Failure of Dermal Allograft Repair of Massive Rotator Cuff Tears in Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Clinical Assessment

Conor James Craig Gouk,Ryan Mark Shulman,Craig Buchan,Michael John Evan Thomas,Fraser James Taylor 대한정형외과학회 2019 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.11 No.2

Background: Massive retracted rotator cuff tears represent a therapeutic dilemma, particularly in the young and middle-aged patients who are not appropriate for a reverse total shoulder replacement. Interposition grafting using human dermal allograft offers an alternative treatment. Methods: A retrospective review of all patients who underwent interposition grafting using human dermal allograft between December 2013 and May 2015 for massive rotator cuff tears at our tertiary referral center was performed. Preoperative and 6 month postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessments were performed in all patients, with postoperative graft integrity being the primary outcome measure. Clinical evaluation was performed using the Oxford shoulder score, Constant score, and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score. Results: The mean age at the time of follow-up was 54 years. On MRI, 84% of grafts were seen to have failed at 6 months. Strength was grossly reduced on the operative side when supraspinatus and subscapularis were tested; despite this, Constant score (mean, 48.2) was comparable to that in the previous reports. DASH and Oxford scores were a mean of 24.94 and 37.16, respectively. Conclusions: Based on these results, in particular the MRI findings, we cannot advocate the use of dermal allograft as an interposition graft for the repair of massive rotator cuff tears.

Evaluation of Two Novel Integrated Stand-Alone Spacer Designs Compared with Anterior and Anterior-Posterior Single-Level Lumbar Fusion Techniques: An In Vitro Biomechanical Investigation

Craig A. Kuhns,Jonathan A. Harris,Mir M. Hussain,Aditya Muzumdar,Brandon S. Bucklen,Saif Khalil 대한척추외과학회 2017 Asian Spine Journal Vol.11 No.6

Study Design: In vitro biomechanical investigation. Purpose: To compare the biomechanics of integrated three-screw and four-screw anterior interbody spacer devices and traditional techniques for treatment of degenerative disc disease. Overview of Literature: Biomechanical literature describes investigations of operative techniques and integrated devices with four dual-stacked, diverging interbody screws; four alternating, converging screws through a polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) spacer; and four converging screws threaded within the PEEK spacer. Conflicting reports on the stability of stand-alone devices and the influence of device design on biomechanics warrant investigation. Methods: Fourteen cadaveric lumbar spines were divided randomly into two equal groups (n=7). Each spine was tested intact, after discectomy (injured), and with PEEK interbody spacer alone (S), anterior lumbar plate and spacer (AP+S), bilateral pedicle screws and spacer (BPS+S), circumferential fixation with spacer and anterior lumbar plate supplemented with BPS, and three-screw (SA3s) or four-screw (SA4s) integrated spacers. Constructs were tested in flexion-extension (FE), lateral bending (LB), and axial rotation (AR). Researchers performed one-way analysis of variance and independent t -testing (p ≤0.05). Results: Instrumented constructs showed significantly decreased motion compared with intact except the spacer-alone construct in FE and AR (p ≤0.05). SA3s showed significantly decreased range of motion (ROM) compared with AP+S in LB (p ≤0.05) and comparable ROM in FE and AR. The three-screw design increased stability in FE and LB with no significant differences between integrated spacers or between integrated spacers and BPS+S in all loading modes. Conclusions: Integrated spacers provided fixation statistically equivalent to traditional techniques. Comparison of three-screw and four-screw integrated anterior lumbar interbody fusion spacers revealed no significant differences, but the longer, larger-diameter interbody spacer with three-screw design increased stabilization in FE and LB; the diverging four-screw design showed marginal improvement during AR.

Extended nursing and/or increased starter diet allowances for low weaning weight pigs

Craig Aimee-Louise,Muns Ramon,Gordon Alan,Magowan Elizabeth 아세아·태평양축산학회 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.8

Objective: To evaluate the use of nurse sows and post-weaning nutrition strategies for low wean weight (WW) pigs on lifetime growth and efficiency. Methods: Animals (n = 270) were assigned to one of five treatments at 28 d. Low WW pigs (<6 kg) were either weaned and offered a special dietary regime recommended for low WW pigs (WEAN) or placed on a nurse sow (NURSE) and weaned at 49 d. Normal WW pigs (9 kg) (NORM) were also weaned at 28 d. After weaning, NORM and NURSE pigs were offered either a ‘high’ (4 kg/pig of starter 1 diet followed by 8 kg/pig of starter 2 diet) or ‘low’ (8 kg/pig of starter 2 diet) starter diet allowance in a 2×2 factorial arrangement. A typical grower diet was then offered, followed by a typical finisher diet until 147 d of age. Results: NORM pigs where heavier throughout their life compared to NURSE pigs (91.4 kg vs 76.2 kg at 147 d; p<0.001). WEAN pigs were heavier at 70 d compared to NURSE pigs (23.9 kg vs 21.0 kg; p<0.001), but there was no significant difference at 147 d between NURSE and WEAN treatments. NURSE pigs had reduced feed intake throughout the finishing period (1.6 kg/d; p<0.001) compared to WEAN (2.0 kg/d) and NORM (1.9 kg/d) pigs. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) of NURSE (2.20) was lower than NORM and WEAN during the finishing period (2.40 and 2.79, respectively). Conclusion: Extended (up to 49 d) nursing for low WW pigs resulted in improved FCR during the finishing period, but no overall improvement in growth rate compared to low WW pigs weaned at 28 d and offered a specialised starter regime. Normal WW pigs where significantly heavier than low WW pigs throughout the study.

