Frequency of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Chronic Non-Specific Diarrhea

( Uday C. Ghoshal ),( Sunil Kumar ),( Mansi Mehrotra ),( Lakshmi CP ),( Asha Misra ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2010 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.16 No.1

Introduction: Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) occurs in varying frequency in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). We studied the frequency of SIBO in IBS and chronic non-specific diarrhea (CNSD). Methods: 129 patients with IBS (Manning`s criteria), 73 with CNSD ( 4 weeks diarrhea with two of these tests normal [urine D-xylose, fecal fat and duodenal biopsy]) and 51 healthy controls (HC) were evaluated for SIBO using glucose hydrogen breath test (GHBT). Diarrhea-predominant IBS (D-IBS) was grouped into CNSD. Rise in breath hydrogen 12 ppm above basal following 100g glucose was diagnostic of SIBO. Results: Of 129 patients with IBS, 7 were constipation (C-IBS), and 122 were of indeterminate type (I-IBS). Patients with IBS were younger than HC and CNSD (IBS vs. HC: 36.6 yr ± 11.4 vs. 44.1 yr ± 13.6, p = 0.001; IBS vs. CNSD: 36.6 yr ± 11.4 vs. 42 yr ± 14.5, p = 0.003). Patients with CNSD were comparable to HC in age (42 yr ± 14.5 vs. 44.1 yr ± 13.6, p = ns). Patients with IBS were more often male than HC [108/129 (83.7%) vs. 34/51 (66.7%) p = 0.02]; gender of CNSD and HC was com -parable [male 39/73 (53.4%) vs. 34/51 (66.7%) p = ns]. SIBO was commoner in CNSD than HC [16 (21.9%) vs. 1 (2%), p =0.003], but was comparable in IBS and HC [11 (8.5%) vs. 1 (2%), p = 0.18]. Patients with CNSD more often had SIBO than IBS [16 (21.9%) vs. 11 (8.5%), p = 0.007]. Conclusions: SIBO was more common in CNSD including D-IBS than other types of IBS and HC.(J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2010;16:40-46)

Association of Oxidized LDL and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein with Elevated Liver Enzymes in Hypertensive Subjects

( Rojeet Shrestha ),( Madhav Khanal ),( Sunil C Jha ),( Bharat Jha ) 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Aims: Hypertension is frequently associated with the development of non-alcoholic liver disease (NAFLD). Although the pathogenesis of NAFLD is poorly understood, there is a considerable amount of evidence that it is associated with abnormal lipid metabolism and dyslipidemia. Therefore, NAFLD not only increases the risk of advanced liver diseases but also associated with future coronary events. Hence, we aimed to examine the association of oxidize-LDL (oxLDL), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in the hypertensive individuals with elevated liver enzymes. Methods: 150 newly diagnosed hypertensive subjects, aged between 30-74 years (male/female:71/79), were recruited. As a control, 150 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers were also included. Fasting blood samples were analyzed for blood glucose, eGFR, lipid profile, liver function test (bilirubin, ALT, AST, ALP, γ-GT, LDH, albumin, globulin), oxLDL, and hsCRP. Urine samples were analyzed for albumin- creatinine ratio (UACR). Results: Hypertension is significantly associated with elevated serum ALT compared to control. 32.0%, 27.3% and 12.6% of hypertensive individuals have elevated ALT, AST, and γ-GT, respectively. In contrast, only 6.0%, 8.7%, and 2.6% of healthy control have elevated ALT, AST, and γ-GT, respectively. Interestingly, we found significant elevation of oxLDL and hsCRP among the hypertensive individuals with elevated ALT compared to normal ALT level (44.8±24.7 vs 30.65±12.6 U/L, p<0.001 for oxLDL and 4.85±6.6 vs 2.65±3.2 mg/L, p=0.023 for hsCRP). No such association was observed with serum γ-GT. In addition, the level of ALT is significantly correlated with oxLDL in the subjects with elevated ALT (p=0.031). Although the mean of serum triglyceride, total and LDL-cholesterol, UACR, and eGFR is significantly increased in hypertensive subjects compared to controls, no such difference was observed between hypertensive subjects with normal and elevated liver enzymes. Conclusions: Hypertensive subjects with elevated liver enzymes are associated with increase in oxidative and inflammatory markers but not with other traditional cardiac risk factors.

