순환 신경망의 하드웨어 구현

김정욱(Cheong-Wook Kim),오종훈(Jong-Hoon Oh) 한국정보과학회 2001 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.28 No.1B

최근에는 순환 신경망의 생성모델이 비교사 학습에 관련하여 활발히 연구되고 있다. 이러한 형태의 신경망은 형태 추출이나 인식에 효과적으로 사용될 수 있는 반면 반복 loop를 사용하므로 대단히 많은 계산이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 Oh와 Seung에 의해 제안된 상향전파(Up-propagation) network이라는 순환 신경망을 FPGA를 이용해서 구현하였다. 단층 신경망은 9개의 상층 neuron과 256개의 하층 neuron으로 구성되 있으며 4만 게이트의 FPGA 하나로 효과적으로 구현할 수 있다. pipeline된 곱셈기로 계산 속도를 향상시켰고 sigmoid 전달함수는 유한 정밀도의 2차 다항식으로 근사될 수 있다. 구현된 하드웨어는 hand-written 숫자 영상인 USPS data를 재생하는데 사용되었으며 좋은 결과를 얻었다.

폐탄광 주변 하천의 수질조사

정경훈,최형일,정오진,정재경,강성환,조영찬 조선대학교 환경연구소 1998 環境硏究 Vol.14 No.1

The Water quality for river surrounding closed coal mine in Hwasun area Chunnam was investigated. The investigated factors were pH, turbidity, conductivity, Fe, SO_^-2, Ca, and Mg concentration, and the crystallization form and components of suspended solids were also investigated by scanning electron microscope and energy dispersion system. Extremely high value of turbidity and conductivity were represented in Honam Kwangup (N-7) and Honam Tanza (N-3)area, respectively. Fe concentration was lower in all sampling sites, and the concentration of SO_4^-2 ion was higher than 200㎎/L in all sampling sites excepting Dongyang Tanggwang area (N-2) and Hwail wetland (N-11). The SEM micrograph and EDS analysis showed that the crystallization form of the suspended solids was formless, These particles have size of less than 10㎛ and the main components was O, Al, Fe and S. The corelation values between conductivity and Mg, SO_4^-2, and Ca were 0.967, 0.959, 0.931, respectively, and the results indicate good corelation.

배드민턴 드롭샷 동작의 운동학적 분석

오정환,최수남,정익수 한국운동역학회 2005 한국운동역학회지 Vol.15 No.1

C. H. OH, S. N. CHOI, I. S. JEONG. Kinematic Analysis of the Badminton Drop-shot Motion. Korean Journal of Sport Biomechartics, Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 221-235, 2005. The purpose of this study was to analyse badminton players' drop-shots, in order to make players understand the principles of drop-shot motion in badminton. Three dimensional analysis was used to measure movements such as the time required per section, the change of center of gravity, joint angle and speed, and joint speed. The results of this study revealed as follows: (1) top players are faster than amateurs in the total time required per section; (2) top players moved more in the x-axis and z-axis, while amateurs moved more in the y-axis; (3) the inclination of amateurs was greater than that of top players in all phases; (4) amateurs showed larger angle on the shoulder joints than top players in the first phase, while top players showed larger angle on the shoulder joint than amateurs in the second and third phase. Amateurs' angle was larger on angle joint in the first phase than top players' ones, while top players' angle was larger in the third phase than amateurs; (5) the speed of racket head of top players was faster than that of amateurs; and the velocity of the center of gravity of amateurs was greater than that of the top players. The findings of this study were that gravity decreases during impact and then the velocity increases to perform the follow-through and making the swing fast by increasing the speed of the racket head is most important.

페탄광 주변 하천의 수질조사

정경훈,최형일,정오진,정재경,강성환,조영찬 조선대학교 환경공해연구소 1998 環境公害硏究 Vol.14 No.-

The Water quality for river surrounding closed coal mine in Hwasun area Chunnam was investigated. The investigated factors were pH, turbidity, conductivity, Fe, SO_(4)^(-2), Ca, and Mg concentration, and the crystallization form and components of suspended solids were also investigated by scanning electron microscope and energy dispersion system Extremely high value of turbidity and conductivity were represented in Honam Kwangup (N-7) and Honam Tanza (N-3)area, respectively. Fe concentration was lower in all sampling sites, and the concentration of SO_(4)^(-2) ion was higher than 200mg/L in all sampling sites excepting Dongyang Tanggwang area (N-2) and Hwail wetland (N-11). The SEM micrograph and EDS analysis showed that the crystallization form of the suspended solids was formless, These particles have size of less than 10??and the main components was O, Al, Fe and S. The corelation values between conductivity and Mg, SO_(4)^(-2), and Ca were 0.967, 0.959, 0.931, respectively, and the results indicate good corelation.

