Metarrhizium anisopliae(Metschn.) Sorok이 생산하는 Biopolymer YU-122의 생산과 그 특성

최용석,옥승호,유주현,배동현 한국산업미생물학회 1997 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.25 No.1

토양으로부터 분리한 Metarrhizium anisopliae (Metschn.) Sorok이 생산하는 biopolymer를 정제하여 분석하고, 그의 생산조건을 검토하였다. 탄소원으로 mannitol, 질소원으로는 polypepton을 사용했을 때 가장 많은 biopolymer를 생산하였고 K_2HPO_4 및 CaCl_2를 첨가함으로서 생산량이 더욱 증가하였다. 또한 이 biopolymer를 정제하여 그 분자량과 구성성분을 검토한 결과 Metarrhizium anisopliae(Metschn.) Sorok이 생산하는 Biopolymer YU-122는 분자량이 1.7×10 exp (6)이고, C, H의 구성비가 1:2이며 미량의 N이 검출되었으나, 주 구성성분은 glucose와 galactose의 환원당으로 이루어져있는 전혀 새로운 biopolymer인 것으로 나타났다. To produce biopolymer, Metarrhizium anisopliae (Metschn.) Sorok was cultured in a medium containing glucose 1.0%, sucrose 2.0%, soluble starch 1.0%, yeast extract 0.5%, polypeptone 0.5%, K_2HPO_4 0.1%, MgSO_4·7H_2O 0.02%. The culture broth was centrifuged and the polymer was harvested by adding methanol to the culture supernatant. When three times of methanol was added, the polymer was coagulated and precipitated. Then it was further purifued through successive SK-1B, SA-20P, HP-20 column chromatographies. This polymer was designated as Biopolymer YU-122. C:H ratio of this Biopolymer YU-122 was 1:2 and small amount of N is detected by CHN analyzer. Glucose and galactose are main components of this polymer. Average molecular weight of this biopolymer was 1.7×10 exp (6) by Sepharose 4B gel permeation chromatography. Optimal condition for biopolymer production was investigated. When 5% of mannitol was used as a carbon source, and polypepton as a N source, highest productivity of biopolymer was achieved. C/N ratio as nutrient was also a major factor in polymer production and its optimal ratio was 3.

실과(기술ㆍ가정) 교육과정에서 정보통신기술(ICT)의 통합적 수용방안

최유현(Choi Yu Hyun) 한국실과교육학회 2004 한국실과교육학회지 Vol.17 No.1

The purposes of this study were to analyze reflected contents of Information Communication Technology on 7th Practical arts curriculum, to suggest the strategies of teaching and learning methods and educational contents that Information Communication Technology integrate into practical arts education. 1. In 7th curriculum, Information Communication Technology in Practical arts education have reflected as two aspects of educational content and methodology. 2. The strategy of restructuring lesson units would suggested for Information Communication Technology integrate into practical arts education in current stage. 3. For the future, the strategy of curriculum restructuring would suggested for Information Communication Technology integrate into practical arts education in educational content aspect. And in the educational methodology aspect, the Choi’s ICT model for practical arts education will be applied. As a result of that, I suggest that the study of this matter should be continued more specifically.

