Impacts and Countermeasures of Climate Change on Food Supply

Kim Chang-gil,Jeong Hak-kyun,Han Suk-ho,Kim Jeong-seung,Moon Dong-hyun 한국농촌경제연구원 2013 한국농촌경제연구원 기본연구보고서 Vol.- No.-

Climate change has become a megatrend that will lead to significant changes in future society. Korean and overseas agencies specializing in climate forecasts predict that average global temperatures will continue to rise. While climate change may potentially have certain positive impacts for crop yields, the overall impact is predicted to be negative for environment and food security. In this context, our study aims to suggest a plan for systematically establishing a stable food supply system in Korea in respose to climate change. Various analytical models were employed, including: a response analysis based on questionnaire for farmers, panel-based analysis of the causes of pests and diseases in rice production, a random-effects model for panel data of extreme weather impact, and an analysis of food supply effects using the Simulation Model for Climate-Agriculture Relations (SIMCAR) integrated model in conjunction with the Crop Estimation through Resource and Environment Synthesis (CERES) model of the Korea Agricultural Simulation Model (KASMO). An analysis was made of major grain yields by means of the KREI-KASMO. This revealed reduced yields and area in comparison with the baseline in 2050, resulting in a reduction of rice production by 17.8%p in the RCP8.5 scenario, and reduction of soybean by 21.2%p and reduction of barley by 13.7%p in the A2 scenario. Self-sufficiency ratio of major grains in 2050 drawn from the SIMCAR revealed that the climate change scenario for rice showed 55.0% to be reduced by 18.3% in comparison with the baseline. It is predicted that selfsufficiency ratio in rice will drop to 50% which means a half of consumed rice should be imported. Key tasks for building a stable food supply system to cope with climate change were developed based on the domestic production capacity, the buffering capacity to climate change, import capacity from other countries, and policy performance capacity with reference to the empirical analysis. First, the suggested key tasks for improving the domestic production capacity include developing and disseminating adaptation technology, conserving farmland and expanding arable land, practicing climate-smart agriculture by using fusion technology, and modernizing infrastructure for agriculture. Second, key tasks for improving buffering capacity to climate change are improving resilience and biodiversity, building a risk management system, and further improving storage of food in Korea and other countries. Third, major tasks for improving the import capacity from other countries are constructing overseas food bases, effectively using the international grain market, and enhancing international cooperation with relevant countries. Finally, key tasks for improving policy performance capacity are refining and applying the climate change impact analysis model with respect to policies, expanding investments in research and development, building a vulnerability assessment system, enhancing education and training, and installing Climate Change Response Center for Agriculture (tentative). In this study, several key challenges were presented in the four different areas related to building a stable food supply system which can help overcome the challenges of climate change. It is expected that the nature of the policies that need to be prioritized and promoted, given the constraints of budget, organization and information will be addressed in future research. Also, in order for the solutions for key challenges to work properly in the field such that policy outcomes will be maximized, a consortium of research bodies in the related fields of agriculture, agricultural meteorology and agricultural economics should be created. As preparation for specific action programs. Furthermore, follow-up studies should be conducted to verify the expenses required for developing reliable climate change impact assessment models and the effectiveness of the enforced policies. Such fie

모바일로봇 장애물회피 제어

심병균,Nguyen Huu Cong,김준홍,조창제,한성현 한국공작기계학회 2009 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.-

This paper achieves a research about avoidance of obstacles avoidance based on ultrasonic sensor. The performance of the proposed obstacle avoidance robot controller in order to determine the exact dynamic systems modeling system that uncertainty is difficult for nomadic controlled robot direction angle by ultrasonic sensors throughout controlled performance tests. In additionally, this study is an in different ways than the self-driving simulator in the development of ultrasonic sensors and unmanned remote control techniques used by the self-driving robot controlled driving through an unmanned remote controlled unmanned realize the performance of factory automation.

