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The Convexity Graph of Minimal Dominating Functions of a Graph
S. Arumugam,Sithara Jerry 장전수학회 2010 Proceedings of the Jangjeon mathematical society Vol.13 No.2
Let G = (V,E) be a graph. A function f : V → [0, 1] is a dominating function if ∑u∈N[v] f(u) ≥ 1 for all v ∈ V. A dominating function f is called a minimal dominating function (MDF) if any function g : V → [0, 1] with g < f is not a dominating function. If f is an MDF of G, then Pf = {v ∈V : f(v) > 0} is the positive set of f and Bf = {v ∈ V : ∑u∈N[v] f(u) = 1} is the boundary set of f. The relation defined on the set F of all MDFs of G by fpg if Pf = Pg and Bf = Bg is an equivalence relation which partitions F into a finite number of equivalence classes X1, X2, . . . , Xt. The convexity graph C(G) of G has {X1,X2, . . . ,Xt} as its vertex set and Xi is adjacent to Xj if there exist f ∈ Xi and g ∈ Xj such that any convex combination of f and g is an MDF of G. In this paper we determine the convexity graphs of some standard graphs. We also prove that the convexity graph of any connected graph contains K₃.
Probabilistic based CMOS Adder for High Speed Communication Systems
S. Venkatesh Babu,S. Arumugam 대한전자공학회 2021 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.21 No.2
Power efficient is an important availability for various mobile devices and communication system applications. The proposed probabilistic adder is to trade a lesser amount of accuracy with reduced power dissipation. In this paper, the probabilistic adder is eliminating the some part of the carry propagation path in least significant bit to reduce the power consumption and transistor count. The power consumption and probabilistic error behaviour of the proposed adder is designed and compared with other adders.
Equivalence domination number of a tree
S. Arumugam,M. Sundarakannan 장전수학회 2012 Proceedings of the Jangjeon mathematical society Vol.15 No.3
Let G = (V,E) be a graph. A dominating set S of V is called an equivalence dominating set if every component of the induced subgraph hSi is complete. In this paper we present a dynamic programming algorithm for determining the equivalence domination number of a tree.
아루무감(Arumugam S),홍성훈(S. H. Hong),뚜안(D. T. Nguyen),마니반난(Manivannan R),김영석(Y. S. Kim) 한국소성가공학회 2010 한국소성가공학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.5
At presence the industrial practice demands a reliable determination of forming limits which assures the prediction of properly selecting the forming process in a digital environment. Therefore, technological limits defined with the forming limit diagrams (FLDs) have to be known. The experimental evaluation of FLDs for sheet metal is time consuming and demands expensive equipment. Hot press forming (HPF) is an advanced sheet metal forming methodology which can able to produce high strength final product by forming the part with high temperature and also cooling the part rapidly inside dies, it’s an one of the most successful forming process which can produce a component with complex geometric shape, high strength and minimum spring back. For conventional sheet metal forming processes the forming limit diagram (FLD) is primarily applied as failure criterion in the automotive industry regarding a FE-based process design. This works deals with the prediction of formability of sheet metal during the hot press forming. In order to predict the FLD at high temperature, we used Marciniak-Kuczynski flat punch for equi-biaxial and round punch for uniaxial and plane strain for In-plane deformation test. However, thermo-mechanical coupled simulation carried out by using DEFORM-3D for forming and predicting the failure by using Normalized Cockcroft-Latham failure criterion model. By applying the above failure criteria in DEFORM-3D FLD simulation, we need to determine the critical damage values (C?) calculated from out of plane deformation test for uniaxial and plane strain experiments carried out at 25℃ (RT), 500℃ and 700℃. In addition, the formability of the simulation results in a hot press formed part is compared with the experimental ones to confirm the validity of the proposed simulations.
