Development of a Novel Process to produce Biodiesel and its use as fuel in CI Engine performance study

Prasheet Mishra,D.V.N. Lakshmi,D.K.Sahu,Ratnakar Das 한국인터넷방송통신학회 2015 Journal of Advanced Smart Convergence Vol.4 No.1

A novel process has successfully been developed by overcoming major difficulties through the elimination of number of process steps involved in the Classical Transesterification reaction during the preparation of Fatty Acid Methyl/Ethyl Ester (FAME.FAEE) called biodiesel. The Classical process with cost intensive process steps such as the utilization of excess alcohol, needing downstream distillation for the recovery and reutilization of excess alcohol/cosolvent, unrecoverable homogenous catalyst which consumes vast quantity of fresh distilled water during the purification of the product and downstream waste water treatment before its safe disposal to the surface water body. The Novel Process FAME/FAEE is produced from any vegetable oil irrespective of edible or inedible variety using sonication energy. The novelty of the finding is the use of only theoretical quantity of alcohol along with a co-solvent and reduced quantity of homogeneous catalyst. Under this condition neither the homogeneous catalyst goes to the FAME layer nor is the distillation needed. The same ester also has been prepared in high pressure high temperature reactor without using catalyst at sub critical temperature. The quality of prepared biodiesel without involving any purification step meets the ASTM standards. Blended Biodiesel with Common Diesel Fuel (CDF) and FAME is prepared, characterized and used as fuel in the Kirloskar make CI Engines. The evaluation of the engine performance result of pure CDF, B05 biodiesel, B10 biodiesel of all types of biodiesel prepared by using the feedstock of Soybean (Glycine max) and Karanja (Pongamia pinnate) oil along with their mixed oil provides useful information such as brake power, brake thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption, etc, and established it as ideal fuel for unmodified CI engine.

Development of a Novel Process to produce Biodiesel and its use as fuel in CI Engine performance study

Mishra, Prasheet,Lakshmi, D.V.N.,Sahu, D.K.,Das, Ratnakar The Institute of Internet 2015 International journal of advanced smart convergenc Vol.4 No.1

A novel process has successfully been developed by overcoming major difficulties through the elimination of number of process steps involved in the Classical Transesterification reaction during the preparation of Fatty Acid Methyl/Ethyl Ester (FAME.FAEE) called biodiesel. The Classical process with cost intensive process steps such as the utilization of excess alcohol, needing downstream distillation for the recovery and reutilization of excess alcohol/cosolvent, unrecoverable homogenous catalyst which consumes vast quantity of fresh distilled water during the purification of the product and downstream waste water treatment before its safe disposal to the surface water body. The Novel Process FAME/FAEE is produced from any vegetable oil irrespective of edible or inedible variety using sonication energy. The novelty of the finding is the use of only theoretical quantity of alcohol along with a co-solvent and reduced quantity of homogeneous catalyst. Under this condition neither the homogeneous catalyst goes to the FAME layer nor is the distillation needed. The same ester also has been prepared in high pressure high temperature reactor without using catalyst at sub critical temperature. The quality of prepared biodiesel without involving any purification step meets the ASTM standards. Blended Biodiesel with Common Diesel Fuel (CDF) and FAME is prepared, characterized and used as fuel in the Kirloskar make CI Engines. The evaluation of the engine performance result of pure CDF, B05 biodiesel, B10 biodiesel of all types of biodiesel prepared by using the feedstock of Soybean (Glycine max) and Karanja (Pongamia pinnate) oil along with their mixed oil provides useful information such as brake power, brake thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption, etc, and established it as ideal fuel for unmodified CI engine.