제7차 실과 교육과정 적용에 따른 효율적인 운영 전략 탐색

崔劉鉉 仁川敎育大學校 科學敎育硏究所 1999 과학교육논총 Vol.11 No.-

21세기를 눈앞에 두고 '자율과 창의에 바탕을 둔 학생 중심 교육과정'의 기본 철학을 두고 있는 제7차 교육과정의 고시됨에 따라 각 교과에서의 교육과정 운영 방향의 논의는 중요한 의미를 갖는다. 따라서 제7차 실과 교육과정도 고시된 교육과정의 틀을 기반으로 구체적인 운영 전략이 필요하며, 이리한 논의는 실과교육이 본질적으로 추구하고 있는 기본 철학을 함의할 수 있어야 할 것이다. 이 연구는 이러한 필요성에서 다음과 같은 연구문제를 다루었다. 1) 지금까지 변천되어온 실과 교육과정의 특징은 무엇인가? 2) 제7차 교육과정에 비추어 본 실과 교육의 위상과 실과 교육과정이 담고 있는 내용이 무엇이며, 어떠한 의미를 내포하고 있는가? 3) 제7차 실과 교육과정 운영 효율화를 위한 지향점과 기본 전략은 무엇인가? 이 연구의 문제를 논의한 결과, 실과교육의 본질에 터한 교육과정 운영의 지향점은 1) 창조적 변용 가능성을 열어주는 노작교육, 2) 기술적 교양 능력을 제고하는 실과교육, 3) 자신감(근면성)을 키워주는 실과교육, 3) 생활 문제해결 능력을 키워주는 실과교육, 4) 학습자 중심의 실천적인 실과고육, 4) 인성교육을 실천하는 실과교육 등으로 제시되었다. 그리고 제7차 실과교육의 효율적인 운영의 기본 전략은 이러한 지향점을 기반으로 1) 창의적 문제해결력과 협동적인 교육 방법을 모색하고, 2) 학습자의 수업 과정 및 결과를 참으로 가치있게 평가할 수 있는 전략과 더불어, 3) 실과 교육과정을 전개하는 데 필수적인 시설 및 설비의 교육환경적 노력, 그리고 4) 교사의 전문적인 자질을 높이거나 제도적으로 이를 보완할 수 있는 방안이 모색되어야 할 것이다. The purpose of this study was to discuss the fundamental directions and strategies for implementation of the 7th national curriculum of practical arts education in elementary school. The study was carried out through reviewing of literature The findings of this study were as followings; 1. The fundamental directions of practical arts education as an implementing of the 7th national curriculum were discussed as followings; 1) learning by doing based on student's creativity and reflection, 2) purposing of technological literacy, 3) student's self-confidence, 4) real life-problem solving approach, 5) student's desirable personality. 2. The basic strategies for the instruction improvement of practical arts education were presented as followings; 1) teaching and learning based on problem solving and cooperative approach, 2) authentic assessement based on student's performance and product, 3) preparing the educational environment of facilities and materials, 4) teacher's professional competency for teaching of practical arts.

중학교 기술과 교육을 위한 직소 응용 협동학습 모형의 적용 전략

최유현,김윤희 忠南大學校 工業敎育硏究所 2005 論文集 Vol.27 No.1

The purposes of this study were to review the models of extended Jigsaw cooperative learning, and to strategies of its models for technology education in the middle school. Therefore, the study was conducted through literature research on the theory of Jigsaw-related cooperative learning. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The established models of extended Jigsaw cooperative learning in this study were 7 : Jigsaw, Jigsaw n, Jigsaw III, Double Expert Group Jigsaw, Partner Expert Group Jigsaw, Co-op Jigsaw I, Co-op Jigsaw II. 2. The 6 lesson plans based on the 7 models of extended Jigsaw cooperative learning (Jigsaw, Jigsaw II+Jigsaw III, Double Expert Group Jigsaw, Partner Expert Group Jigsaw, Co-op Jigsaw I, Co-op Jigsaw II) were developed. The the models of extended Jigsaw cooperative learning, and to strategies of its models for technology education in the middle school should be conducted experimental study in classrooms in following study.

大都市 周邊 小都市의 都市化에 따른 住居特性 變化에 관한 硏究 : 梁山市 熊上邑을 中心으로

최열,신현묵,유숙향 釜山大學校 都市問題硏究所 2003 都市硏究報 Vol.14 No.-

This study examines a changes of the small town around the metropolitan area as the process of urbanization. And, to know the change of the residential characteristics by this process, Ungsang-up in the city of Yang-san is selected for the case study. This purpose of this study are that find out how to establish an desirably residential environment of the small town around the metropolitan area, and, moreover, the way of easing the overpopulated metropolitan area. Today, the problems of the metropolitan area like overcrowding are not formed itself, and then the solution have to be found in relation to that of the small town around it. The results of this study, to improve the residential condition of the small town, are that, first, a great variety of opportunities for employment. Second, the housing of the simply quantitative suppling but the housing of being superior in quality have to be made and various residential environments have to be created. At the last, the facilities to solve the desire of culture and education for residents living in have tot be provided in the small town around a metropolitan area.

