Atomistic simulations to study crack tip behaviour in single crystal of bcc niobium and hcp zirconium

Avinash Parashar,Divya Singh,Pankaj Sharma,Sahil Jindal,Prince Kumar,Avinash Parashar 한국물리학회 2019 Current Applied Physics Vol.19 No.1

In this article, molecular dynamics based simulations were carried out to study the fracture toughness of single crystals of niobium (Nb) and zirconium (Zr). Separate set of simulations were performed with different orientations of crack plane in Nb and Zr. In each case, efforts were made to align the crack front with principal planes of corresponding crystal structure, that was bcc for Nb and hcp for Zr. Deformation in single crystal of Nb and Zr was governed either by twinning or emergence of dislocations from the crack tip and surfaces. The deformation mechanism in single crystal of Nb and Zr also helps in governing the overall toughness of the material, while deforming via twinning leads to higher change in the crack length, whereas dislocations emerging from the crack tip blunts the opening and improves the toughness.

An Unusual Case of Simultaneous Cricoid and Thyroid Cartilage Metastases from Prostatic Adenocarcinoma on 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT

Avinash Tupalli,Nishikant Avinash Damle,ArunRaj Sreedharan Thankarajan,Bharadwaj Srinivas Mangu,Arunav Kumar,Dikhra Khan,Sambit Sagar,Chandrasekhar Bal 대한핵의학회 2020 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.54 No.1

Although prostate cancer can metastasize to any part of the body, laryngeal cartilage metastasis is extremely rare and few cases have been published so far. Here we present the case of a 65-year-old male patient, recently diagnosed with prostate adenocarcinoma, referred for staging with 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT. He was found to have extensive skeletal metastasis along with cartilage metastasis involving both thyroid and cricoid cartilages.

Investigation of molten fuel coolant interaction phenomena using real time X-ray imaging of simulated woods metal-water system

Avinash Kumar Acharya,Anil Kumar Sharma,Ch.S.S.S. Avinash,Sanjay Kumar Das,Lydia Gnanadhas,B.K. Nashine,P. Selvaraj 한국원자력학회 2017 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.49 No.7

In liquid metal fast breeder reactors, postulated failures of the plant protection system may lead toserious unprotected accidental consequences. Unprotected transients are generically categorized astransient overpower accidents and transient under cooling accidents. In both cases, core meltdown mayoccur and this can lead to a molten fuel coolant interaction (MFCI). The understanding of MFCI phenomenais essential for study of debris coolability and characteristics during post-accident heat removal. Sodium is used as coolant in liquid metal fast breeder reactors. Viewing inside sodium at elevatedtemperature is impossible because of its opaqueness. In the present study, a methodology to depict MFCIphenomena using a flat panel detector based imaging system (i.e., real time radiography) is brought outusing a woods metal-water experimental facility which simulates the UO2-Na interaction. The developedimaging system can capture attributes of the MFCI process like jet breakup length, jet front velocity,fragmented particle size, and a profile of the debris bed using digital image processing methods likeimage filtering, segmentation, and edge detection. This paper describes the MFCI process and developedimaging methodology to capture MFCI attributes which are directly related to the safe aspects of a sodiumfast reactor.

Paddy acreage mapping and yield prediction using sentinel-based optical and SAR data in Sahibganj district, Jharkhand (India)

Avinash Kumar Ranjan,Bikash Ranjan Parida 대한공간정보학회 2019 Spatial Information Research Vol.27 No.4