THERMAL DIFFUSION AND RADIATION EFFECTS ON UNSTEADY MHD FREE CONVECTION HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER FLOW PAST A LINEARLY ACCELERATED VERTICAL POROUS PLATE WITH VARIABLE TEMPERATURE AND MASS DIFFUSION

M. VENKATESWARLU,G. V. RAMANA REDDY,D. V. LAKSHMI 한국산업응용수학회 2014 Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and A Vol.18 No.3

The objective of the present study is to investigate thermal diffusion and radiation effects on unsteady MHD flow past a linearly accelerated vertical porous plate with variable temperature and also with variable mass diffusion in presence of heat source or sink under the influence of applied transverse magnetic field. The fluid considered here is a gray, absorbing/emitting radiation but a non-scattering medium. At time t > 0, the plate is linearly accelerated with a velocity u = u0t in its own plane. And at the same time, plate temperature and concentration levels near the plate raised linearly with time t. The dimensionless governing equations involved in the present analysis are solved using the closed analytical method. The velocity, temperature, concentration, skin-friction, the rate or heat transfer and the rate of mass transfer are studied through graphs in terms of different physical parameters like magnetic field parameter (M), radiation parameter (R), Schmidt parameter (Sc), Soret number (So), Heat source parameter (S), Prandtl number (Pr), thermal Grashof number (Gr), mass Grashof number (Gm) and time (t).

Geo-microbial and geochemical evidences in the near surface soils of Jamnagar sub-basin, Saurashtra, Gujarat, India: implications to hydrocarbon resource potential

Mohammed A. Rasheed,M. Lakshmi,M.S. Kalpana,P.L.S. Rao,D.J. Patil,V. Sudarshan,A.M. Dayal 한국지질과학협의회 2012 Geosciences Journal Vol.16 No.4

The Jamnagar sub-basin of Saurashtra, Gujarat is considered geologically prospective for hydrocarbons by Directorate General of Hydrocarbons (DGH), India. However the major part of the Jamnagar sub-basin is covered by Deccan Traps, hindering the exploration of Mesozoic hydrocarbon targets. In India, significant hydrocarbon finding in the stratigraphic sequence has not been established, as the major part of the Mesozoic sediments is underlying the Deccan Traps. Detection and mapping of the Mesozoic sediments below the Deccan Trap has been a long-standing complex geophysical problem facing the oil industry. The vast sheet of volcanic cover, which overlies the Mesozoic sediments acts as a geophysical shield and inhibit the effective use of conventional seismic techniques. Surface geochemical techniques based on hydrocarbon microseepage from subsurface accumulations, have potential to evaluate the prospects for petroleum exploration. In view of this, surface geochemical survey for adsorbed soil gas and microbial analysis was conducted in Jamnagar sub-basin, total 150 near surface soil samples were collected for the evaluation of hydrocarbon resource potential of the Basin. Microbial analysis revealed high bacteria counts for methane (1.32×106 cfu/gm), ethane (8.50× 105 cfu/gm), propane (6.86×105 cfu/gm) and butane oxidizing bacteria (5.70×105 cfu/gm) in soil samples of Jamnagar sub-basin. The bacterial concentration distribution maps show three distinct anomalies in the study area, indicating hydrocarbon microseepage at these places. The geochemical investigations in soil samples showed the presence of high adsorbed hydrocarbon gases concentration of methane (C1) 1 to 518 ppb and Ethane plus hydrocarbons (C2+) 1 to 977 ppb respectively. Further, carrying out integrated geo-microbial and geo-chemical studies with adsorbed soil gas showed the anomalous hydrocarbon zones nearby Khandera, Haripur, and Laloi areas which could probably aid to assess the true potential of the Basin. On the basis of microbial prospecting and adsorbed soil gas studies Jamnagar sub-basin study area appears to be a warm zone for hydrocarbon prospects and needs detailed investigation with other geo-scientific methods. Integrated geophysical studies have shown that Jamnagar sub-basin of Saurashtra has significant sediment thickness below the Deccan Traps and can be considered for future hydrocarbon exploration. The corroboration of adsorbed light gaseous hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon oxidizing bacteria suggests its efficacy as one of the potential tool in surface geochemical exploration of hydrocarbons.

Bioprocess Optimization - a Challenge

( Tapobrata Panda ),( P S R Babu ),( J A Kumari ),( D S Rao ),( K Theodore ),( K Jagannandha Rao ),( S Siva Kesava ),( A Kapat ),( S R Nair ),( J Sinha ),( R Sreenivas ),( G Lakshmi Prasanna ),( V Ven 한국미생물생명공학회 1997 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.7 No.6