한국 기술과 교육과정 변천 과정과 미래 전망

崔劉鉉 仁川敎育大學校 科學敎育硏究所 2000 과학교육논총 Vol.12 No.-

이 연구는 기술과 교육과정의 변천과정 상의 특징을 찾고, 그 관점에 기초하여 교육과정 변천 내용을 비교 분석하고 미래 기술과 교육과정의 향후 전망을 조망하는데 기본적인 목표를 두었다. 따라서 이 연구는 기술과 교육과정 변천시기를 기술과 교육의 태동기, 기술과 교육의 정착기, 기술과 교육의 발전기, 기술과 교육의 전환기, 기술과 교육의 통합기로 구분하였다 그리고 중학교 및 고등학교 기술과 교육과정 상의 목표, 내용들이 비교되었다. 한편 미래 기술과 교육과정의 전망은 '기술'과 '가정'과의 통합 교육과정 문제, 초등학교 '실과'와의 수직적 계열성 문제와 기술 교육내용 구조 문제, 기술과 교육과정에서 함의해야 할 목표, 내용, 방법, 평가의 지향점을 제기하였다. The purpose of this study was to review the curriculum developments and visions of the national curriculum of technology education in Korea. The study was carried out through reviewing of literature. In conclusion, Times of curriculum development of technology education were classified the quickening period (the 2nd curriculum period), the developing period (the 3rd and 4th curriculum period), the transforming period( the 6th curriculum period), and the integrating period (the 7th curriculum period). The future issues of technology education were proposed the problems such as integration of Technology and Home economics, sequence between Technology-Home Economics in the secondary school level and Practical Arts in the elementary school level, and directions of instructional strategies based on cooperative problem solving and authentic assessment.

麥類條播機用 上向切削 로터리의 碎土性과 所要動力에 關한 硏究(Ⅰ)

