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Instuments in the Hand of God : Missionary Women in Malaya, 1815-45
Christine DORAN Ewha Womans University Press 2004 Asian Journal of Women's Studies(AJWS) Vol.10 No.1
Most previous research on female missionaries in the Asia-Pacific region has dealt with the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries, and/or has concentrated on American women. In contrast, this article explores the motives and experiences of British women who were actively involved in mission stations in the Straits Settlements in Malaya, working under the auspices of the London Missionary Society; and it examines the early period of missionary activity in the region, from 1815 to 1845. The paper focuses on a key, but previously neglected issue: the women's motives for becoming involved in missionary endeavor. These women created a notional space for themselves as mission workers, firstly by means of ideas about being useful instruments in God's work; and secondly by asserting a direct relationship with their God, unmediated by male missionaries or the officials of the missionary society. This conceptual strategy gave them scope for maneuver within gendered power structures and thus some degree of social and political leverage.
Christine Huan,Jiyun Kang,Jisu Jang 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2023 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2023 No.07
Involving issues of environmental, consumer safety and health, and/or social concerns, a morally controversial action refers to an activity that does not have a single standard of ethics for all people, making it challenging to draw a clear line between what is ethical versus unethical. Despite its ambiguity, any firm can be involved in it, especially when the firm operates in the global marketplace where a variety of social, health, and environmental consequences surrounding a given action are questioned by consumers. If consumers come to know of a familiar brand’s morally controversial behavior, it can create approach-avoidance conflicts in their minds; they may see the brand’s action as mismatched with their own moral standards (“avoidance” manifested through a measurable construct––moral incongruence), while being tempted to justify the action (“approach” manifested through moral rationalization).
Christine Falkenreck,Ralf Wagner 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2023 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2023 No.07
Political conflicts and trade tensions affect entrepreneurial activities. This paper qualitatively evaluates the success factors of a B2B company’s marketing management strategies within the context of trade policy changes. Results indicate that a strong brand, personal ties to customers, retailers and competitors, and international manufacturing sites reduce the risk. Companies not only face the challenge of disruptive innovation caused by global digitalization activities. In addition, disruptions in the macro-environment are actually increasing. One example that impedes the growth of industrial activities is the current, still escalating, US-China trade war. Unusual forms of marketing coalitions and networks in trans-organizational systems are considered key constellations to ensure future company success (Achrol, 1991). What are the success factors for a B2B company’s marketing management strategies within the context of disruptive economic market and industry conditions, e.g., international trade policy changes?
Preparing the Next Generation of Nurses
Christine A. Tanner 한국간호과학회 2011 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2011 No.10
Nurse educators from around the globe are faced with the challenge of preparing our graduates as knowledge workers-who are able to access and use best available evidence to guide their practice, who are flexible and adaptive to rapid changes in the health care environment, and who are well-grounded in the values and practices of the discipline. In addition to traditionally held competencies to provide care in hospital settings, increasingly, graduates are expected to have basic competence in health promotion, chronic illness management and end of life care, to practice effectively on interdisciplinary teams, and to lead efforts for quality improvement. Our challenge as nurse educators is to identify and teach the discipline’s most enduring concepts in the face of these expectations, an exponential increase in knowledge and rapid changes in health care delivery-preparing students for practice today, and for projected changes in nursing practice in the future. This purpose of this presentation are (1) to explore some of the most important and enduring competencies for professional nursing practice, such as clinical reasoning and health promotion ; (2) to examine advances in learning and nursing education science which might inform instructional practices ; (3) to discuss promising pedagogies for nursing education which support students’ attainment of these competencies.
Christine Anne Lawrence 서울대학교 교육연구소 2010 Asia Pacific Education Review Vol.11 No.4
Research shows teacher collaborative learning to be a powerful vehicle to mobilise teacher instructional change and pedagogical practices, and to improve student achievement. For such undertakings to have positive impact, understanding the visible features of collaborative structures may not be sufficient to ensure sustainable practice. Instead, there is a need to identify underlying pathways that provide for successful instructional improvement. The purpose of this qualitative study is to obtain deeper insights into teacher outcomes arising from this practice and to identify aspects of the lesson study structure and processes that afford such opportunities. Three subject groups consisting of ten teachers from a Singapore high school participated in this study. Implications on staff development programs will be discussed in the light of these findings.
What are Significant Predictors of Age for Receiving the Nobel Prize in Science?
Christine Charyton,Jeness L. Woodard,Mohammed A. Rahman,John O. Elliott 대한사고개발학회 2010 The International Journal of Creativity & Problem Vol.20 No.2
Creativity is generally under-recognized in science. However, recognition of the Nobel Prize often represents the pinnacle of creativity in science. Data were collected on 510 Nobel laureates in physics, chemistry and medicine/physiology from 1901 to 2006 from the official Nobel Prize website www.nobelprize.org. Historiometric data analyzed included country of award, percent of prize allocation, gender, family background, education, occupation (first position) and number of publications. Results indicated that Nobel laureates who received more allocation credit, had postdoctoral first positions and earned prizes in physics were signifycantly more likely to receive the Nobel Prize at a younger age while prizes awarded in the Americas (North America, Central America and South America) were significantly received at a later age. Demographic factors such as gender and birth order were not significant, in comparison with previous research. Instead, original ideas (demonstrated by allocation credit), subject material in physics and postdoctoral positions that foster research were significant predictors of age for receiving the Nobel Prize.
Christine Barrera,Ju-Jang Lee 제어로봇시스템학회 2011 제어로봇시스템학회 각 지부별 자료집 Vol.2011 No.12
In the past, non-rigid airship/blimp control was commonly implemented using standard fuzzy logic controllers also known as type-1 fuzzy logic controllers. For better performance, the membership function of the type-1 fuzzy controller was further optimized using different optimization methods with Genetic Algorithm (GA) being the most common. These days, however, a lot of attention is being focused on type-2 fuzzy logic controllers due to its better performance on environments with uncertainties. New optimization methods for the membership function were also being discovered. Among these methods is the Clonal Selection Algorithm (CLONALG) which was inspired from clonal selection principle based on the basic features of an adaptive immune response to an antigenic stimulus. It was proven to have superior performance than Genetic Algorithm because of its faster convergence speed and better fitness values. This method, however, still needs to be tested on an actual control application. This project developed both type-l and type-2 fuzzy logic controllers optimized by using both GA and CLONALG for a blimp control problem. The control system was divided into three parts: velocity, heading and elevation. This research provides a comparison and validates the performance benefits of type-2 over type-1 fuzzy control and CLONALG over GA. A better control with shorter rise time and settling time, less error and less sensitivity to uncertainties was also achieved by using type-2 fuzzy control combined with CLONALG optimization.