Rice is an important staple food for the billions of world population. Mapping the spatial distribution of paddy and predicting yields are crucial for food security measures. Over the last three decades, remote sensing techniques have been widely used for monitoring and management of agricultural systems. This study has employed Sentinel-based both optical (Sentinel-2B) and SAR (Sentinel-1A) sensors data for paddy acreage mapping in Sahibganj district, Jharkhand during the monsoon season in 2017. A robust machine learning Random Forest (RF) classification technique was deployed for the paddy acreage mapping. A simple linear regression yield model was developed for predicting yields. The key findings showed that the paddy acreage was about 68.3–77.8 thousand hectares based on Sentinel-1A and 2B satellite data, respectively. Accordingly, the paddy production of the district was estimated as 108–126 thousand tonnes. The paddy yield was predicted as 1.60 tonnes/hectare. The spatial distribution of paddy based on RF classifier and accuracy assessment of LULC maps revealed that the SAR-based classified paddy map was more consistent than the optical data. Nevertheless, this comprehensive study concluded that the SAR data could be more pronounced in acreage mapping and yield estimation for providing timely information to decision makers.

Prevalence of Sleep Disturbances During COVID-19 Pandemic in a Nepalese Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

Avinash Chandra,Pooja Prakash,Nabina Sharma,Ayush Chandra 대한수면연구학회 2021 Journal of sleep medicine Vol.18 No.3

Objectives: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and news of daily increasing cases inside Nepal and worldwide is adding to the fear that leads to anger, anxiety, frustration, and stress, emotions that directly affect sleep quality. This study aimed to assess sleep disturbances during the COVID-19 pandemic in a Nepalese population.Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 206 Nepali residents who completed anonymous self-administered questionnaires. The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) questionnaire was used to measure sleep disturbances before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The gathered data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics using SPSS version 20 statistical software.Results: There was a significant variation in sleep disturbances among Nepalese residents before versus after the COVID-19 pandemic (p<0.001). The prevalence of clinical moderate insomnia has increased tremendously in Nepalese individuals. Before the pandemic’s onset, only 3.9% of the participants had moderate to severe levels of clinical insomnia; after its onset, this value increased to 17.5%. The mean ISI scores were 6.35±4.65 and 8.01±6.01 before and after the pandemic’s onset, respectively.Conclusions: Our study findings suggest that people are suffering tremendously with sleep disturbances and calls for further research and active measures to help increase sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Prevalence and determinants of sarcopenia in Indian patients with chronic kidney disease stage 3 & 4

Avinash Kumar Dubey,Jaya Prakash Sahoo,Balasubramaniyan Vairappan,Sreejith Parameswaran,Priyamvada PS 대한골다공증학회 2021 Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia Vol.7 No.4

Objectives: There is limited literature on the prevalence and determinants of sarcopenia in the Indian predialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) population. The current study attempts to characterize sarcopenia in CKD stages 3 & 4 using 3-compartment model dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Methods: This is secondary data from a randomized trial on bicarbonate supplementation for preserving muscle mass. A 3-compartment DXA was done to assess body composition in 188 subjects aged 18 to 65, with stable kidney function. Sarcopenia was defined by Asian Working Group criteria - appendicular skeletal mass index < 5.4 kg/㎡ in women and < 7 kg/㎡ in men. Results: Sarcopenia was present in 69.1% (n = 130). There was no difference in the prevalence of sarcopenia in CKD stage 3 (n = 62; 72.1%) vs CKD stage 4 (n = 68, 66.7%); P = 0.434. A lower body mass index (BMI) (OR 1.69; 95% CI 1.43, 2.01) and lower bicarbonate levels (OR 1.22; 95% CI 1.02, 1.47), and age (OR 0.95; 95% CI 0.91, 0.98) was independently associated with the muscle mass. A BMI cut-off of 18 failed to identify sarcopenia in 78.4% (n = 102) subjects (Kappa statistic 0.396). The receiver operating characteristic curve for mid-arm muscle circumference for identifying sarcopenia was 0.651 (95% CI 0.561, 0.740). Conclusions: Sarcopenia is highly prevalent in CKD 3 and 4. Sarcopenic individuals are older, with a low BMI and lower bicarbonate levels. The anthropometric parameters and biochemical parameters did not help identify sarcopenia in the predialysis population.