Association of Serum Lipids, Oxidized LDL Antibody and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein with Elevated Liver Enzymes in Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome

( Rojeet Shrestha ),( Suraj Parajuli ),( Puja Neopane ),( Madhav Khanal ),( Sunil C Jha ),( Bharat Jha ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1

Aims: The presence of multiple metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, dyslipidemia, and hypertension is associated with non-alcoholic liver disease (NAFLD) that can potentially progress to severe liver disease. Although the pathogenesis of NAFLD is poorly understood, there is a considerable amount of evidence that it is associated with abnormal lipid metabolism and dyslipidemia. Therefore, NAFLD not only increases the risk of advanced liver diseases but also associated with future coronary events. Hence, we aimed to examine the association Serum lipids, anti-oxidized-LDL Antibody (Anti-oxLDL Ab), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in the metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients with and without elevated liver enzymes. Methods: A total of 82 individuals (male/female:35/47) with MetS as defined by NCEP ATP III, and 68 healthy control (male/ female:36/32), were recruited for this study. Fasting blood samples were analyzed for blood glucose, eGFR, lipid profile, liver function test (bilirubin, ALT, AST, ALP, γ-GT, LDH, albumin, globulin), anti-oxLDL Ab, and hsCRP. Urine samples were analyzed for albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR). Results: MetS is significantly associated with elevated serum ALT compared to control. 22.0%, 17.8% and 10.3% of individuals with MetS have elevated ALT, AST, and γ-GT, respectively. In contrast, only 6.0%, 4.7%, and 2.6% of healthy control have elevated ALT, AST, and γ-GT, respectively. Interestingly, we found significant elevation of anti-oxLDL Ab and hsCRP in MetS with elevated ALT compared to normal ALT level (38.7±24.7 vs 20.35±10.6 U/L, P<0.001 for anti-oxLDL Ab and 5.55±7.6 vs 2.15±1.2 mg/L, P<0.001 for hsCRP). No such association was observed with serum AST and γ-GT. In addition, the level of ALT is significantly correlated with anti-oxLDL Ab and hsCRP in the MetS with elevated ALT (P=0.021). Although the mean of serum triglyceride, total and LDL-cholesterol, UACR, and eGFR is significantly increased in MetS compared to controls, no such difference was observed between MetS with normal and elevated liver enzymes. Conclusions: MetS is associated with elevated liver enzymes. The individuals with MetS with elevated liver enzymes are associated with increase in hsCRP and anti-oxLDL Ab. The oxidative and inflammatory process might involved in progressive deterioration of liver functions in the MetS.

Power Quality Improvement in Grid Integrated PV Systems with SOA Optimized Active and Reactive Power Control

Sunil Kumar C.,Puttamadappa C.,Chandrashekar Y. L. 대한전기학회 2023 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.18 No.2

Power quality (PQ) is the prime constraint in grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems. In this paper, the reactive and active power controller is utilized with a three-phase grid-connected PV system to improve the PQ using seagull optimization algorithm (SOA). This proposed system comprises two key controllers as the Fly back converter with bacterial foraging optimization algorithm (BFOA) to track maximum power of PV panels and the suggested SOA optimized controller for the grid-integrated three-phase inverter. The grid integration of PV is utilizing a three-phase modular multilevel inverter, which manages the active and reactive powers by functioning the SOA optimized controller using the grid voltage. The novelty of the proposed system is to improve the PQ by utilizing the BFOA and SOA optimization algorithm for generating the maximum power and improve the active power from the non-linear PV. The proposed control strategy has to minimize power dropping into the inverter, by regulating the instantaneous active and reactive powers, for the improvement of PQ. Moreover, it can reduce the harmonic and reactive power compensation. The proposed system is established and replicated in the MATLAB/Simulink platform and its outcomes are examined and equated with existing methods.