알루미늄의 전기분해를 이용한 인 제거

정경훈,최형일,정오진,최칠남,정재경 한국환경과학회 2000 한국환경과학회지 Vol.9 No.1

Laboratory experiments were performed to investigate the effects of various factors on the phosphorus removal by electrolysis with aluminium electrodes. The efficiency of phosphorus removal increased with increasing of voltage applied, surface area of electrodes and electrolyte concentration, and decreasing of electrode distance. The phosphorus removal was not affected by the connection number of an electric circuit. The amount of aluminium ion eluted from electrodes according to Faraday's law was 4.47 ㎎ and the Al/P mole ratio was 2.14 at the electric current value of 20 ㎃.

투스템 수직점프의 운동 역학적 분석

오정환,이종호 忠南大學校體育科學硏究所 2002 體育科學硏究誌 Vol.20 No.1

The purpose of this study was to identify kinetics factors during the two-step vertical jump. Two college students representing college were participated as the subject. The three-dimensional visual analysis and ground reaction were used for the purpose of this study. The results of this study were as follows: (1) the time spent jump took 0.13 seconds and the height of jump was 63.55cm during two-step vertical jump: (2) the speed of upper segment were appeared in order hand, forearm, upper arm, trunk and the lower segments were the thigh and crus in order during two-vertical jump: (3) the angles of shoulder joint, hip joint, knee joint, and ankle were 94.1°, 105.2°, 116.4°, and 84.2°, respectively during taking arms back: (4) the speeds of shoulder joint, knee joint, ankle joint, hip joint were 1926.9deg/sec, 626.6deg/sec, 546.4deg/sec, and 368.4deg/sec, respectively: (5) the vertical speed of the central gravity on body was 362.1cm/sec and the force that was applied to vertical was 1154.2N/sec during the two-step vertical jump: (7) hands, forearms, upper arms, trunk, and head were going down and feet, lower limbs, and thigh were going up vertically during the two-step vertical jump.

핸드스프링 무릎굽혀 앞공중돌기 동작의 운동학적 분석

오정환 忠南大學校體育科學硏究所 2003 體育科學硏究誌 Vol.21 No.1

The purpose of this study was to analyze movements of hand-spring soalto forward tucked with knees bended. Ten college gymnasts were selected in this study and divided into good performance group and poor performance one. Three dimensional analysis was used to measure movements such as the time required per pace, the change of center of gravity, joint angle and speed, and joint speed. The results of this study revealed as follows: 1. In the category of the time required per pace, the good performance group was 0.02 second faster than the poor performance one at the third pace. The poor performance group was 0.02 seconds, 0.02 seconds and 0.04 seconds faster than the other group at the second, fourth, and total pace, respectively. 2. In the category of change of center of gravity, the good performance group was 11cm, 85cm, and 62cm higher than the other group at die second, fourth, and fifth, respectively. The poor performance group was 1663.9cm and 2cm higher than the other group at the first and third pace. 3. In the category of average joint of the body, the poor performance group showed larger angle an die elbow joints than the other group did. No significant differences were found between two groups an the joints, hip joints, and knee joints. 4. I the category of average of angle speed, the good performance group showed better speed an the shoulder joints than the other group did. The poor performance group showed better angle speed an the knee joint than the other group did. No significant differences were found an the elbow joint and hip joint. 5. In the category of average acceleration of the body joint, the good performance group showed better speed on the elbow and shoulder joints than the other group did. The poor performance group showed better speed on the hip joint than the other group. There were no significant differences in the knee joints between them.

