사전규제의 폐지 및 사후규제로의 전환 법리 연구

최철호 청주대학교사회과학연구소 2018 한국사회과학연구 Vol.40 No.1

Currently, the National Assembly has submitted laws such as the Regulation Sandbox Act, which is a set of regulations reform bills, but it has not yet been passed. Moon Jae-in, the president 'Regulatory reform meeting' Regulatory Reform, chaired by the policy of the enhanced through efficient, but the quality enhancement, etc in the regulations and to empower.Major national goals by pushing ahead with the regulatory reforms and a practical agenda. If the first stage of regulation reform, which has been focused on the number of regulatory reforms in Korea for nearly a year since March 2014, has focused on quantitative reform, the recent second stage of regulation reform will have great impact. The existing regulatory reform was to keep the regulations centered on entry regulations, change the licensing rights from strong regulations to weak reporting, or simplify the legal requirements and procedures of regulations. However, the government is allowed to change the licensing system to a report system, or to mitigate regulations that simplify the legal requirements and procedures of regulations, to be regulated by the administrative authorities before starting or operating the business. Therefore, the government should not be regulated in advance in order to guarantee the freedom of business, which is guaranteed as the fundamental right of the Constitution by allowing venture start-ups and businesses to be started up freely. In the course of such free operation, the government changed the method of administrative fines that served as an entry barrier to business, and the free operation of the people without prior regulation. 현재 국회에는 규제개혁을 위한 법률안들인 규제샌드박스법률안 등이 제출되어 있으나 아 직 통과가 되지 않은 상태이다. 문재인 대통령은 '규제혁신회의'를 직접 주재하면서 규제개혁 의 정책 체감도를 높여나가는데 역량을 강화하기로 하고 규제품질의 선진화 등의 실천의제를 선정하여 규제개혁을 주요 국정과제로 하여 추진하고 있다. 2014년 3월부터 1년 여간 추진해온 1단계 규제개혁이 전체적인 규제개혁의 숫자에 중심 을 두는 '양적 개혁'에 초점을 맞췄다면 최근의 2단계 규제개혁은 파급력이 큰 규제 혁파에 중심을 두는 '질적 개혁'에 규제개혁의 중심을 두고 있는 것이 특징이다. 기존의 규제개혁은 진입규제를 중심으로 하는 규제 자체는 존치시킨 상태에서 강한 규제 인 인·허가를 약한 규제인 신고제로 변경하거나, 규제의 법정 요건이나 절차를 간소화하는데 그치는 규제완화가 주된 것이었다는 한계가 있었다. 그런데 인허가제를 신고제로 변경한다든가 규제의 법정 요건이나 절차를 간소화하는 규제 완화는 여전히 창업이나 영업을 하기 전에 사전에 행정당국에 의해 규제를 받도록 하고 있기 때문에 일종의 진입장벽으로 기능할 여지가 있어서 자유롭게 창업이나 영업을 하는데 장애로 작용하고 있다. 따라서 스타트 업 등 벤처 창업이나 영업을 자유롭게 할 수 있도록 하여 헌 법에서 기본권으로 보장하고 있는 영업의 자유를 보장하기 위해서는 사전에 행정당국으로부 터 규제를 받지 않게 하는 것이 중요하다. 이처럼 창업이나 영업을 하는데 진입장벽 수단으로 기능하고 있는 사전규제방식을 전환하 여 사전에 규제를 하지 않는 자유영업을 원칙으로 하면서, 이러한 자유 영업을 하는 과정에 서 국민이나 경제에 유해한 결과를 발생시키면 그 때에 과태료, 과징금, 영업정지 등의 행정 적 제재를 가하는 사후규제방식으로 전환하는 것이 중요하다.