崔圭洪,洪顯裕,李承奇 建國大學校 附設 農業資源開發硏究所 1993 農資源開發論集 Vol.18 No.-

본 시험은 麥類畦立細條播機 逆回轉 로터리 作業時 耕深을 16cm로 고정하고 耕耘 피치 및 토양수분 차이가 PTO軸의 토크와 所要動力 排水溝의 형상 및 쇄토율 등에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 벼 수확을 마치고 벼그루가 남아 있는 埴壤土의 논에서 시험을 실시하였으며 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) PTO軸의 平均토크 및 最大토크는 토양수분에 따라 차이는 있지만 逆回轉 로터리의 耕耘 토크는 耕耘 피치 6cm이하에서는 耕耘 피치 증가에 따라 직선적으로 증가하지만 耕耘 피치 6cm이상에서는 耕耘 피치 증가에 관계없이 거의 일정한 경향이었다. 2) 作業速度와 排水溝 殘存흙 및 覆土狀態는 逆回轉 로터리의 주행속도가 느릴수록 또 PTO回轉速度가 빠를수록 양호하여 주행속도 1단 PTO 3단에서 가장 좋게 나타났다. 3) 쇄토율은 耕耘 피치가 증가할수록 또 토양수분이 높을수록 쇄토율은 떨어지는 경향이었으며, 충분한 碎土程度를 얻기 위하여는 耕耘 피치를 3cm이하로 하고 가능한 토양수분 함량 31.7%(d.b) 이하에서 작업하는 것이 좋을 것으로 판단되었다. 4) PTO軸의 所要動力은 작업속도 1∼4단 로터리 變速段數 1∼3段에서의 PTO軸 所要動力은 토양수분 38.0%(d.b)일 때 5.1∼14.5ps, 35.5%(d.b)의 경우 7.9∼14.2ps, 31.7%(d.b)일 때는 4.6∼12.7ps로 나타나 토양수분이 증가할수록 소용동력은 증가하다가 다시 감소하는 경향이었다. 5) 覆土狀態는 耕耘 피치가 적을수록 양호하여 주행속도 1단 PTO 3단의 경우 가장 좋았으며, 작업능률면을 고려할 때 排水溝 程度, 覆土狀態, 所要動力 및 作業能率 등을 고려할 때 畦立 로터리 파종작업시 PTO變速段數는 3단으로 하고 주행단수는 토양수분 함량 31.7%(d.b) 내외에서는 3단, 토양수분함량 35.5%(d.b) 내외에서는 2단, 토양수분 함량 38.0%(d.b) 이상에서는 1단으로 작업하여야 할 것으로 판단된다. This study was carried out to investigate the soil pulverization rate and power requirement of up-cut rotary of wheat and barley drill seeder for tractor by tilling pitch and soil moisture content. The experiment was conducted in the paddy field of clay roam remaining stem of paddy rice after harvesting. The results are summarized as follows: 1) Average and maximum torque of PTO shaft was increased in proportion with tilling pitch in less than 6cm, but was apt to definite over than 6cm of tilling pitch. 2) The working speed, status of remaining and covering soil in drainage was good in proportion with decrease the travelling speed of up-cut rotary and increae the revolutions per minute. Therefore, the working status in drainage was best in forward first gear and PTO third stage. 3) The soil pulverization rate was decreased according to increase the tilling pitch and soil moisture content. It was concluded that tilling work in 31.7 percent of soil moisture content and less than 3cm of tilling pitch would be good. 4) The power requirement of PTO shaft by soil moisture content were 5.2∼14,5ps in 38.0 percent, 7.9∼14.2ps in 35.1 percent and 4.6∼12.7ps in 31.7 percent soil moisture content. So the power requirement of PTO shaft was apt to increase in proportion with soil moisture content the first and decrease the last. 5) The status of soil covering was good in forward first gear and PTO third stage. When it was considered the status of drainage, covering the soil and power requirement in working performance, it was concluded that the PTO stage would be third and working speed would be forward third gear in 31.7 percent, forward second gear in 35.5 percent and forward first gear in 38.0 percent of moisture content.

가족성 정신분열병 환자에서 임상 특성의 가족내 연관성

최경숙,이유상,장용이,조은영,전현옥,김창현,김상욱,홍경수 大韓神經精神醫學會 2004 신경정신의학 Vol.43 No.5

Objectives : This study aims at examining familial associations of symptoms and clinical characteristics in affected sibling or relative pairs of schizophrenia as an effort to identify genetically homogeneous phenotypes. Methods : Forty-seven relative pairs with DSM-IV diagnosis of schizophrenia from thirty-five Korean families multiply affected with schizophrenia were ascertained. Direct interviews were done using the Korean version of Diagnostic Interview for Genetic Studies (DIGS). The Krawieka Rating Scale and the Schedule for the Deficit Syndrome were also applied for further evaluation of psychopathologies. Intra-familial concordances and correlations of clinical characteristics and symptoms were tested using χ² -test and Spearman's correlation. Results : Significantly high concordance rate within relative pairs was found for the diagnosis of paranoid vs. non-paranoidsubtype (χ²=7.623, P=0.006, df=1). Deficit vs. non-deficit syndrome also showed significant concordance (χ² =3.850, p=0.0497, df=1). Among single symptom items in DIGS, only 'auditory hallucination' showed significant concordance rate ( χ² =5.503, P=0.019, df=1). Factor analysis for symptoms items in the Rrawiecka Rating Scale indicated three symptom dimensions ; negative, psychotic and affective, Psychotic (P =0.442, P=0.003) and affective dimension scores (p =0.427, P=0.004) showed significant intra-familial correlations. Age at onset of recognized psychotic symptoms showed significant correlation only within the male sibling pairs. Conclusion : Familial factors, Possibly genetic factor contribute to the phenotypic characteristics of paranoid vs. non-para-noid subtype, deficit vs. non-deficit syndrome, auditory hallucination, and affective syndrome, It supports their use in the delineation of homogeneous subgroups for future genetic studies.