본 히펠 린다우 증후군에 동반된 다발성, 재발성 혈관아세포종의 수술 체험 2례 : 증례보고 Case Report

황승균,오창완,김현집,최길수,한대희 대한신경외과학회 1996 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.25 No.8

Hemangiobalstomas are benign tumors that most commonly occur in the posterior fossa around the 4th ventricle. Recurrent mutifocal hemangioblastomas are often found as a part of a systemic autosomal dominant disease, the Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome. Surgical removal of reccurent multifocal tumors aretechnically more difficult and challenging than solitary ones due to their proximity to critical structures. disturbed anatomical landmark and adehesion to the surrounding tissue. all of which may lead to high postoperative morbidity and mortality. Authors have experienced 2 cases of the multiple and recurrent hemangioblastomas with Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome. The patients of each of the cases underwent surgery for tumor removal at least 2 times. In the first patient, a 42-year-old male, a solitary cerebellar hemangioblastoma had been removed 6 years prior to recurrence. On followup MRI. more than three solid, homogenously enhanced nodules were found in the cerebellum. These tumors were operated on through the previous craniectomy site. but only two of them could be removed. This patient was discharged without additional neurologic deficit. The 2nd patient. a 40-year-old-male. had undergone three prior operations for cerebellar hemangioblastomas. On followup examination, he presented with progessive ataxia and confusion. Brain MRI showed multiple recurrent lesions of homogenously strongenhadced masses in the 4th ventricle and cerebellar vermis surrounded by cystic lesions. accompanied by obstructive hydrocephalus. No additional surgery of tumors were attempted. and only ventriculoperitioneal shunt was performed. He was discharged with improved neurologicla symtomes and sign.

신경세포이주장애질환을 가진 간질환자에 대한 수술 체험

황승균,정천기,오창완,이상건,지제근,김현집,한대희,이상복 대한신경외과학회 1996 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.25 No.3

Neuronal migration disorders(NMD's) are a rare group of development structural lesions characterized by disorganization of cortical architecture with aberrant columnar and laminar neuronal arrangement, often causing intractable seizures. During September 1994 to February 1995, we operated on six patients with NMD to treat intractable seizures. Male to female ratio of these 6 patients was 2 : 4, and mean age at seizure onset was 14 years old(range 6-28 years), indicating early onset of epilepsy. Mean age at seizure surgery was 29 years old(range 23-41 years), and mean follow-up duration after operation was 4 months(range 3-6 months). In their past medical history, three patients had experienced febrile seizure at pediatric age, and one of them had a history of anoxic damage during delivery. Following preoperative localization, the lesion was removed completely in five patients. In the other one patient, part of the lesion was located in the speech and motor area, leading to partial removal. On histologic examination two of them showed cortical dysplasia and the other four revealed microdysgenesis. During follow-up for six months, five patients were free of seizure and in the other one patient, whose lesion was removed incompletely, the frequency of seizure decreased by 95%.

小兒 急性絲述體腎炎에 있어서 血淸 免疫글로불린에 關한 硏究

文松洙,韓圭炯,明槿哲,文炅來,羅昌洙 조선의대 1984 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.9 No.1

원발성 두개강내종양 2,616례의 통계학적 연구(1976-1995)

황승균,정희원,오창완,양희진,남도현,이상형,정영섭,김동규,왕규창,한대희,최길수,조병규 대한신경외과학회 1997 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.26 No.7

심혈관계 질환으로 관상질환 집중치료실에 입원한 환자들의 혜후 측정을 위한 APACHEⅢ점수 체계의 임상적 유용성

이공섭,이창선,최현주,홍종서,강지향,김도형,이민영,오인균,김병엽,김상억,김학찬,한승혜,이재용,지영우,안경주 대한순환기학회 2000 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.30 No.8

Chlorophyllin attenuates IFN-γ expression in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated murine splenidc mononuclear cells via suppressing IL-12 production

