Acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease; subgroup analysis for causes, risk factors for mortality rate, and steroid responsiveness

( Seung Hyun Yong ),( Ah Young Leem ),( Song Yee Kim ),( Kyung Soo Chung ),( Ji Ye Jung ),( Young Ae Kang ),( Young Sam Kim ),( Joon Chang ),( Moo Suk Park ),( Hye Jin Jang ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2019 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.127 No.-

Background: Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) has known as a poor prognosis disease, particularly idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Corticosteroid is widely used for treatment of acute exacerbation (AE)-ILD. This study aims to clarify efficacy of corticosteroid use, and compare the mortality rate depending on the subgroups of ILD. Materials and Methods: We collected the data from the patients who have diagnosed ILD and visited emergency room (ER) with the respiratory symptoms from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2018. We classified AE-ILD patients into 3 groups depending on methylprednisolone dose per kilogram. Also, we compared the mortality of IPF patients to that of non-IPF patients. Results: A total case of AE-ILD visited ER from 2016 to 2018 was 209 cases, including IPF cases (n=122) and non-IPF cases (n=87). We divided total patients (n=209) into three groups depending on steroid use, and these include group 1 of 0-0.49 mg/kg (n=78), group 2 of 0.5-0.99 mg/kg (n=58), and above 1.0 mg/kg (n=41), each. We found poor prognosis from the cases of IPF compared to non-IPF cases (p=0.029, OR 2.463). Furthermore, there was significant differences of mortality rate according to steroid dose (p=0.036, OR 1.712), CRP elevation (p=0.016, OR 1.004), and intubated case (p=0.000, OR 8.152). Also, we categorized IPF (n=122) to non-IPF cases (n=87) and analyzed the mortality rate. Most of the patients were death from ILD itself (n=23, 63.9%), Pneumonia(n=8, 22.2%), and Lung cancer (n=5, 13.9%). Bacterial infection (n=26) was dominant cause of AE, followed by fungal infection (n=15), and viral infection (n=10). Conclusions: This retrospective analysis of corticosteroid treatment shows more fatal outcome when we use high dose steroid in AE-ILD cases, and there was significant difference in mortality rate depending on the subgroup of ILD and medical background, such as intubation status, higher CRP level, and IPF cases.

Antenatal Treatment of Ambroxol Hydrochloride and Dexamethasone for the Prevention of Respiratory Distress Syndrome

박은애,이경은 이화여자대학교 이과대학 2003 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.26 No.2

연구목적: 미숙아에 대한 치료 한계가 점점 어린 연령, 적은 체중으로 햐향되면서 미숙아에서 발생하는 호흡곤란증(respiratory distress syndrome)은 출생 후 치료 뿐만 아니라 출생 전 예방에 더 많은 관심을 가지게 되었다 이에 본 저자는 산전 ambroxol hydrochloride와 dexamethasone치료가 미숙아 호흡곤란증 예방과 신생아 감염에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 본연구를 시행하였다. 방법: 조기 진통으로 미숙아를 분만하게 되는 101명의 산모에서 무작위로 ambroxol hydrochloride와 dexamethasone을 투여하였다. 이들에서 분만 된 113명의 신생아가 연구에 포함되었으며, 이들 환아를 대상으로 뇌실 내 출혈 및 신생아 감염의 빈도에 대한 평가도 이루어졌다. 결과: 대상 환아의 두 군간에 평균 재태연령, 출생시 체중, 조기양막파수의 빈도, 아프가 점수 등의 차이는 없었다. Ambroxol투여군에서 호흡곤란증후군의 발생 빈도가 20.6%로 dexamethasone군의 38%에 비해 낮았으나 통계적 의의는 없었다(p>0.05). 또한 인공 폐포 활성물질의 투여를 요구하는 중증의 호흡곤란증후군 빈도가 인공호읍기, 산소 치료, 입원 기간도 두 군간에 차이가 없었다. 신생아 감염의 경우 ambroxol 투여군에서 4.8%로 dexamethasone군의 24%에 비해 의미있게 낮았다(p<0.05). 결론: Ambroxol hydrochloride의 산전 치료 효과는 미숙아 호흡곤란증의 예방에는 dexamethasone과 비슷한 효과를 보였으며, 신생아 감염에서는 더 낮은 감염률을 보였다.

사회극화놀이의 효과와 지도방법에 관한 연구

박경애,서영숙 숙명여자대학교 생활과학연구소 1993 生活科學硏究誌 Vol.8 No.-

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of sociodramatic play training on children's learning readiness development and to find effective teaching strategies of sociodramatic play for 4∼5 year-olders. The subjects were 30 children attending a full time day care center. They were divided into experiment group and control one according to their age, sex, and IQ scores. Experiment group had 12 sociodramatic play training sessions. There training sessions were held in a week and each session took about one hour. The test used in this study was Developmental Test of Learning Readiness for Preschoolers developed by KEDI(1987), and t-test was used for the analysis of data. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Experiment group was improved significantly more than control group in the total score of learning readiness development test. 2. Experiment group was improved significantly more than control group in the scores of motor coordination area and in the comprehension area. 3. Children showed preference for particular social roles such as doctor or buyer. The more training sessions were, the more spontaneous were children. Older children showed more leadership than younger ones in sociodramatic play. As play session proceded, children became involved into play more quickly and actively. Teacher's affective intervention brought positive effects on children's active participation. Summary and discussion were followed.

