Role of oxytocin in improving the welfare of farm animals — A review

Siyu Chen,Shusuke Sato 아세아·태평양축산학회 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.4

Recently, increasing attention has been paid to the welfare of farm animals, which have been evaluated using behavioral and physiological measures. However, so far, the measures have almost always been used to estimate poor welfare. In this review, firstly we focus on how oxytocin (OT) relates to positive social behavior, pleasure, and stress tolerance, and second on which management factors stimulate OT release. OT induces maternal and affiliative behaviors and has an anti-stress effect. Further, OT is produced during enjoyable events, and has positive feedback on its own release as well. Therefore, to some extent, the relationship of OT to positive normal behavior was mutually beneficial—heightened OT concentration owing to comfortable rearing conditions induces positive social behavior, which in turn may increase OT concentration. Hence, studies on animal welfare should pay more attention to increasing comfort and the stress tolerance, rather than only focusing on when stress occurs in farm animals.

Recovery of Rare Earth Elements from Coal Ash Wastes

Siyu Chen,Sangwoo Han,Han. S. Kim 대한토목학회 2023 대한토목학회 학술대회 Vol.2023 No.10

Mid Autumn Festival reunion

Chen Siyu 한국콘텐츠학회 2021 ICCC International Digital Design Invitation Exhib Vol.2021 No.12

Effect of Suckling Systems on Serum Oxytocin and Cortisol Concentrations and Behavior to a Novel Object in Beef Calves

Chen, Siyu,Tanaka, Shigefumi,Ogura, Shin-ichiro,Roh, Sanggun,Sato, Shusuke Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2015 Animal Bioscience Vol.28 No.11

We investigated differences between effects of natural- and bucket-suckling methods on basal serum oxytocin (OT) and cortisol concentrations, and the effect of OT concentration on affiliative and investigative behavior of calves to a novel object. Ten Japanese Black calves, balanced with birth order, were allocated evenly to natural-suckling (NS) and bucket suckling (BS) groups. Blood samples were collected at the ages of 1 and 2 months (1 week after weaning) calves, and serum OT and cortisol concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and enzymeimmunoassay tests, respectively. Each calf at the age of 2 months (2 weeks after weaning) was released into an open-field with a calf decoy, and its investigative and affiliative behaviors were recorded for 20 minutes. In 1-month-old calves, the basal serum OT concentration ($25.5{\pm}4.9$ [mean${\pm}$standard deviation, pg/mL]) of NS was significantly higher than that of BS ($16.9{\pm}6.7$) (p<0.05), whereas the basal cortisol concentration ($5.8{\pm}2.5$ [mean${\pm}$standard deviation, ng/mL]) of NS was significantly lower than that in BS ($10.0{\pm}2.8$) (p<0.05). Additionally, a negative correlation was noted between serum OT and cortisol concentrations in 1-month-old calves (p = 0.06). Further, the higher serum OT concentration the calves had at 1 month old, the more investigative the calves were at 2 months old but not affiliative in the open-field with a calf decoy. Thus, we concluded that the natural suckling method from a dam elevates the basal serum OT concentration in calves, and high serum OT concentrations induce investigative behavior and attenuate cortisol concentrations.

Effect of Suckling Systems on Serum Oxytocin and Cortisol Concentrations and Behavior to a Novel Object in Beef Calves

Siyu Chen,Shigefumi Tanaka,Shin-ichiro Ogura,노상건,Shusuke Sato 아세아·태평양축산학회 2015 Animal Bioscience Vol.28 No.11

We investigated differences between effects of natural- and bucket-suckling methods on basal serum oxytocin (OT) and cortisol concentrations, and the effect of OT concentration on affiliative and investigative behavior of calves to a novel object. Ten Japanese Black calves, balanced with birth order, were allocated evenly to natural-suckling (NS) and bucket suckling (BS) groups. Blood samples were collected at the ages of 1 and 2 months (1 week after weaning) calves, and serum OT and cortisol concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and enzymeimmunoassay tests, respectively. Each calf at the age of 2 months (2 weeks after weaning) was released into an open-field with a calf decoy, and its investigative and affiliative behaviors were recorded for 20 minutes. In 1-month-old calves, the basal serum OT concentration (25.5±4.9 [mean±standard deviation, pg/mL]) of NS was significantly higher than that of BS (16.9±6.7) (p<0.05), whereas the basal cortisol concentration (5.8±2.5 [mean±standard deviation, ng/mL]) of NS was significantly lower than that in BS (10.0±2.8) (p<0.05). Additionally, a negative correlation was noted between serum OT and cortisol concentrations in 1-month-old calves (p = 0.06). Further, the higher serum OT concentration the calves had at 1 month old, the more investigative the calves were at 2 months old but not affiliative in the open-field with a calf decoy. Thus, we concluded that the natural suckling method from a dam elevates the basal serum OT concentration in calves, and high serum OT concentrations induce investigative behavior and attenuate cortisol concentrations.

