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박창제(Park, Changje) 한국노년학회 2004 한국노년학 Vol.24 No.4
본 연구의 목적은 치매노인에 대한 가족의 보호형태별 비용을 추정한 다음, 추정결과를 바탕으로 치매노인 부양가족을 지원할 정책방안을 모색하는 데 있다. 본 연구를 위한 조사 대상은 65세 이상 치매노인을 수발하는 부양가족을 보호형태별로 분하여 설문조사하였다. 즉, 가정보호, 주간보호, 단기보호, 병원보호, 그룹홈으로 구분하여 비확률 표집방법을 통해 주부양파를 대상으로 면접조사를 행하였다. 회수된 설문지 중에서 가정보호 108부, 주간보호 136부, 병원 71부, 단기보호 17부, 그룹홈 7부가 본 연의 분석 표본으로 선정되었다. 분석 결과 다음과 같은 사실을 확인할 수 있었다. 첫째, 주부양자의 학력이 상당히 높다. 이렇게 주부양자의 교육수준이 높아지게 되면 부양여성들이 높은 인적자본을 요하는 전문적인 직업을 가질 가능성이 있고, 전통적인 가족지향의 가치보다는 개인적인 행복에 대한 선호가 증가하여 치매노인에 대한 부양의 기회비용이 크질 수밖에 없을 것이다. 둘째, 치매노인 부양가구가 소득에 비하여 직접지불부담비중이 아주 크며 경제적 상태가 나쁠수록 그 비중이 크게 증가한다는 것을 알 수 있다. 이러한 점은 사회적 평등을 실현하기 위해 치매부양가족을 위한 직접비용에 대한 대책마련의 필요성이 있음을 의미한다. 셋째, 총비용중에서 간접비용이 아주 높았다. 간접비용이 직접비용에 비하여 거의 2배로 추정되었다. 이러한 사실은 정책당국자가 지금까지 부양자의 직접비용에만 관심을 집중하여왔다는 점에서 정책의 우선순위에서 신중한 고려의 필요성이 있다. 넷째, 치매 정도별로 보면 직접비용에서는 최고도일 때 가장 높고, 그 다음이 중도, 고도, 경도의 순서를 보였다. The purpose of this study is to analyse the costs by caregiving types of family with the demented elderly empirically, and then to explore policy measures to support families with the dependent elderly using the results of analysis. For this research, primary caregivers that provide caregiving to demented elderly were drawn and survey ed(N=380). Among collected data, data for 339 primary caregivers were used for this study. The subjects used in this study consisted of family caregivers from various settings that give care to the demented elderly. The 108 subjects were caregivers from home care that family provide most care, the 136 subjects were caregivers utilizing day care programs for the demented elderly, the 71 subjects were caregivers utilizing hospital care, the 71 subjects were caregivers utilizing short term care, and the 7 subjects were caregivers utilizing group home. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. First, the primary caregiver's education level is high. With more educated, these higher-educated female caregivers may have professions that requires high human capital formation and prefer personal well-being to traditional value. Therefore, the opportunity costs associated with caregiving for the demented elderly must be increased. Second, caregiving households with the demented elderly accounted for significantly high direct costs relative to household income and households with lower economic status undertake higher direct cost relative to household income. This suggests that the policy to assist direct cost of families with the demented elderly be required to improve social equality. Third, the larger component of this cost was indirect costs. In this context, indirect costs must be evaluated significant item in social considerations for caregivers of the demented elderly. Fourth, the direct costs of family were significantly different by severity of dementia.
An Evaluation of Worker Radiation Exposure During Dismantling for Reactor Vessel in Kori Unit 1
HaeWoong Kim,Kwangsoo Park,Changgyu Kim,Changje Park,Sungjun Hong,Dongkyun Ko,Geonhwa Lee,Younga Kim 한국방사성폐기물학회 2022 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.20 No.1
This study is for evaluation and optimization of workers’ radiation exposure for dismantling Reactor Vessel (RV) at Kori unit 1 in connection with its decommissioning process for the purpose of establishing Radiation Safety Management Plan. This is because the safety of workers in a radiation environment is an important issue. The basis of radiological conditions of this evaluation is supposed to be those of 10 years after the permanent shutdown of Kori unit 1 when dismantling work of Reactor Vessel would suppose to be started. Dose rates of work areas were evaluated on the basis of spatial dose rate derived from activation level calculated by MCNP (Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport) and ORIGEN-S code. RV are radiated by neutrons during operation, creating an environment in which it is difficult for operators to access and work. Therefore, the RV must be dismantled remotely. However, due to work such as installing devices or dismantling surrounding structures, it is not possible to completely block the access of workers. Accordingly, the exposure of workers to the RV dismantling process should be assessed and safety management carried out. The dismantling process of Kori unit 1 RV was developed based on in-situ execution in atmospheric environment using the oxigen-propane cutting technology as the following steps of Preparation, Dismantling of Peripheral Structures, Dismantling of RV and Finishing Work. For evaluation of exposure of RV dismantling work, those processes of each steps are correlated with spatial dose rates of each work areas where the jobs being done. Results of the evaluation show that workers’ collective dose for RV dismantling work would be in the range of 536–778 man- mSv. The most critical process would be dismantling of upper connecting parts of RV with 170–256 manmSv while among the working groups, the expert group performing dismantling of ICI (In-core instrumentation) nozzles and handling & packaging of cut-off pieces is evaluated as the most significantly affected group with 37.5–39.4 man- mSv. Based on the evaluation, improvement plan for better working conditions of the most critical process and the most affected workers in terms of radiation safety were suggested.
Keonil Cha,Kiho Park,Changje Park 한국방사성폐기물학회 2022 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.20 No.1
To rationalize the protection of spent nuclear fuel transport storage cask, we intend to investigate the status of domestic and foreign safety regulations and related technologies to develop sabotage scenarios and analyze the protection performance and radiation impact of transport storage cask. It is essential to conduct an aircraft collision safety evaluation on spent nuclear fuel transportation and storage casks in Korea due to changes in laws and regulations related to nuclear power plant design and demand for enhanced safety. Domestic and foreign research on the protection performance of spent nuclear fuel transport storage cask was based on 9.11 events, and the results of all studies show that the speed of the aircraft and leakage of nuclear materials are insignificant. The Sandia National Laboratory (SNL) calculates Aerosol emissions from spent fuel damage in the event of sabotage and calculates Source Term based on the Durbin-Luna model. In this paper, radiation sensitivity analysis was performed due to damage to the carrier according to the size of the accident, assuming that there was a hole enough to basket from the external shell among the collision scenarios identified for domestic cask models.