Computational Toolset for X-Ray Spectral Analysis

Shon, Cheol Soon,Kim, Ho Kyung,Cho, Min Kook,Cheong, Min Ho,Lim, Chang Hwy,Kim, Jung Min Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2006 Key engineering materials Vol.321 No.-

<P>We have designed a computational tool for generating X-ray photon spectra for a range of applications both in diagnostic radiology and mammography. As a library, we have adapted the spectral data based on the interpolating polynomials methods by Boone et al [5,6] as well as the computer data files given by Cranley et al [8]. The attenuated spectra for element or compound materials can be calculated based on the mass-attenuation coefficients from NIST (National Institute of Science and Technology), which were also incorporated as a database. Furthermore, a function that a user can generate any filter material by editing the NIST data has been implemented. Parameters related to the beam quality, such as mean photon energy, fluence, exposure, half-value layer (HVL), etc., are considered as important outputs. All of functions and database are integrated in a form of graphical user interface (GUI) by using Microsoft Visual C++TM. This self-developed spectrum-generating code can be usefully served to design X-ray sensors. In this study, we have applied the code to estimate quantum efficiency and charge collection efficiency in various detector materials.</P>

관심 단층 제거 후 역투사법을 이용한 X-선 디지털 영상합성법에서의 단층영상 선명도 향상에 관한 연구

손철순(Cheol-Soon Shon),조민국(Min Kook Cho),임창휘(Chang Hwy Lim),정민호(Min Ho Cheong),김호경(Ho Kyung Kim),이성식(Sung Sik Lee) 한국비파괴검사학회 2007 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.27 No.1

인지 기능 수행 시 BOLD 신호 크기에 기반 한 영역별 대뇌 편측화

정순철(Soon Cheol Chung),손진훈(Jin Hun Shon),김익현(Ik Hyeon Kim),이수열(Soo Yeol Lee) Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2005 한국정밀공학회지 Vol.22 No.1

This study compared cerebral lateralization index based on the area of neural activation with that based on the intensity of neural activation. For this purpose, 8 right-handed male college students (the mean age - 23.5 years) and 10 right-handed male college students (the mean age - 25.1 years) participated respectively in researches on visuospatial and verbal task brain function. Functional brain images were taken from 3T MRI using the single-shot EPI method. The result of measuring cerebral lateralization index based on the area of neural activation suggested that the right hemisphere is dominant in visuospatial tasks and the left one is in verbal tasks. However, the dominance is not sufficient to locate the exact part of the brain for these tasks. When cerebral lateralization index was computed based on the intensity of neural activation, it was derived that the area of cerebral lateralization closely related to visuospatial tasks is the superior parietal lobe, and the area of cerebral lateralization closely related to verbal tasks is the inferior and middle frontal lobes. Thus, cerebral lateralization index by area based on the intensity of neural activation as proposed by this study can determine the dominance of the cerebrum by area, so is helpful for accurate and quantitative determination of cerebral lateralization.

산소 공급으로 유발된 공간 인지 능력, 혈중 산소 농도, 심박동율의 변화

정순철(Soon Cheol Chung),손진훈(Jin Hun Shon),이봉수(Bongsoo Lee),이수열(Soo Yeol Lee) Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2005 한국정밀공학회지 Vol.22 No.1

Changes in visuospatial cognitive performance, blood oxygen saturation and heart rate due to the highly concentrated oxygen administration were observed in this study. Six male (25.8 ± 1.0) and six female (23.8 ± 1.9) adults were asked to perform 20 visuospatial tasks with the same level of difficulties by supplying two different oxygen levels (21%, 30%). Experiment consisted of Rest1 (1 min.), Control (I min.), Task (4 min.), and Rest2 (4 min.) and physiological signals such as blood oxygen saturation and heart rate were measured through each stage. The result showed the accuracy of task performance increased significantly at 30% oxygen concentration compared with 21 %, which means oxygen supply has positive effects on visuospatial cognitive performance. When 30% oxygen was supplied, blood oxygen saturation during control and task phases was increased and heart rate was decreased compared with 21 %. It means that 30% oxygen can stimulate brain activities by directly increasing the actual level of blood oxygen concentration during cognitive performance, and enough oxygen supply during cognitive performance make heart rate decrease.

한국인 집단에서 알코올 의존과 세로토닌 수송체 유전자 다형성의 연관성

이철순(Cheol-Soon Lee),노양덕(Yang-Duck Noh),구준(Joon Gu),박철수(Chul-Soo Park),손진욱(Jin-Wook Shon),한규희(Kyu-Hee Hahn),김봉조(Bong-Jo Kim) 대한생물치료정신의학회 2007 생물치료정신의학 Vol.13 No.2