Phototoxicity free quantum dot-based niosome formulation for controlled drug release and its monitoring

Kumar, Sunil,Kang, T. W.,Bala, Suman,Kamboj, Sunil,Jeon, H. C. Springer-Verlag 2018 Applied nanoscience Vol.8 No.4

Sooty Mould Infection on Mulberry-Management

( C. Rajagopal Reddy ),( P. Lakshmi Reddy ),( Sunil Misra ),( K. Dharma Reddy ),( P. Sujathamma ),( P. Rajasekhar Reddy ) 한국잠사학회 2003 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.6 No.2

Reversible Image Watermarking Based on Integer-to-Integer Wavelet Transform

Sunil Lee,Yoo, C.D.,Kalker, T. IEEE 2007 IEEE transactions on information forensics and sec Vol.2 No.3

<P>This paper proposes a high capacity reversible image watermarking scheme based on integer-to-integer wavelet transforms. The proposed scheme divides an input image into nonoverlapping blocks and embeds a watermark into the high-frequency wavelet coefficients of each block. The conditions to avoid both underflow and overflow in the spatial domain are derived for an arbitrary wavelet and block size. The payload to be embedded includes not only messages but also side information used to reconstruct the exact original image. To minimize the mean-squared distortion between the original and the watermarked images given a payload, the watermark is adaptively embedded into the image. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme achieves higher embedding capacity while maintaining distortion at a lower level than the existing reversible watermarking schemes.</P>

Durability studies on concrete with partial replacement of cement and fine aggregates by fly ash and tailing material

Sunil, B.M.,Manjunatha, L.S.,Yaragalb, Subhash C. Techno-Press 2017 Advances in concrete construction Vol.5 No.6

Commonly used concrete in general, consists of cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate and water. Natural river sand is the most commonly used material as fine aggregate in concrete. One of the important requirements of concrete is that it should be durable under certain conditions of exposure. The durability of concrete is defined as its ability to resist weathering action, chemical attack or any other process of deterioration. Durable concrete will retain its original form, quality and serviceability when exposed to its environment. Deterioration can occur in various forms such as alkali aggregate expansion, freeze-thaw expansion, salt scaling by de-icing salts, shrinkage, attack on the reinforcement due to carbonation, sulphate attack on exposure to ground water, sea water attack and corrosion caused by salts. Addition of admixtures may control these effects. In this paper, an attempt has been made to replace part of fine aggregate by tailing material and part of cement by fly ash to improve the durability of concrete. The various durability tests performed were chemical attack tests such as sulphate attack, chloride attack and acid attack test and water absorption test. The concrete blend with 35% Tailing Material (TM) in place of river sand and 20% Fly Ash (FA) in place of OPC, has exhibited higher durability characteristics.

Effect of Certain Insecticides in Controlling Pesudodendrothrips mori in Mulberry

( Sunil Misra ),( C. Rajagopal Reddy ),( V. Sivaprasad ),( K. Dharma Reddy ),( Chandrashekhariah ) 한국잠사학회 2003 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.7 No.1

Robust Video Fingerprinting Based on Symmetric Pairwise Boosting

Sunil Lee,Yoo, C.D.,Kalker, T. IEEE 2009 IEEE transactions on circuits and systems for vide Vol.19 No.9

<P>This paper proposes a video fingerprinting method based on a novel binary fingerprint obtained using a feature selection algorithm called the symmetric pairwise boosting (SPB). The binary fingerprints are obtained by filtering and quantizing perceptually significant features extracted from an input video clip. The SPB algorithm, which is a generalization of the conventional asymmetric pairwise boosting (APB), selects appropriate filters and quantizers from a class of candidate filters and quantizers in such a way that perceptually similar and dissimilar pairs of video clips are correctly classified as matching and non-matching pairs, respectively. The binary form of the novel fingerprint makes it conducive to an efficient database search, and the experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the APB-based video fingerprinting methods in terms of both robustness and discriminability.</P>