Evolution of dust temperature of galaxies through cosmic time as seen by <i>Herschel</i><sup>★</sup>
Hwang, H. S.,Elbaz, D.,Magdis, G.,Daddi, E.,Symeonidis, M.,Altieri, B.,Amblard, A.,Andreani, P.,Arumugam, V.,Auld, R.,Aussel, H.,Babbedge, T.,Berta, S.,Blain, A.,Bock, J.,Bongiovanni, A.,Boselli, A.,B Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2010 MONTHLY NOTICES- ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY Vol.409 No.1
<P>ABSTRACT</P><P>We study the dust properties of galaxies in the redshift range 0.1 ≲<I>z</I>≲ 2.8 observed by the <I>Herschel Space Observatory</I> in the field of the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey-North as part of the PACS Extragalactic Probe (PEP) and <I>Herschel</I> Multi-tiered Extragalactic Survey (HerMES) key programmes. Infrared (IR) luminosity (<I>L</I><SUB>IR</SUB>) and dust temperature (<I>T</I><SUB>dust</SUB>) of galaxies are derived from the spectral energy distribution fit of the far-IR (FIR) flux densities obtained with the PACS and SPIRE instruments onboard <I>Herschel</I>. As a reference sample, we also obtain IR luminosities and dust temperatures of local galaxies at <I>z</I> < 0.1 using <I>AKARI</I> and <I>IRAS</I> data in the field of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We compare the <I>L</I><SUB>IR</SUB>–<I>T</I><SUB>dust</SUB> relation between the two samples and find that the median <I>T</I><SUB>dust</SUB> of <I>Herschel</I>-selected galaxies at <I>z</I>≳ 0.5 with <I>L</I><SUB>IR</SUB>≳ 5 × 10<SUP>10</SUP> L<SUB>⊙</SUB> appears to be 2–5 K colder than that of <I>AKARI</I>-selected local galaxies with similar luminosities, and the dispersion in <I>T</I><SUB>dust</SUB> for high-<I>z</I> galaxies increases with <I>L</I><SUB>IR</SUB> due to the existence of cold galaxies that are not seen among local galaxies. We show that this large dispersion of the <I>L</I><SUB>IR</SUB>−<I>T</I><SUB>dust</SUB> relation can bridge the gap between local star-forming galaxies and high-<I>z</I> submillimetre galaxies (SMGs). We also find that three SMGs with very low <I>T</I><SUB>dust</SUB> (≲20 K) covered in this study have close neighbouring sources with similar 24-μm brightness, which could lead to an overestimation of FIR/(sub)millimetre fluxes of the SMGs.</P>
Rose, K.,Kim, B.S.,Rajagopal, K.,Arumugam, S.,Devarayan, K. Elsevier 2016 Journal of Molecular Liquids Vol.214 No.-
<P>For the first time, the homogeneous adsorption of a green inhibitor on the surface of steel was evidenced using energy dispersive X-ray spectral elemental mapping. Inhibition of steel corrosion in 1.0 M hydrochloric acid by Tabernaemontana divaricata plant extract and the evidences for adsorption of the inhibitor are described in this study. The inhibition characteristics of the green inhibitor were evaluated by means of weight loss and electrochemical measurements. A maximum of 95% inhibition efficiency was achieved by using 500 ppm of inhibitor. The adsorption of green inhibitor was found to obey the Langmuir's isotherm model. Further, the energy dispersive spectral mapping revealed the homogeneous distribution of the nitrogen, which indicated for the presence of inhibitor on the steel surface. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>
Cheng, Y.L.,Park, J.S.,Manzanero, S.,Choi, Y.,Baik, S.H.,Okun, E.,Gelderblom, M.,Fann, D.Y.W.,Magnus, T.,Launikonis, B.S.,Mattson, M.P.,Sobey, C.G.,Jo, D.G.,Arumugam, T.V. Blackwell Science ; Academic Press 2014 Neurobiology of disease Vol.62 No.-
Recent findings suggest that Notch-1 signaling contributes to neuronal death in ischemic stroke, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), a global regulator of cellular responses to hypoxia, can interact with Notch and modulate its signaling during hypoxic stress. Here we show that Notch signaling interacts with the HIF-1α pathway in the process of ischemic neuronal death. We found that a chemical inhibitor of the Notch-activating enzyme, γ-secretase, and a HIF-1α inhibitor, protect cultured cortical neurons against ischemic stress, and combined inhibition of Notch-1 and HIF-1α further decreased neuronal death. HIF-1α and Notch intracellular domain (NICD) are co-expressed in the neuronal nucleus, and co-immunoprecipitated in cultured neurons and in brain tissue from mice subjected to focal ischemic stroke. Overexpression of NICD and HIF-1α in cultured human neural cells enhanced cell death under ischemia-like conditions, and a HIF-1α inhibitor rescued the cells. RNA interference-mediated depletion of endogenous NICD and HIF-1α also decreased cell death under ischemia-like conditions. Finally, mice treated with inhibitors of γ-secretase and HIF-1α exhibited improved outcome after focal ischemic stroke, with combined treatment being superior to individual treatments. Additional findings suggest that the NICD and HIF-1α collaborate to engage pro-inflammatory and apoptotic signaling pathways in stroke.
Mohammad Mohammadhassani,Hossein Nezamabadi-Pour,Mohd. Zamin Jumaat,Mohammed Jameel,Arul M S Arumugam 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2013 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.11 No.3
This paper presents the application of artificial neural network (ANN) to predict deep beam deflection using experimental data from eight high-strength-self-compacting-concrete (HSSCC) deep beams. The optimized network architecture was ten input parameters, two hidden layers, and one output. The feed forward back propagation neural network of ten and four neurons in first and second hidden layers using TRAINLM training function predicted highly accurate and more precise load-deflection diagrams compared to classical linear regression (LR). The ANN’s MSE values are 40 times smaller than the LR’s. The test data R value from ANN is 0.9931; thus indicating a high confidence level.