일 대학 보건진료소의 결핵 관리에 관한 조사 연구

박경애 東新大學校 1997 論文集 Vol.9 No.-

The proportion of people who contacted T.B. in Korea has drastically decreased as a result of the incessant effort of the Korean government which adopted a policy of "Drive out T.B." as its foremost health policy. However, the proportion still remains relatively high compared with that of developed countries. This study was conducted to find some means for guiding and counseling university students who have T.B. The subjects of this study was consisted of 315 students at C university who were diagnosed as T.B. patients and registered at the C university health clinic front 1991 to 1996. The findings were as follows; 1) Prevalence rates of T.B. according to years were 0.5% in average 2) Incident rates of bacteriologically confirmed T.B. by years were 3.1% in average 3) According to the route of case finding, 91.4% of T.B. patients were identified by period phygical examination. 4) Rates of T.B. patients according to registered agents were 84.5% in average by university health clinic. 5) Seventy-two point six percent of patients were minimal and 20.7% were moderately advanced and 6.7% were far advanced. 6) Eighty-five point seven percent of patients were discharged after complete treatment, 2.0% of them were transfered, 2.3% were changed their diagnosis and 9.1% were under teatment. 7-1) Advantages in utilization of university health clinic were accessibility(61.5%), availability(46.2%), comprehensiveness and affordability(42.3%), care continuity(26.9% ) in order. 7-2) Disadvantages in utilization of university health clinic were difficult in contact doctor(60.0%), too burdensome of staff in clinic(56.0%), fear to be known as T.B. patient to the colleague(44.0%) in order.

경북 일부 지역 남, 녀 대학생들의 식품기호도와 식습관에 관한 연구

박경애 동아시아식생활학회 2003 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.13 No.6

The purpose of this study was to investigate food preferences and dietary habits of university students in Kyungbuk province. We assessed anthropometric measurements, food preferences, and dietary habits of seventy nine male and sixty nine female students at K university. The results of this study were analyzed with χ², t, and ANOVA test using SPSS package program. The percentages of students who were underweight, normal and overweight by body mass index (BMI) were 18.0, 22.1, and 27.7 for males, and 17.8, 21.7, and 28.7 for females, respectively. Preferences for noodles with bean sauce, bread (castella, red-bean bread), beef, pork, chicken, ham, garlic, milk, soy bean milk, carbonated drink, ionic beverages, bun (fried, steamed), croquette, soju(alcohol) and tobacco were higher in males than females, but preferences for tangle, strawberry, and orange were lower in males than females. Males did not skip meals compared to females, and ate more meat fat than females. Males exercised more frequently and longer than females. Eighty six point eight percent of females and 69.7% of males were dissatisfied with their weights, and females attempted the weight control more than males. Preferences for bibimbab(boiled rice with assorted mixtures), ionic beverages, and beer were shown higher in overweight males than in normal ones and preference for red fish, hamburger, and chocolate were higher in underweight females than overweight ones. Overweight females skipped meals more and ate more meat fats than normal weight ones. Normal weight males and underweight females were satisfied with their weight. The results of this study suggest that university students need more nutritional education, and modification of dietary habits based on food preference to prevent and treat obesity and to maintain their health.

한국 노인의 특성에 따른 맛 감지 능력의 차이에 관한 연구

박경애,이희주,박명숙,이정희,전상은,김종성,최스미 대한노인병학회 2002 대한노인병학회지 Vol.6 No.4

動物組織中의 脂質定量에 對하여

朴愛卿 이화화학회 1968 梨花化學會誌 Vol.- No.7

쥐의 뇌, 심장, 허파 등을 試料로 取하여 Thin layer chromatography에 依하여 脂質을 定量한 結果 cholesterol는 특히 뇌신경 조직과 부신에 많이 存在하며 Total cholesterol 含量은 뇌에 17.6㎎/g로 가장 많았고 심장에 3.2㎎/g로 가장 적었다. Free cholesterol 역시 뇌에 가장 많이 있고 심장에 가장 적었다. Glyceride는 Brain에 가장 많았고 大體로 Triglyceride가 많았다. Lipid is accumlated at adipose tissue, Adipose tissue consists of more than 90% triglyceride. Lipid is main energy source in the animal body as you know. In this experiment, we used brain, heart and lug from rat as samples. We tried to investigate the constituents of neutral lipid, and phospholipids. As a resalt, we separated six different material from nuetral lipid and four from the phospholipid. They were monoglyceride, diglyceride, triglyceride, free cholesterol esterified cholesterol fatty acids and phosphatidyl ethanol amine, phosphatidyl choline, phosphatidyl inositol, and one unknown lipid, respectively. Brain had the highest glyceride content and also highest cholesterol content which was about 4 times as high as that in the heart and lug. Phosphatidyl ethanol amine had the highest phospholipid and total cholesterol amount was the highest at the Brain.