산업장 소음노출 실태에 관한 조사

최형일,정경훈,유현종 조선대학교 환경공해연구소 1999 環境公害硏究 Vol.15 No.2

This research conducted an analysis of instantaneous sound pressure levels by means of classifying 246 processes at 41 workplaces in 11 kinds of industries. This research aims reveal how much noise level of each enterprise are exposed to the environment. This study investigated the distribution of noise induced hearing loss and the instantaneous sound pressure level in the audible frequency band. It also investigated the exposure intensity and characteristic of noise frequency according to the classification of industries. A frequency analysis was conducted on the processes which exceeded 85 dB(A). In addition, it was analyzed that the result of special health checkups and survey the laborers knowledge about noise according to their general characteristics. The rate of wearing protectors was also survey and the following findings were obtained : 1. Among the 246 processes of survey objects, the processes which exceeded 90dB(A), which is the maximum permissible standard for noise exposure designated by the ministry of labor were, 55 places, which corresponded to 22.4%. 2. When the analysis on frequency characteristics of 120 processes which exceeded 85 dB(A) in surveyed industries was conducted, the processes at 20 places, 16.7% showed the highest sound pressure level in the high frequency band which represented higher than 2 kHz. 3. The laborers having opinions that they had noise induced hearing loss were 85, which was 10.6% of 802 laborers who were the survey objects. 4. As for the rate of noise induced hearing according to age and years of service of laborers, the rate of noise induced hearing loss appeared higher as their ages increased and their years of service increased. 5. As for the tendency of recognizing their working environment, 80% of the subjects stated that their working sites were noisy, 51.2% stated that they easily felt tired.

초등 실과교육 전공 대학원 교육과정 연구 : 진단과 처방

최유현 仁川敎育大學校 科學敎育硏究所 2004 과학교육논총 Vol.16 No.-

이 연구는 초등 실과교육 대학원 교육과정의 현상적 진단과 학문적 배경에 기초하여 새로운 교육과정의 모델을 제안하는데 있었다. 따라서 연구 방법은 초등실과교육학의 학문적 범주를 구조화하기 위하여 관련 문헌을 고찰하고, 현재의 교육대학교 초등 실과교육 전공 교육대학원 및 한국교원대학교 초등 실과교육 전공 대학원의 12개 교육과정을 비교 분석하는 방법으로 수행되었다. 이 연구의 결론을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 전국 교육대학교 교육대학원 실과교육 전공 교육과정의 분석 결과는, 초등실과 교육학 영역에서는 실과교육 개론 및 문제(24.2%) 범주와 실과 교육 연구(22.7%) 범주가 다른 범주보다 높은 구성비를 차지하고 있다. 실과내용 교육학과 이론학 분야를 통틀어서 가정과학, 기술학, 생명과학, 정보과학, 환경교육, 진로교육 순으로 분포를 보이고 있다. 둘째, 이 연구에서 제안하는 초등 실과교육 전공 대학원 교육과정 구성의 기본 원칙을 중심으로 제안하는 교육과정은 모델은 교육학 강조 모델, 내용학 강조 모델, 교육학 및 내용학 조화모델로 제시하여 대학별로 특성화할 수 있도록 하였다. The purpose of this study was to develop the model of on the curriculum of graduate school in the elementary practical arts education. Therefore, the study was conducted through literature research on the curriculum of elementary practical arts education in the 12 graduate school of national university of education. The results of this study were as follows; First, the basic domains of the curriculum model of÷ graduate school in the elementary practical arts education were general pedagogy of practical arts education, content pedagogy of practical arts education, theory for content of Practical Arts Education. And the domain of content of practical arts education were proposed as home economics, technology education, general agriculture, information communication technology, career education environment education. Second, the three models of the curriculum model of graduate school in the elementary practical arts education were proposed as the pedagogy focused model, the content focused model, and the balance model of pedagogy and content.