Yun, Cheol-Heui,Son, Chang Gue,Chung, Dae Kyun,Han, Seung Hyun 경희대학교식량자원개발연구소 2007 硏究論文集 Vol.24 No.-

Chlorophyllin (CHL) is a chlorophyll derivative with anticarcinogen and antioxidant activities. Despite clinical importance of CHL as a potential therapeutics for treating cancer patients, little is known about the immunological properties of CHL. In the present study, we investigated the effect of CHL on the activation of murine splenocytes stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). RT-PCR analysis showed that LPS-activated IFN-γ expression gradually declined by CHL treatment in a dose dependent manner while mRNA production of TNF-α, IL-2, and FasL was not changed. CHL also suppressed IL-12 production (p70, a heterodimer of p40 and p35) and the mRNA expression of IL-12 p40 and IL-12 receptors (both IL-12Rβ1 and IL-12Rβ2), which are involved in the induction of IFN-γ expression. Furthemore, an electrophoretic mobility shift assay showed that CHL inhibited DNA binding activity of NF-кB, STAT-3, and STAT-4 to their cognate DNA recognition motifs, all of which contribute to the IL-12-induced IFN-γ transcription. Exogenous addition of recombinant IL-12 abrogated the inhibitory effect of CHL on IFN-γ and its mRNA expression in LPS-activated splenocytes. Collectively, these results show that CHL inhibits IFN-γ production by LPS-stimulated splenic mononuclear cells due to down-regulation of IL-12 production. © 2005 Published by Elsevier B.V.

생약재 첨가 사료를 투여한 넙치(Paralichthys olivaceus)의 비특이적 면역반응, 혈액성분 및 항병력 효과

정승희,이주석,한형균,전창영,이해영 한국어병학회 2002 한국어병학회지 Vol.15 No.1

본 연구는 식물성 생약재의 열수추출이 농도별로 첨가된 사료를 넙치(Paralichthys olivaceus)에 경구 투여한 다음 비특이적 면역반응 및 질병 저항성의 향상여부를 알아보고자 하였다. 실험에는 약쑥과 삼지구엽초를 7:3(w/w)의 비율로 열추출한 후, 0%, 0.1%, 0.5% 및 1%의 농도로 첨가하여 만든 2종류 혼합생약재(2-혼합구)와 약쑥, 삼지구엽초, 연교, 구절초, 박하, 지유, 삼백초, 상백피, 팔각의 9종류 생약재가 동일한 농도로 열수추출한 후 제작한 9종류 혼합생약재(9-혼합구)를 사용하였다. 이들 농도별 첨가사료를 넙치(평균 10.3±2.5g)에 12주 동안 경구 투여하면서 혈청내 라이소자임 활성, 혈청의 Escherichia coli에 ??살균능력 및 혈액학적 변화를 조사하였다. 그리고 최종 투여 12주 후에 넙치 에드와드병의 원인균 Edwardsiella tarda의 생균 공격실험을 실시하여 상대생존율(RPS)로써 저항성 향상효과를 살펴보았다. 2-혼합구 0.1%는 비특이적 면역활성을 크게 증가시켰으며, 상대생존율이 67%로 높게 나타나 가장 효과적인 질병 저항성 향상효과를 보였다. 따라서 2-혼합구 0.1%는 넙치 체내 비특이적인 면역기구를 자극함으로써 어체의 자연저향성을 증강시켜 세균성 질병의 감염에 대한 방어력을 상당히 향상시킬 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 9-혼합구 0.1% 및 0.5%는 비록 비특이적 면역활성은 증가시키지 못하였으나, 상대생존율은 각각 53%를 나타내어 질병 저항성을 일부 향상시키는 효과가 있었다. Effects of medicinal herb extract on nonspecific immune responses, hematology and disease resistance against Edwardsiella tarda in olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus were evaluated. Wormwood, Artemisia asiatica NAKAI and barrenwort, Epimedium koreanum NAKAI were mixed at a ratio of 7 : 3 (w/w) for 2-herbs extract and wormwood, barrenwort, Korean forsythia, Forsythia koreana NAKAI, chrysanthemum, Chrysanthemum zawadskii var. latilobum KITAMURA, peppermint, Mentha arvensis L. var, piperascens MALINV., great burnet, Snaguisorba afficinalis L., Lizard tail. Saururus chinensis BAILL., mulberry, Morus alba L., and star anise, Illicium varum HOOK, f, at the same weight for 9-herbs extract. Two-herbs of 9-herbs extract were prepared by heating after adding 10㎖ of distilled water per g of the herb mixtures. Fish (10.3±2.5g) were fed the experimental diets supplemented with the 2-herbs or 9-herbs extract at the different concentrations of 0%, 0.1%, 0.5% and 1% per kg diet for 12 weeks. Lysozyme and bactericidal activities of serum, and hematological characteristics were examined during experimental period. After feeding test period, all experimental groups were challenged with E. tarda. Lysozyme activity from the fish fed the diet supplemented with 0.1% or 0.5% of 2-herbs extract was significantly higher than the control. But there was no difference both in bactericidal activity and hematology among each group. Sixty seven % of relative percent survival values (RPS) in the group fed the diet supplemented with 0.1% of 2-herbs was higher than the other group and the control. These results suggest that supplenmentation of 0.1% of 2-herbs extract to a commercial diet may enhance disease resistance in olive flounder. Although both 0.1% and 0.5% 9-herbs extract did not improve non-specific immune reponses, they could enhance disease resistance of 53% RPS, respectively.