Microencapsulation using aqueous dispersion of lipid matrix by fluidized bed processing technique for stabilization of choline salt

Avinash B. Gangurde,Ritesh A. Fule,Sharadchandra D. Javeer,Rahul K. Patole,Jaywant N. Pawar,Purnima D. Amin 한국약제학회 2015 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.45 No.2

Choline bitartrate (CBT) is a water solubleessential nutrient belongs to vitamin-B family. It is moisturesensitive in nature and marketed formulation has stabilityrelated problems during storage which curtails itseffectiveness. Waxes such as hydrogenated soya bean oil(HSO) reported to be an excellent coating carrier to reducemoisture sensitivity or hygroscopic nature of drug candidates. However, literature dictates HSO applications hasbeen explored mostly using non-aqueous methods or hotmelt techniques of formulation development. In this work,microparticles of choline bitartrate with aqueous coatingdispersion of HSO as primary carrier was successfullydeveloped using fluidized bed coating technique. Aqueousdispersion of HSO was prepared using selected binder in ahomogenizer and formed aqueous dispersion was thensprayed through 0.8 mm gun in fluidized bed processor. The microparticles were evaluated for parameters like flowproperties, morphological characteristics, drug content,encapsulation efficiency and drug release behaviour. Thesolid state characterization of optimized microparticlebased formulation was done by differential scanning calorimetry,X-ray diffractometry, infrared spectroscopy andscanning electron microscopy. The results showed thatmicroencapsulation of choline bitartrate were successfullydone by aqueous wax coating dispersion without using anyorganic solvent or hot melt techniques. Discolouration,fishy odour and drug content variation was not observedafter 6 months stability studies. Choice of proper carrier todrug ratio and selective formulation technique are criticalparameters for dispensing CBT microparticle based formulationwhich might significantly enhance itseffectiveness.

Inverse Design of Airfoil Using Vortex Element Method

Avinash G.S.,S. Anil Lal 한국유체기계학회 2018 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.11 No.2

A methodology for the parameterization and inverse design of airfoils, for obtaining a given target surface pressure distribution is presented. The airfoil parameterization is carried out using ordered pairs representing the x-y coordinates of ten control points of Bezier curve as parameters. The forward model consists of analysis of flow over airfoils carried out using vortex element method, which involve discretisation of the airfoil curve alone, in contrast to complicated grid generation over the region of flow. The airfoil parameters are selected by global search using a Genetic Algorithm code. Examples to illustrate the parameterization and design of airfoils are presented. A good matching between the target and designed airfoil shows that present methodology can be used as a tool for the design of airfoils.

Little known Curculigo brevifolia deserves a species rank: evidences from morphological, cytological and molecular data

Avinash R. Gholave,Asif S. Tamboli,Rohit N. Mane,Ramchandra D. Gore,박재홍,Sayajirao P. Gaikwad 국립중앙과학관 2021 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.14 No.4

The Curculigo brevifolia resurrected here based on morphological, cytological, and molecular phylogeneticanalyses. Curculigo brevifolia morphologically resembles C. orchioides but differs in having bulbils atthe tip of leaves for vegetative reproduction, leaves elongated falcately shaped, beaked fruits. Cytologicalparameters, karyotype formula, total haploid genome length (THL), values of CVCL, MCA also supportedthe distinctness of C. brevifolia and C. orchioides. Phylogenetic analysis based on cpDNA data resulted inthe recognition of three clades and strongly supported the revised systematics of Hypoxidaceae. Theresurrected species nests within the Curculigo clade of Hypoxidaceae and display a close phylogeneticaffinity with newly added Curculigo species and C. orchioides.

Variations and Characteristics of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) during Winter, Summer, and Spring at Seosan

Avinash Shastri,Jayant Nirmalkar,Seunggi Kim,Mijung Song 한국대기환경학회 2022 한국대기환경학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2022 No.10