Influence of Particle Size Distribution of Magnetic Fluid on the Resistance Torque of Magnetic Fluid Seal

Siyu Chen,Decai Li 한국자기학회 2017 Journal of Magnetics Vol.22 No.4

Magnetic fluid seal is widely used in military and aerospace industry owing to its zero leakage property, long life and reliability. The resistance torque is often required to be small and stay within allowable scope with the standing time expanding and the working environment changing. In this paper, we discussed the influence of the particle size distribution of magnetic fluid on the resistance torque of magnetic fluid seal. Samples of magnetic fluid of different particle size distribution were processed by applying a magnetic field gradient. Afterwards, the rheological property of different samples was analyzed using rheometer. Besides, the resistance torque of magnetic fluid seal on different occasions was measured. We explained these results from the point of formation and destruction of magnetic aggregations based on the theory of magnetoviscous effect, thus provided feasible ways to improve the performance of magnetic fluid seal.

Fully Distributed Event-triggered Semi-global Consensus of Multi-agent Systems with Input Saturation and Directed Topology

Siyu Chen,Haijun Jiang,Zhiyong Yu 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2019 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.17 No.12

This paper studies the consensus problem of multi-agent systems with input saturation and directed communication topology, by utilizing the low-gain feedback method and the event-triggered control laws. Two event-triggered control laws, the centralized and the distributed laws, are proposed to guarantee semi-global consensus of the multi-agent systems. Then, a sufficient condition is presented to prove strictly positive low bound of inner-event time, i.e., the Zeno behavior can be avoided. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed event-triggered laws is further verified by an example.

Comparisons of gear dynamic responses with rectangular mesh stiffness and its approximate form

Chen Siyu,Tang Jinyuan,Hu Zehua 대한기계학회 2015 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.29 No.9

The mesh stiffness is close to rectangular stiffness, and the first harmonic approximate term of rectangular stiffness is generally adoptedin the nonlinear gear dynamic analysis. The differences between the rectangular stiffness and its approximate form are analyzed indetail. The frequency response and dynamic factor are calculated by a numerical method, to illustrate the dynamic characteristics of thegear nonlinear system with different mesh stiffness forms. The results show that: The trends of frequency response of gear dynamic systemwith rectangular stiffness and its approximate form are identical. The jump phenomena are detected in both cases. Without the effectof static transmission error, the dynamic factor with rectangular mesh stiffness is larger than that with approximate mesh stiffness. Underdesign power and speed condition, the result with approximate mesh stiffness function may deduce reasonless suggestions for a designer. The static transmission error will enlarge the vibration amplitude and dynamic factor when the approximate mesh stiffness is adopted, butthe effects on the response of gear system with rectangular mesh stiffness are fractional. The mesh stiffness may excite the odd subharmonicresonance, and the static transmission error may excite the even sub-harmonic resonance respectively.

20(S)-ginsenoside Rh2 ameliorates ATRA resistance in APL by modulating lactylation-driven METTL3

Siyu Cheng,Langqun Chen,Jiahui Ying,Ying Wang,Wenjuan Jiang,Qi Zhang,Hong Zhang,Jiahe Wang,Chen Wang,Huimin Wu,Jing Ye,Liang Zhang 고려인삼학회 2024 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.48 No.3

Background: 20(S)-ginsenoside Rh2(GRh2), an effective natural histone deacetylase inhibitor, can inhibit acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell proliferation. Lactate regulated histone lactylation, which has different temporal dynamics from acetylation. However, whether the high level of lactylation modification that we first detected in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is associated with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) resistance has not been reported. Furthermore, Whether GRh2 can regulate lactylation modification in ATRA-resistant APL remains unknown. Methods: Lactylation and METTL3 expression levels in ATRA-sensitive and ATRA-resistant APL cells were detected by Western blot analysis, qRT-PCR and CO-IP. Flow cytometry (FCM) and APL xenograft mouse models were used to determine the effect of METTL3 and GRh2 on ATRA-resistance. Results: Histone lactylation and METTL3 expression levels were considerably upregulated in ATRA-resistant APL cells. METTL3 was regulated by histone lactylation and direct lactylation modification. Overexpression of METTL3 promoted ATRA-resistance. GRh2 ameliorated ATRA-resistance by downregulated lactylation level and directly inhibiting METTL3. Conclusions: This study suggests that lactylation-modified METTL3 could provide a promising strategy for ameliorating ATRA-resistance in APL, and GRh2 could act as a potential lactylation-modified METTL3 inhibitor to ameliorate ATRA-resistance in APL.

Mid Autumn Festival reunion

Chen Siyu 한국콘텐츠학회 2021 한국콘텐츠학회 ICCC 논문집 Vol.2021 No.12