敎育行政에 대한 勤務評定 隔間에 관한 硏究

高喆龍 동국대학교 행정대학원 1977 행정논집 Vol.7 No.-

Ball Mill분쇄에 의한 규사의 미분성분 생성과정

沈哲鎬 尙志大學校 1997 論文集 Vol.18 No.-

소형 ball mill을 사용하여 국신규사를 건식분쇄할 때 여러 가지 조작변수들이 미분쇄에 미치는 영향을 규명하고, 분쇄생성물의 입도분포 및 분쇄속도에 관해 고찰하였다. Mill의 회전수는 임계회전수의 약60%부근에서, ball의 직경은 15mm일 때, ball의 충전율은 약 0.45 부근에서, 시료충전율 Roisn-Rammler 입도분포식을, 분쇄생성물의 분쇄속도에 관해서는 Alyavdin-Chujyo분쇄속도식을 넓은 입도범위 및 넓은 분쇄시간범위에 걸쳐서 적용할 수 있었다. Dry grinding of quartz sand was accomplished using a laboratory ball mill. The experiments were made to observe the effects of grinding variables on particle size reduction of the products. Particle size distribution and grinding rate were also correlate with size reduction. The results suggest that the most effective grinding of quartz sand can be achieved at about the 45% ball charge ratio with 15mm balls by the 60%~100% interstitial filling ratio of the sample in the void of balls at the 60%~100% interstitial filling ratio of the sample in the void of balls at the 60% critical mill speed. Rosin-Rammler's formula and Alyavdin-Chujyo's formula can represent the results by ball milling with extensive particle size distribution and grinding time.

장거리선수의 운동강도가 심박수의 변화에 미치는 영향

김철원,임상용 제주대학교 1985 논문집 Vol.20 No.-

This study was to investigate the changes of heart rate VO_(2)max (ℓ/ min ) VO_(2)max ( ㎖ / min /kg) and O_(2) Pulse max (㎖/beat) according to gradual loading by bicycle ergometer and heart checker system. The subjects were 8 long distance runners Che- Ju National University whose physical characteristics and 5000m running records were similar to those of Japanease long distance runners. Gradual loading by bicycle ergometer until physical work capacity 170 beats/min the VO_(2) max (ℓ/ min) VO_(2)max(㎖/min/kg) and O_(2) puke max (㎖/beat) were decreasing tendency These results seem to the training effects on the long distance running program.

친기스 아이트마토프와 발렌틴 라스푸틴의 두 갈래 길

권철근 서울대학교러시아연구소 1992 러시아연구 Vol.2 No.-

The two prominent Soviet writers, Chingiz Aitmatov and Valentin Rasputin, share a good deal of similarity, despite of their difference in the ethnic origin. This may be because they were born in the Eastern part of the former Soviet Union, Kirghiz republic and Irtutsk in Siberia. But in spite of their external similarity, they show us a big artistic difference in the world of their works. This fact may expose us the two different paths which the former Soviet writers may have taken under the dominance of Socialist Realism. At the center of their art, the two writers place man and his relationship to his fellow man, to society, and to nature. But their problems and conflicts are of a universal nature and transcend the narrow confines of the remote countryside. Valentin Rasputin continuously pays attention to the same topic, the problem of provincial society and people under change. Aitmatov also treats the same problem, but his description of the village under change is greatly different from that of Rasputin, who is always in the stream of village prose. Unlike Rasputin, Aitmatov is never considered as a village prose writer, because the evolution of his creative mastery reaches to the Cosmos, to the Bible. Among the many examples which show the difference of the two writers, the themes of women, children, and folklore are prominent. At the center of Aitmatov's early stories, up to "Proshchai, Gul'sary!", there are always women, such as Dzhamilia, Asel', Altynai. There is much in common between the fate of the women protagonists in Aitmatov's early prose. Most of them break with tradition and with the established pattern of life of the Kirghiz village woman. Their actions express the eternal striving for personal freedom and the desire for happiness, but most fail to achieve the desired contentment and tranquility. Therefore, the theme of the women in the early prose writings is concluded as the tragedy of women in the patriarchal society. The women in Rasputin's writings are tragic, too. The major protagonists in all the stories are simple peasant women except Nastena. Since Rasputin values most in Russian women her goodness, tranquility, conscientiousness, and the feeling of an involuntary responsibility and guilt for all and everything that happens in this world, Rasputin's women are good, devoted, selfless, and ready for self-sacrifice. The roles played by the children in the works of Aitmatov are played by the old women in the works of Rasputin. Both Children and old women observe reality and tell us about their impressions. In the world of the two writers the ethical values professed by the society are measured in relation to its attitude to the young and the old. Evil and corruption, existing in the society, are juxtaposed with the naive faith in goodness and pureness experienced by the children and in the personal experience of the life passed through by the old. Thus, both the children and the old women become an index of value judgement for the society they belong. The elements of folklore are various. Among the many folkloric elements, Rasputin adopts the animistic belief, such as Master, while Aitmatov uses totemistic belief, such as Deer mother Maral, Great Fish Woman. The study of the two belief systems shows us that totemism in nature is colorful and grand, while animism pale, submissive, and potential. This also shows the different nature between them. Aitmatov's view on the development of Soviet literature and the arts reflect very much the official position in the realm of artistic evolution. But Rasputin encountered rather severe critical reception for the world of Matera. The comparison of the two writers quite clearly shows us their difference in the nature of their writings.