Objective:Family, twin, and adoption studies have demonstrated that genes play an important role in the development of alcoholism. We investigated the association between alcoholism and the genetic polymorphisms of the serotonin transporter regulatory gene(5-HTTLPR) in Korean population. We also explored the association between the genetic polymorphisms of the 5-HTTLPR and clinical characteristics in patients with alcohol dependence. Methods:The genotype and allele frequencies of the 5-HTTLPR were investigated in 172 control subjects and 162 male hospitalized patients who met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition(DSMIV), criteria for alcohol dependence. Several standardized research scales were used for the clinical assessment of alcoholism, including the Alcohol Dependence Scale(ADS), the Beck Depression Inventory, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, and the Obsessive-Compulsive Drinking Scale. Results:We found that the frequency of LL genotype and L allele was higher in patients with alcohol dependence than that of control subjects. Alcoholics with the 5-HTTLPR LS or SS genotypes had a later age of onset (mean age of onset, 29.4 and 32.1 years, respectively) than those with the LL genotype(mean age of onset, 25.9 years;p=.002). Also we found that the polymorphisms of the 5-HTTLPR were associated with the scores of the ADS, but not associated with the scores of the BDI, BAI, and OCDS. Alcoholics with the L allele had an earlier age of onset and higher scores of the BDI than those with the S allele(respectively p=.019, p=.021). The scores of the ADS were higher in patients with the S allele than those with the L allele(p=.002). Conclusion:Our finding suggest that genetic polymorphisms of the 5-HTTLPR may be associated with the development of alcoholism and that the 5-HTTLPR play an important role in the development of the early onset and the severe type of alcoholism.

한국의 일 요양 시설에 거주하는 한센병 환자들에서의 치매 유병률

이철순(Cheol Soon Lee),강효승(Hyo Seung Kang),구준(Joon Gu),박철수(Chul Soo Park),손진욱(Jin Wook Shon),김봉조(Bong Jo Kim) 대한노인정신의학회 2007 노인정신의학 Vol.11 No.2

Objectives : To identify prevalence of dementia and it's subtypes in patients with Hansen's disease in a sanatorium of Korea. Methods : The study employs a two-stage design for case identification. One hundred-six patients with Hansen's disease aged 65 and over participated in the study. The Korean Version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's disease (CERADK) assessment packet was administered to One hundred-two patients with Hansen's disease. Dementia was defined using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition diagnostic features of dementia. Results : The prevalence was 15.1% in Hansen's sanatorium. The prevalence of Alzheimer's and vascular dementia were 10.4% and 4.7%. The age-adjusted prevalence rate for dementia was 11.9%. The rate of patients with dementia was 12.73% in males and 17.65% in females. Conclusion : The prevalence of dementia in Hansen's disease sanatorium of Korea appears to be similar with those reported in previous study. Our result suggests that Hansen's disease was unrelated to prevalence of dementia, and also that the dementia is major neuropsychiatric disease in patient with Hansen's disease.

청소년 문제 행동에 대한 청소년 자신과 부모의 보고 내용 차이에 관련된 청소년의 정신병리

이소진(So Jin Lee),손진욱(Jin Wook Shon),한규희(Kyu Hee Hahn),박철수(Chul Soo Park),김봉조(Bong Jo Kim),김보경(Bo Kyung Kim),이철순(Cheol Soon Lee) 대한사회정신의학회 2008 사회정신의학 Vol.13 No.2

서 론 소아청소년의 문제 행동을 평가하여 진단을 내리기 위해서는 여러 명의 정보제공자가 필요하다. 부모와 청소년이 청소년의 외현화 문제와 내재화 문제에 대하여 서로 다른 평가를 내리는 경우가 있는데, 평가의 차이가 상당한 경우 이것을 어떻게 해석하 는가 하는 것이 중요하다. 목 적 본 연구는 부모와 청소년이 청소년의 정신증상에 대하여 서로 다르게 보고한 경우 그 차이의 해석을 돕기 위해 시행되었다. 본 연구의 목적은 청소년의 정신병리가 부모와 청소년의 평가 사이의 불일치에 미치는 영향을 평가하는 것이었다. 방 법 마산시의 두 고등학교 학생들 876명을 대상으로 청소년 정신건강 및 문제 행동 검사(Adolescent mental health problem behavior screening test, AMPQ)를 실시하였다. 이 검사의 절단점을 넘는 원점수가 나온 85명의 청소년과 그들의 부모를 대상으로 한국판 청소년 자기 행동 평가 척도(Korea-youth self report, K-YSR), 한국판 아동 청소년 행동평가척도(Koreachild behavior checklist, K-CBCL), 간이정신진단검사(Symptom check list-90-revision, Scl-90-R)을 시행하였다. 결 과 청소년의 우울과 신체화 증상이 내재화 문제에 대한 K-CBCL-K-YSR 차이를 36% 설명하는 중요한 변수로서 드러났다. 우울 증상이 클수록, 신체화 증상이 적을수록 청소년은 부모에 비해 내재화 문제를 더 많이 보고하는 경향을 보였다. 외현화 문제의 불일치를 설명하는 가장 중요한 변수는 강박증상이었다. 청소년의 강박증상이 클수록 부모와 청소년의 외현화 문제에 대한 보고의 차이도 커졌다. 결 론 본 연구의 결과에 따르면, 청소년의 문제 행동에 대한 평가자간의 불일치를 해석하고자 할 때 청소년의 우울, 신체화, 강박 증상에 대하여 고려하는 것이 도움이 될 것이다. Introduction:The necessity of having multiple informants for the diagnostic evaluation of children and adolescents has been repeatedly stressed in child psychiatric clinical work and research. When the discrepancies are considerable between the parents’ and adolescents’ reports on the externalizing and internalizing symptoms of adolescents, it is important to consider how to interpret these discrepancies. Objective:This study was conducted to facilitate understanding the disagreement between parents’ and adolescents’ reports on mental symptoms of adolescents. The purpose of this study was to examine how adolescents’ psychopathology influence their parents’ account of the mental problems of their adolescents, as compared to what the adolescents themselves report. Method:876 high school students in OO city participated in the adolescent mental health and problem behavior screening test(AMPQ). Among the students who were tested, we selected eighty five adolescents (whose scores were above the cut-point) and their parents completed the Korean-youth self report questionnaire(K-YSR), the Koreanchild/adolescent behavior check list(K-CBCL) and the symptom check list-1990-revised(SCL-1990-R). Results:Depression and somatization in adolescence emerged as the significant variables that predicted K-YSR-KCBCL discrepancy on internalizing symptoms, and these variables explained 36% of the variance. With increased levels of depression and decreased levels of somatization, adolescents tended to report more internalizing problems compared to their parents reports. For the discrepancy of externalizing problems, obsessive compulsive symptoms were the most significant variable. When obsessive compulsive symptoms in the adolescents were increased, there were more disagreement between the reports of the parents and adolescents. Conclusion:The psychopathologies in adolescents such as depression, somatization and obsessive compulsive symptom may be useful to consider when interpreting the informant discrepancies concerning the mental problems of adolescents.

