http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
( Sang-Cheol Bae ),( Jin-Hye Cha ),( Jung-Yoon Choe ),( Sung Jae Choi ),( Soo-Kyung Cho ),( Won-Tae Chung ),( Chung-Il Joung ),( Young-Ok Jung ),( Young Mo Kang ),( Dong-Wook Kim ),( Jinseok Kim ),( Y 대한류마티스학회 2018 대한류마티스학회지 Vol.25 No.2
Objective. Productivity loss was compared by 3-stage of disease activity and associations between higher disease activity and high productivity loss were identified. Methods. Data were extracted from Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) Patient-reported Outcomes Research, which enrolled 2,000 RA patients (>20-year) on disease-modifying-antirheumatic-drugs (DMARDs) (≥ 6-month) from December 2012 to June 2013. This included 1,457 RA patients with the disease activity score (DAS-28-ESR) in their medical charts. Productivity loss in time and indirect cost was estimated using The World Health Organization Health and Work Performance Questionnaire (HPQ). Baseline characteristics and productivity loss outcomes were compared according to DAS-28-ESR groups. Results. 84.4% were females, 54.2% had low DAS-28-ESR (<3.2), and 38.2% and 7.6% had moderate (3.2∼5.1) and high DAS-28-ESR (>5.1). Patients with moderate to high DAS-28-ESR had higher lost productivity time (LPT) and monthly costs of LPT than those with low DAS-28-ESR (time in hours: 110.0±58.4 vs. 132.4±57.2 vs. 71.5±52.0, p<0.0001; monthly costs of LPT in 1,000 Korean won: 1,097±607 vs. 1,302±554 vs. 741±531, p<0.0001). Multiple regression analyses revealed significant associations with high LPT in high (adjusted odds ratio [OR]=3.87, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.18∼6.87) and moderate DAS-28-ESR (adjusted OR=1.88, 95% CI: 1.41∼2.52) compared to low DAS-28-ESR. In addition, positive associations with high monthly costs of LPT were observed in high (adjusted OR=3.45, 95% CI: 1.98∼5.99) and moderate DAS-28-ESR (adjusted OR=1.93, 95% CI: 1.43∼2.54) compared to low DAS-28-ESR. Conclusion. Timely therapeutic strategies should be taken into consideration given that the RA patients with moderate to high DAS-28-ESR showed strong associations with high productivity loss for effective management of RA. (J Rheum Dis 2018;25:122-130)
Comparative proteomic analysis of plant responses to sound waves in Arabidopsis
권영상,Mi-Jeong Jeong,Jaeyul Cha1,Sung Woo Jeong,박수철,신성철,정우식,배한홍,Dong-Won Bae 한국식물생명공학회 2012 식물생명공학회지 Vol.39 No.4
Environmental factors greatly influence the growth,development, and even genetic characteristics of plants. The mechanisms by which sound influences plant growth,however, remain obscure. Previously, our group reported that several genes were differentially regulated by specific frequenciesof sound treatmentusing a sound-treated subtractive library. In this study, we used a proteomic approach to investigate plant responses to sound waves in Arabidopsis. The plants were exposed to 250-Hz or 500-Hz sound waves,and total proteins were extracted from leaves 8 h and 24 h after treatment. Proteins extracted from leaves were subjected to 2-DE analysis. Thirty-eight spots were found to be differentially regulated in response to sound waves and were identified using MALDI-TOF MS and MALDI-TOF/TOF MS. The functions of the identified proteins were classified into photosynthesis, stress and defense, nitrogen metabolism,and carbohydrate metabolism. To the best of our knowledge,this is the first report on the analysis of protein changes in response to sound waves in Arabidopsis leaves. These findings provide a better understanding of the molecular basis of responses to sound waves in Arabidopsis.
Genetic Distribution of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae in Seoul Korea, 2018~2020
Sang-Hun Park,So-Hyun Park,Jin-Seok Kim,Jin-Kyung Yu,Jin-Kyoung Kim,Hyo-Sun Suh,Eun Young Kwon,Kyoung Ae Park,Eui Kyung Cha,Jae Min Shin,Hyo-Won Jeoung,Su-Jin Jeon,Young-Ok Hwang,Jib-Ho Lee,Yong-Seoun 대한바이러스학회 2022 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.52 No.1
Analysis of Axial Variation of Freeze Coat Thickness by Perturbation Method(Ⅰ)
Cha, Sang-Won 수원대학교 산업기술연구소 1999 산업기술연구소논문집 Vol.14 No.-
유체의 응고점보다 낮은 온도의 연속된 평판이 더운 유체 속을 운동할 때 평판에 생성되는 결빙피막(freeze coat)의 모양을 해석적으로 연구하였다. 평판의 온도는 일정하지 않다고 가정하고, 유체로부터 평판으로의 대류 열전달도 고려하여 주어진 지배방정식을 계산하는데 perturbation방법을 이용하였다.
( Sang Hyeok Im ),( Dong Hwan Kim ),( Young Hoon La ),( Nam Jin Kim ),( Cha Won Hwang ),( Jae Min Cha ),( Bong Ki Ryu ) 대한금속재료학회 ( 구 대한금속학회 ) 2010 재료마당 Vol.23 No.3
This study looks at crystallization and sintering behavior in B2O3 containing Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2 glass powder. The sintered sample was produced with glass powders measuring 44 μm. The relative density and transmittance of the sintered samples showed the highest value at the temperature of 650°C. At temperatures higher than 650°C, crystal growth occurred to decrease the densification of B2O3-Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2 (BLAS) glass powder. The main crystalline phase in the glass powder was a-spodumene. From non-isothermal differential thermal analysis, the crystallization of particles (Φ=44 μm) was observed at 640°C to 684°C with respect to the heating rate. The activation energy of crystallization (E(C)) and the Avrami constant (n) calculated by Kissinger and Ozawa equations indicated that the surface and the bulk crystallization occurred simultaneously in the glass. The optimum sintering temperature of this glass powder was 650°C without crystal growth of β-spodumene, although nucleation or nano-crystal growth occurred.
Sung, Young Mo,Oh, Juwon,Cha, Won-Young,Kim, Woojae,Lim, Jong Min,Yoon, Min-Chul,Kim, Dongho American Chemical Society [etc.] 2017 Chemical reviews Vol.117 No.4
<P>Modification of aromaticity is regarded as one of the most interesting and important research topics in the field of physical organic chemistry. Particularly, porphyrins and their analogues (porphyrinoids) are attractive molecules for exploring various types of aromaticity because most porphyrinoids exhibit circular conjugation pathways in their macrocyclic rings with various molecular structures. Aromaticity in porphyrinoids is significantly affected by structural modification, redox chemistry, NH tautomerization, and electronic states (singlet and triplet excited states). Conversely, aromaticity significantly affects the spectroscopic properties and chemical reactivities of porphyrinoids. In this context, considerable efforts have been devoted to understanding and controlling the aromaticity and antiaromaticity of porphyrinoids. Thus, a series of porphyrinoids are in the limelight, being expected to shed light on this field because they have some advantages to demonstrate the switching of aromaticity; it is possible to control the aromaticity by lowering the temperature, adding and removing the protons of expanded porphyrins, changing the chemical environment, and switching the electronic states (triplet and singlet excited states) by photoexcitation. In this regard, this Review describes the control of aromaticity in various expanded porphyrins from the spectroscopic point of view with assistance from theoretical calculations.</P>