북한 국어교과서의 체제와 내용

韓哲愚 한국교원대학교 한국어문교육연구소 1998 한국어문교육 Vol.7 No.-

補强土工法에 使用되는 補强材의 開發에 관한 硏究

任哲雄,金斗焌,白榮植,韓相賢 慶熙大學校 1989 論文集 Vol.18 No.-

A new reinforcement system, the Geolog, is developed which can be used as the reinforcements in the reinforced earth method. The Geolog consists of the epoxy coated steel bar with the reinforced concrete logs. The main advantages of the Geolog are as follows: (1) It can expect the passive earth resistance in addition to the friction, which is the only source of the conventional reinforcements. (2) The length and diameter of the Geolog can be easily adjusted in accordance with the field conditions. (3) It can be easily manufactured in this country without the sophisticated materials and as the consequence it is economical in comparison with other imported reinforcements.

空氣小銃射擊의 命中率에 關한 硏究(II)

金鐵元 제주대학교 1981 논문집 Vol.13 No.-

空氣小銃射擊의 命中率에 關한 要因을 把握하고자 前報에 이어 1980年에서 1981年까지 各射擊大會에 參加했던 咸德中學校 10m 空氣小銃射擊選手 男子 4名을 對象으로 命中率과 精神條件 및 Biorhythm을 調査 分析한 結果 다음과 같은 結論을 얻었다. 各大會別 命中率과 꼭 一致하지는 않지만 精神條件의 成績이 優秀할수록 命中率도 높았으며 個人選手別로는 B가 命中率 369.5点(92.38%)에 精神條件 43.83点으로 가장 높았고, C는 命中率 360.33点(90.08%)로 가장 낮았으며 精神條件에서도 36.5点으로 劣等한 成績을 나타내고 있다. 이와는 달리 D의 경우는 命中率 364.17点(91.04%)인데 精神條件은 35.83点으로 가장 낮은 成績을 보이고 있어 精神條件만 安定시켜준다면 좋은 成績이 期待되리라 본다. Study was made to investigate the factors affecting the hit ratio of air rifle during the six National Shooting Contests. Four marksmen from Ham-duk middle school boys were participated in this survey. The mental stability before shooting was examined and classifed as A (40.83 point), B (43.83 point), C (36.50 point) and D (35.83 point). A core-lationship between the hit ratio and mental stability, biorhythm were analized. The hit ratio was not consiant with the mental stability before shooting but there were tendency toward the higher hit ratio in the marksmen with stable mental condition than unstable marksmen. Hit ratio was recorded in A 90.29%, B 92.28%, C 90.08%, D and 91.04%. It was suggested that the hit ratio can be improved by making stable mental condition of marksmen before shooting.

肺機能에 있어서의 最新知見

韓徹鏞 亞洲藥品 1988 臨床 醫藥 Vol.4 No.3

공회전 차량의 CO와 NOx의 배출 특성

정철현,이상권,정장표 慶星大學校 1998 論文集 Vol.19 No.1

Emissions of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides from domestic passenger cars were investigated using a portable gas analyzer(model: Kane May Quintox). The average concentrations of CO emitted from the vehicles selected randomly and classified by a model, ranged from 2,000 ppm to 3,000 ppm, while the concentrations of NOx ranged from 40 to 50 ppm. In addition, the very poor relationship among CO and NOx emissions, vehicle ages, and driving distance was observed. The results suggest that a strict emission regulation of vehicle exhaust gases, in manufacturing a new car, may be much more important for the CO and NOx emissions rather than an optimum maintenance of old cars.