탄소 저장량을 이용한 국내 주요 생태계 기후 조절 서비스 지표 산정

김지수 ( Jisoo Kim ),한승현 ( Seung Hyun Han ),장한나 ( Hanna Chang ),김태연 ( Teayeon Kim ),장인영 ( Inyoung Jang ),오우석 ( Wooseok Oh ),서창완 ( Changwan Seo ),이우균 ( Woo-kyun Lee ),손요환 ( Yowhan Son ) 한국환경생물학회 2016 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.34 No.1

본 연구는 생태계 조절 서비스 중에 하나인 기후 조절 서비스 산정을 위한 국내 주요 생태계의 탄소 저장 지표를 산정하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 국내에서 진행된 선행 연구를 바탕으로 주요 생태계 (도시녹지, 경작지, 활엽수림, 침엽수림, 혼효림, 초지, 담수, 연안, 해양)의 탄소 저장량을 이용하여 탄소 저장 지표를 산정하였다. 또한 다양한 측정 방법으로 추정된 탄소 저장 지표의 불확실도를 국제기준에 따라 산정하였다. 국내 주요 생태계의 조절 서비스를 생태계 유형, 측정 방법 그리고 저장고별로 정량화한 결과 탄소 저장지표는 산림 생태계에서 가장 높은 값을 보였다. Ecosystems have functions of providing, supporting, regulating and cultural services. In particular, there is an increasing attention to the importance of regulating ecosystem services in carbon sequestration function, since it is closely related to the issue of climate change. In this study, to quantify benefits of climate regulating ecosystem services, the carbon storage was defined as an indicator. Nine major Korean ecosystems were classified and research papers on carbon storage were analyzed. The collected carbon storage data were categorized according to classified ecosystems, methodologies, and carbon storage components. For each category, the mean, standard error and coefficient of variation were calculated. The carbon storage indicator was highest in vegetation biomass of deciduous forest ecosystems. The uncertainty was also estimated by the IPCC 2006 guidelines. The estimations of the uncertainty differed by methodologies and carbon storage components. With exception of forest ecosystems, the limited number of studies were available which might have hindered to conduct accurate estimations. These findings indicate that there are needs for further clarification in the measurement standards by different ecosystems.