http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Darren B. Taichman,Joyce Backus,Christopher Baethge,Howard Bauchner,Annette Flanagin,Fernando Florenzano,Frank A. Frizelle,Fiona Godlee,Laragh Gollogly,Abraham Haileamlak,Sung-Tae Hong,Richard Horton 대한의학회 2020 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.35 No.4
Many factors, including professional and personal relationships and activities, can influence the design, conduct, and reporting of the clinical science that informs health care decision. The potential for conflict of interest exists when these relationships and activities may bias judgement.1 Many stakeholders—editors, peer reviewers, clinicians, educators, policymakers, patients, and the public—rely on the disclosure of authors' relationships and activities to inform their assessments. Trust in the transparency, consistency, and completeness of these disclosures is essential.
Industry 4.0 - A challenge for variation simulation tools for mechanical assemblies
Boorla, Srinivasa M.,Bjarklev, Kristian,Eifler, Tobias,Howard, Thomas J.,McMahon, Christopher A. Techno-Press 2019 Advances in computational design Vol.4 No.1
Variation Analysis (VA) is used to simulate final product variation, taking into consideration part manufacturing and assembly variations. In VA, all the manufacturing and assembly processes are defined at the product design stage. Process Capability Data Bases (PCDB) provide information about measured variation from previous products and processes and allow the designer to apply this to the new product. A new challenge to this traditional approach is posed by the Industry 4.0 (I4.0) revolution, where Smart Manufacturing (SM) is applied. The manufacturing intelligence and adaptability characteristics of SM make present PCDBs obsolete. Current tolerance analysis methods, which are made for discrete assembly products, are also challenged. This paper discusses the differences expected in future factories relevant to VA, and the approaches required to meet this challenge. Current processes are mapped using I4.0 philosophy and gaps are analysed for potential approaches for tolerance analysis tools. Matching points of simulation capability and I4.0 intents are identified as opportunities. Applying conditional variations, incorporating levels of adjustability, and the un-suitability of present Monte Carlo simulation due to changed mass production characteristics, are considered as major challenges. Opportunities including predicting residual stresses in the final product and linking them to product deterioration, calculating non-dimensional performances and extending simulations for process manufactured products, such as drugs, food products etc. are additional winning aspects for next generation VA tools.
최준용,Somnuek Sungkanuparph,Thanomsak Anekthananon,Paul Sax,Edwin DeJesus,Howard Edelstein,Mark Nelson,Jennifer DeMorin,Hui C. Liu,Raji Swamy,반준우,황선진,양상윤,Christopher Ng,David Piontkowsky 대한감염학회 2016 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.48 No.3
The efficacy and safety of a single tablet regimen (STR) of elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (E/C/ F/TDF) were analyzed in Phase 3 clinical trials in antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve and ART-experienced Asian subjects infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1. Studies GS-US-236-102 and GS-US-236-103 were randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 144-week studies conducted in ART-naïve subjects, comparing E/C/F/TDF versus efavirenz (EFV)/F/TDF or ritonavir-boosted atazanavir (ATV+RTV) plus emtricitabine/tenofovir DF (F/TDF), respectively. Studies GS-US-236-115 and GSUS- 236-121 were randomized, open-label, 96-week long conducted in ART-experienced subjects, who switched to E/C/F/TDF from ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitors (PI+RTV)+F/TDF, or non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI)+F/TDF regimens. The E/C/F/TDF appeared to have sustained efficacy and safety and was well tolerated in the small number of ARTnaïve and ART-experienced Asian subjects.
Guthridge, Joel M.,Lu, R.,Sun, H.,Sun, C.,Wiley, Graham B.,Dominguez, N.,Macwana, Susan R.,Lessard, Christopher J.,Kim-Howard, X.,Cobb, Beth L.,Kaufman, Kenneth M.,Kelly, Jennifer A.,Langefeld, Carl D University of Chicago Press [etc.] 2014 American journal of human genetics Vol.94 No.4
Efforts to identify lupus-associated causal variants in the FAM167A/BLK locus on 8p21 are hampered by highly associated noncausal variants. In this report, we used a trans-population mapping and sequencing strategy to identify a common variant (rs922483) in the proximal BLK promoter and a tri-allelic variant (rs1382568) in the upstream alternative BLK promoter as putative causal variants for association with systemic lupus erythematosus. The risk allele (T) at rs922483 reduced proximal promoter activity and modulated alternative promoter usage. Allelic differences at rs1382568 resulted in altered promoter activity in B progenitor cell lines. Thus, our results demonstrated that both lupus-associated functional variants contribute to the autoimmune disease association by modulating transcription of BLK in B cells and thus potentially altering immune responses.