및 중심성비만)과의 관련성을 분석하고자 하였다. 방법: 대상자는 2001년 4월부터 6월까지 건강검진센터를 방문한 사람들 중 만성 바이러스성 간염이나 일주일에 2회 이상 음주력이 있는 사람들을 제외한 1074명 (남자 502, 여자 572)에서 문진, 신체검사, 채혈 그리고 복부초음파를 시행하였다. 결과: 1074명중 522명에서 지방간이 양성이어서 양성율은 49%였으며 남성은 여성에 비해 높은 유병률을 보였다. (57 vs 42%, p<0.05). 당뇨병, 비만 그리고 이상지질증을 가지지 않은 사람들에서 비알콜성 지방간의 유병률은 20%였다. 지방간이 양성인 522명중 218명은 경도, 273명은 중등도, 31명은 중증의 지방간 소견을 보였다. 체질량지수, 허리둘레, 체지방률, 수축기혈압, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, 총콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 그리고 총콜레스테롤/고밀도지단백 비는 지방간의 중증도에 따라 의미있게 증가하는 양상을 보였다(p<0.05). 다중회귀분석을 시행하였을 때 지방간의 중증도를 잘 반영하는 인자로는 허리둘레, alanine aminotransferase, HONA_IR, 총콜레스테롤/고밀도지단백비, aspartate aminotransferase, 그리고 수축기혈압의 순서로 나타났다. 공복혈당장애, 고혈압 및 인슐린저항성은 지방간을 가진 군에서 대조군보다 의미있게 높은 빈도를 보였을 뿐만 아니라 지방간의 중증도에 따라 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 인슐린저항성은 심한 지방간에 비교위험도가 14.7(CI; 6.8∼32.0), 중등도의 지방간에서 6.9(CI; 4.6∼10.3), 경도의 지방간에서 5.7(CI; 3.6∼8.8)이었으며 HOMA_IR의 상위 1/4을 인슐린저항성이 있는 군으로 정의하였을 때 각군에 인슐리저항성을 가진 비율은 7.6, 32.0, 36.0, 그리고 55%였다(p<0.05). 지방간의 중증도에 따른 비알콜성 지방간염의 고위험군 비율은 각각 5.0, 21.6, 27.8, 그리고 58.1%였다(p<0.05). 결론: 우리나라의 비알콜성 지방간의 빈도는 서구인에 비해 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 비알콜성 지방간이 있을 경우 대사증후군과 관련된 여러인자들(특히 인슐린저항성과 중심성비만)과 비알콜성 지방간염의 위험이 현저히 증가하며 초음파의 중증도 분류에 따라 비례하였다. Background: We evaluated the frequency of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and the associations between the metabolic abnormalities and severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Korean adults using ultrasonography. Methods: We examined 1074 Korean adults above the age of 30 years, comprising of 502 men and 572 women, participating in medical check-ups at the Health Promotion Center. Hepatitis B and C serologies were negative, and the average weekly alcohol intake was ≤ 2 standard drinks. A standard interview, physical exam and biochemical study, were conducted, and an experienced operator carried out ultrasound liver studies. Results: 522 of the subjects had non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and the remaining 552 did not. The frequency in the men was higher than that in the women (57 vs 42%, p<0.05). The frequency of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the subjects without diabetes, obesity or dyslipidemia was 20%. We classified subjects into 4 groups: the controls (n=552) and those with mild (n=218), moderate (n=273) or severe fatty liver disease (n=31), according to their ultrasonographic findings. BMI, waist circumference, body fat, systolic blood pressure, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total cholesterol, triglyceride, the total-to HDL-cholesterol ratio, impaired fasting glucose, hypertension and insulin resistance, were all significantly increase with the increased severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (p<0.05). Following the multiple regression analyses, waist, alanine, aminotransferase, HOMAIR, the total- to HDL-cholesterol ratio, aspartate aminotransferase and systolic blood pressure, were all associated with the severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Odd ratios of insulin resistance in the mild, moderate and severe non-alcoholic fatty liver disease were 14.7 (CI: 6.8∼32.0), 6.9 (CI: 4.6∼10.3) and 5.7 (CI 3.6∼8.8), respectively. The percentages of subjects with insulin resistance in each group were 7.6, 32.0, 36.0 and 55.0% (p<0.05), respectively. The percentages of subjects with risk of non-alcoholic steatohepatits in each groups were 5.0, 21.6, 27.8 and 581% (p<0.05) respectively. Conclusion: The frequency of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease was relatively high in Korean adults. Proportional differences in metabolic abnormalities, relation to the severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, were found by ultrasonography (J Kor Soc Endocrinol 17:514∼525, 2002).

단층 패브릭 기반 마이크로유체 전기화학 연료전지 개발

홍도연(D. Y. Hong),공희건(H. G. Kong),왕초(C. Wang),박노현(N. H. Park),안유민(Y. Ahn) Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2021 한국정밀공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.11월

웨어러블하고 휴대하기 편한 소형기기는 사용자의 움직임으로 인해 구부러지거나 휘어지는 기계적인 변형에도 오랜 시간 안정된 구동을 해야한다. 그에 따라 내구성이 보장된 전력원이 주목받고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 기존 종이 기반 연료전지의 짧은 지속시간과 낮은 유연성을 해결하기 위해 패브릭기반으로 전기화학 연료전지를 제작함에 있다. 연료전지 성능을 향상시키기 위해 전극의 경우 그래핀에 촉매를 섞은 후 프린팅 공정을 통해 정밀하게 제작했다. 패브릭의 유연성을 유지하기 위해 패브릭 위에 마스크를 올려 놓은 후 패브릭 전용 방수스프레이를 사용하여 스텐실 기법으로 유로를 생성하는 방법을 사용했다. 다양한 패브릭 종류, 전극 모양, 적절한 연료와 전해질들 중에서 최적의 조합을 결정하기 위해 전력 밀도, 전류 밀도를 측정하였다. 전력 밀도(0.547 mW/㎠), 전류 밀도(2.37 mA/㎠)의 가장 좋은 성능은 Flannel 재질, Straight 전극 모양, 연료 H₂O₂와 산성 전해질인 HCl 을 사용했을 때 얻어졌다. 지속 시간의 경우 600 분으로 기존 종이 기반 연료전지보다 월등히 좋은 지속시간을 갖는다. 긴 지속시간을 갖는 이유는 연료에 오랜 시간 젖어 있으면 찢어지거나 내구성에 문제가 생기는 종이 기반 연료전지와 달리 패브릭에선 안정적인 흐름을 유지할 수 있기 때문이라고 생각된다. 새로운 패브릭 기반 연료전지는 소형화 및 휴대용 장치에 오랜 시간 전력을 공급할 수 있는 높은 잠재력을 보여준다.

Crystal Structure of T-protein of the Glycine Cleavage System. COFACTOR BINDING, INSIGHTS INTO H-PROTEIN RECOGNITION, AND MOLECULAR BASIS FOR UNDERSTANDING NONKETOTIC HYPERGLYCINEMIA

Lee, H. H.,Kim, D. J.,Ahn, H. J.,Ha, J. Y.,Suh, S. W. WAVERLY PRESS INC 2004 The Journal of biological chemistry Vol.279 No.48