한국 한 중소 도시 지역의 우울 장애의 유병률 및 관련 요인

이동윤(Dong-Youn Lee),이철순(Cheol-Soon Lee),박철수(Chul-Soo Park),한규희(Kyu-Hee Hahn),손진욱(Jin-Wook Shon),차보석(Bo Seok Cha),김봉조(Bong-Cho Kim) 대한사회정신의학회 2008 사회정신의학 Vol.13 No.2

목 적 중소도시 진주에 거주하는 일반인구를 대상으로 하여 우울 장애의 유병률과 관련 인자를 조사하기 위해 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 중소도시 진주에 거주하는 남자 528명(39.3%), 여자 815명(60.7%), 총 1,343명을 연구대상으로 하였고 자기 보고 형태인 K-CES-D를 사용하여 우울 장애의 유병률과 관련 인자를 조사였다. 결 과 대상군 중 19.6%가 우울 장애로 진단 되었는데, 연령, 경제 수준, 결혼 상태에 따라 유병률의 차이를 보였으며, 그 외 성별, 교육 수준에 따른 유병률의 차이는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 연령과 결혼 상태가 우울 장애의 관련 인자로 조사 되었다. 이중 연령은 남, 녀 모두에서 유의한 관련이 있었지만, 결혼 상태의 경우 남자에서만 우울 장애의 관련 인자로 조사되었다. 고 찰 본 연구는 일반 인구의 우울 장애 유병률을 알아 볼 수 있었고, 우울 장애와 관련된 여러 가지 역학적 정보는 효과적인 보건 정책의 수립에 다양하게 사용될 수 있을 것이다. Objectives:The objective is to investigate the prevalence and correlates of depression in the population at a smallmedian city, Jinju. Method:Total numbers of this study subjects were 1343. Male were 528(39.3%) and female were 815(60.7%) living in a small-median city, Jinju. The data was collected through self reports in 2007. We investigated the prevalence and correlates of depression using a cut-off score of 21 by K-CES-D. Results:19.6% of samples(20% in female and 19.1% in male) were diagnosed as depression. Although the prevalence of depression was not different by sex and educational level, it was different by age, monthly income and marital status. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factor for depression was age and marital status. Age was significantly associated with depression both in men and women, but marital status was associated with depression only in men. Conclusion:This study revealed the prevalence of depression on the general population-base. This epidemiological information should be used to inform and implement equitable and effective health policies.

Investigation of Scintillation Screens for X-Ray Imaging

Kim, Jung Min,Kim, Ho Kyung,Cheong, Min Ho,Cho, Min Kook,Shon, Cheol Soon,Lim, Chang Hwy Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2006 Key Engineering Materials Vol.321 No.-

<P>Terbium-doped gadolinium oxysulfide (Gd2O2S:Tb) phosphor screen is the most popular X-ray converter in diagnostic radiology. We have investigated the fundamental imaging performance of Gd2O2S:Tb screens in terms of X-ray sensitivity and MTF (modulation-transfer function). The measurements were performed for a wide range of coverages (34 - 135 mg/cm2) by using a conventional film radiographic method. In addition, CsI:Tl having columnar structure was also investigated.</P>

Calculation of Primary Electron Collection Efficiency in Gas Electron Multipliers Based on 3D Finite Element Analysis

Ho-Kyung Kim,Min-Kook Cho,Min-Ho Cheon,Cheol-Soon Shon,Sung-Jin Hwang,Jong-Soo Ko,Hyo-Sung Cho 대한방사선방어학회 2005 방사선방어학회지 Vol.30 No.2