Antirheumatic drugs : Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutic Use

Craig, Gary L.,Buchanan, Watson W. Medical Publications Korea 1976 Medical Progress Vol.3 No.6

Antirheumatic Drugs : Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutic Use

Craig, Gary L.,Buchanan, Watson W. Medical Publications Korea 1976 Medical Progress Vol.3 No.7

SEGMENTATION IN AN EMERGING MARKET: INVESTOR RESPONSE TO MEXICAN STOCKS DUALLY-TRADED IN THE U.S.

Craig A Peterson,K C O'Shaughnessy People&Global Business Association 2002 Global Business and Finance Review Vol.7 No.2

In recent years capital markets have become less segmented as political and legal barriers that impede flows of financial capital have eased. As a result, many foreign corporations have chosen to offer their equity for sale in the United States. We examine the returns, risk, volatility and liquidity effects realized by domestic investors for a sample of American depository receipt programs established by Mexican companies.

Jonathan Tepper and Denis Hearn, The Myth of Capitalism: Monopolies and the Death of Competition (Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Press, 2019), 300 pp., $27.95 (hardcover), ISBN: 978-1119548195

( Craig P. Donovan ) 한국정책학회 2019 International Journal of Policy Studies Vol.10 No.1

The Tenth Commandment, René Girard, And the Good Neighborhood of Hebrew Wisdom

Craig G. Bartholomew(크레이그 바돌로뮤) 한국신학정보연구원 2015 Canon&Culture Vol.9 No.2

이 논문은 십계명의 열 번째 계명과 잠언서의 지혜 사이에 공존하는 욕망(desire)과 관계되는 부분의 연구를 통해 구약의 지혜서에서 나타난 욕망의 역할을 탐구한다. 열 번째 계명이 십계명의 정신(ethos)중 가장 핵심적인 부분이라는 것과 잠언서는 소위 “갈망의 학파”(a school of desire)라는 주장이 있다. 이에 필자는 르네 지라르(René Girard)의 “모방적 욕망”(mimetic desire)의 영향력 있는 이론에 근거하여 잠언서가 소위 “욕망”을 제한하고 규제하려는 관심에 있어서 특히 오늘날에 흔히 인식되는 것보다 더 큰 사회적인 중요성이 있다는 것을 주장하려 한다. 아울러 이 고찰은 십계명과 구약의 지혜서가 공유하는 가치 체계에 대한 이해를 돕는다. This article explores the role of desire in OT wisdom through an examination of the common ground in desire between the tenth commandment and wisdom in Proverbs. It argues that the tenth commandment is of central importance to the ethos of the Decalogue as a whole and that Proverbs is similarly a school of desire. Following the seminal work of René Girard on mimetic desire, I propose that Proverbs’ concern to constrain and direct desire is of far great societal importance, not least for today, than is often recognized. In the process, light is cast on the system of values that the Ten Commandments and OT wisdom share in common.

The Early Light and Space Environments of Robert Irwin

Craig Adcock 한국미술이론학회 2010 미술이론과 현장 Vol.9 No.-

China as the Leader of the Small and Weak: The "Ruoxiao" Nations and Guomindang Nationalism

Craig A. Smith 고려대학교 민족문화연구원 2017 Cross-Currents Vol.0 No.24

Frustrated with the “white imperialism” of the League of Nations and the “red imperialism” of the Third Communist International, a number of Chinese intellectuals began discussing possibilities for a third option during the interwar years. Turning away from liberalism and Marxism, they examined Sun Yat-sen’s Three Principles of the People and began working to promote his Principle of Nationalism as a concept that focused on the ruoxiao (weak and small nations) and could liberate people around the world that were suffering under imperialism. This discourse often centered on the possibility of creating a new form of “International,” the International of Nations, which would unite the oppressed nations of the world in opposition to the imperialist nations, rather than divide nations along class lines, as Chinese critics perceived the Comintern to do. This article examines Chinese intellectual discussions of a China-centered “International” by a variety of writers, including Dai Jitao and Hu Hanmin, from 1925 to 1937. The author shows that, although this discourse on a China-centered “International of Nations” influenced intellectuals’ perceptions of China’s position and responsibility in the world, it was consumed and invalidated by Japanese imperialism, as the Japanese Empire employed a similar discourse of pan-Asianism to justify militarism in the 1930s and 1940s.