농구 자유투 동작의 운동학적 분석

오정환,박현수 忠南大學校體育科學硏究所 2003 體育科學硏究誌 Vol.21 No.1

The purpose of this study is to provide the characteristics of the free throw motion about the middle school students and scientific data indispensible to die technical instructions for die basketball. The analytic methods of the 3-dimensional images for the free throw motions was used and the subjects of the this study were seven male basketball players and seven male non-players. Using the KWON3D Motion Analysis Package(version 3.0) the kinematic variables(time, displacement, velocity, angle) were measured and analysed. The conclusions were as follows ; 1) The elapsed time of shooting phase was measured to be 0.309 seconds for the player group, 0.283 seconds for die non-player group. It was shown that the elapsed time of shooting phase for the player is longer than that of the non-player group. 2) The center of gravity displacement was measured to be 108.72cm for the player group, 111.61cm for die non-player group. It was shown that die center of gravity displacement for the player is larger than that of the non-player group. 3) It was shown that the velocity of rigid body for the player group is faster than that of the non-player group and the velocity of center of gravity for die non-player group is faster than that of the player group. In the case of analysing the forearm and upperarm, the player group was faster in L1, the non-player group was faster in L2 4) The ball release velocity was measured to be 659.99cm/sec for the player group and 665.11cm/sec for the non-player group and it was made no meaning difference both the two groups. 5) The angle of wrist joint was measured to be 138.37°, 121.04° in L1 and 189.93°, 184.62° in L2. In L1, the wrist joint of the non-player group was twisted and in L2 the wrist joint of the player group was extended. In the case of analysing the angle of elbow joint and shoulder joint, it was made no meaning difference both the two groups. The body's front and rear inclination angle was measured to be 171.06°in L1 and 174.82°in L2. It was shown that the body's front and rear inclination angle for the player group is larger than that for the non-player group. 6) The ball projection angle is measured to be 56.41°for the player group and 56.87° for the non-player group and it was made no difference both the two groups.

휘발성유기화합물로 오염된 토양의 계면활성제 세척시 처리효율 비교 -환경부의 환경주제도 및 승인통계를 중심으로-

오동익,최청렬 대구대학교 환경기술연구소 2005 미래환경기술 Vol.1 No.2

지반 내에서의 휘발성 유기 화합물의 수착 거동을 이해하고 계면활성제를 이용한 추출효율을 측정하여 적용가능성을 검토하기 위하여 수착 실험과 연속 탈착 실험을 실시하였다. 김포 수도권 매립지 3공구 원지반 흙을 대상으로 하였고, 휘발성 유기 화합물로는 benzene, ethylbenzene, toluene, o-xylene, p-xylene등과 같은 BTEX류와 TCE를 사용하였다. 계면활성제로는 Brij 35, Triton X-100, Tween 20 등의 비이온성 계면활성제와 DowFax(음이온성 계면활성제)를 사용하였다. 실험에 선정된 대상 유기 화합물의 김포매립지 원지반 흙으로의 수착은 4일 이내 평형에 도달하였다. 대상 유기 화합물로 오염된 흙을 계면활성제 용액을 주입하여 세척한 결과, 물만으로 세척했을 때보다 좋은 세척효율을 보였다. 실험에 선정된 계면활성제들은 CMC값의 2배로 주입된 경우가 1배, 4배의 경우로 주입된 경우에 비하여 세척효율이 가장 우수하였다. Twin-head group을 가진 음이온성 계면활성제인 DowFax가 비이온성 계면활성제(Triton X-100, Tween 20, Brij 35)에 비해 대상 휘발성 유기 화합물에 대한 세척효율이 우수하였다. Sorption isotherm tests and successive reverse isotherm tests using Kimpo Sudokwon landfill soil were conducted (1) to understand the sorption behavior of volatile organic compounds onto a soil; (2) to investigate the extraction efficiencies of surfactants; and (3) to evaluate the field application of surfactant extraction technology. Benzene, ethylbenzene, toluene, trichloroethylene, o-xylene, and p-xylene were selected as the target compounds. Three nonionic surfactants, i.e., Brij 30, Triton X-100, and Tween 20 and a anionic, DowFax were used for tests. The sorption of the VOCs tested in this study onto the soil reached equilibrium in 72 hours. The VOC extraction efficiencies of surfactants from the VOC contaminated soil specimens were higher than those of distilled water. When the dosage of surfactant were two times of CMC, the VOC extraction efficiency were the greatest among the dosages tested. DowFax which contains two-head group showed much higher VOC extraction efficiency than the other tested nonionic surfactants.

가로환경요소에 따른 고층집합주택의 외관색채계획에 관한 연구

이청웅,김무오,정가영 朝鮮大學校 建設技術硏究所 2006 建設技術硏究 Vol.26 No.1

This study examined types and color conditions of street views through relationship of high-storied apartment house to environment components which has great visual influence on urban street view and requires harmony with street environment as background factor and conducted positive experiment with high-storied apartment houses located at housing site development districts in Gwangju Metropolitan City since 1990s in order to set applicable color ranges in designing colors of high-storied apartment houses which became background of street view by types. Consequently, in image changes of four factors of main colors in classified street types, P. RP. Rand YR colors showed high average values in naturalness, harmony and unity and GY, G, BG and B colors showed dichotomy with low average value, but image of personality showed generally low average value. RP. Rand YR colors showed higher adaptability and GY, G and BG colors showed lower adaptability. It was confirmed that according to adaptability of main colors used in high-storied apartment houses by street types, there was difference of appropriate color range in environment components and color design of high-storied apartment houses by street types.