초등학교 학생들의 음악줄넘기가 신체구성과 체력요인에 미치는 영향

박경애,김성수 韓國敎員大學校 敎育硏究院 2009 敎員敎育 Vol.25 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 음악줄넘기 운동을 초등학교 남여 아동을 대상으로 12주간 실시하고 초등학교 아동들의 체력과 신체구성에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 분석함으로써 초등학생들의 비만치료와 예방을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고 체력증진을 도모하는 방안을 제시하는 것이다. 본 연구의 대상은 서울시내 소재 C 초등학교에 재학 중인 2~5학년 학생으로서 남 32명, 여 18명 총 50명을 대상으로 선정하였으며, 연구대상자들의 동의를 얻은 후 연구를 실시하였다. 조사도구로는 12주간의 음악줄넘기, 신체구성에 체중, 체성분(%fat)이고, 체력요소에는 팔굽혀펴기, 유연성, 평형성, 악력으로 구성되었다. 유산소운동과 스트레칭 체조 실시 전, 후 측정된 자료와 신체구성, 체력자료는 평균과 표준편차를 산출하고 SPSS 15.0 version 통계프로그램을 이용하여 전, 후 시기간의 차이를 분석하기 위하여 paired t-test를 실시하였으며, 가설의 수락기준은 a=.05 수준으로 설정하였다 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 전체집단에서는 신체구성에서 체중에서는 감소한 경향이 있었지만 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났지 않았으나, 체지방량에서는 p<.001 수준에서 통계적인 차이가 나타나 체중의 통계적 감소 없이 체지방량이 줄어든 결과를 보여주고 있었다. 둘째, 전체집단의 체력요소에서는 유연성에서 p<.05 수준에서 통계적인 차이가 있었다. 셋째, 성별에 따른 신체구성의 차이 역시 체중에서는 평균에서는 p>.05 수준에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었으나, 체지방량에서는 남자 집단에서 p<.001수준에 서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 넷째, 성별에 따른 체력요소의 차이에서는 악력에서 여자 초등학교 학생들에게 p<.05 수준에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. The purpose of this study was attempted to find the effects of elementary students' physical fitness and body composition according th the music rope-jumping. Children were divided into two group(male and female). In the physical fitness aspect, The subject of this study were 50 students(man 32, woman 18)who inhabits in Seoul. The tools of this study was 12week music rope-jumping program, physical fitness test(push-ups, flexibility, balance, and grip power), and body composition(weight and %fat). The data from this study were analyzed using Frequencies, descriptives, paired t-test. Results of this study were as following. First, there was no difference of students' weight as a function of 12 week music rope-jumping at p>.05 level. But, there was a difference of students' %fat as a function of 12 week music rope-jumping at p<.001 level. Second, there is a difference of students' physical fitness(flexibiIity) as a function of 12 week music rope-jumping at p<.05 level. Third, there was no difference of students' weight as a function of sex on 12 week music rope-jumping at p>.05 level. But, there was a difference of male students' %fat as a function of sex on 12 week music rope-jumping at p<.001 level. Fourth, there is a difference of students' physical fitness(grip power) as a function of sex on 12 week music rope-jumping at p<.05 level.

잡가 연구의 현황과 과제 : 국문학계의 연구를 중심으로

박애경 洌上古典硏究會 2003 열상고전연구 Vol.17 No.-

국문학계에서 잡가 연구는 가장 혼란스러운 분야라 할 수 있다. 연구 성과가 쌓일수록 잡가의 정체성과 존속 시기에 대한 합의가 이루어지기 보다는 이견이 속속 노출되고 있기 때문이다. 잡가는 19세기 중반 이후 도시 유흥의 장에 등장한 순간부터 1920년대 전성기를 맞을 때까지 상당한 수준의 대중적 파급력을 드러낸 바 있다. 뿐만아니라 잡가는 중세 해체기의 문화적 역동성을 자양분으로 하여 자기부상한 후, 근대 전화기를 거치며 전성기를 맞이 했다는 점에서 중세의 끝에 성장한 서민 예술이 근대라는 시기와 만나며 겪는 변화와 생존 방식을 선명하게 보여주고 있다. 요컨대 잡가는 19세기 문화사와 근대 전환기 예술의 운명과 존재 방식을 가늠하는 척도이며 관문이라 할 수 있다. 따라서 잡가 연구는 그 특수한 위상을 밝히는 방향으로 진행되어야 한다. 이를 구체적으로 지적하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 문집, 가집, 고악보에 분산되어 있는 잡가 관련 기록을 수집하고, 해석할 필요가 있다. 둘째, 잡가의 존재양상과 방식을 객관적으로 살핌으로써 잡가의 개념과 범주에 대한 이견을 좁힐 필요가 있다. 셋째, 조선 후기에 형성되어 근대전환기를 거치고 일제 강점기까지 존속한 잡가를 통해 '통속예술에서 대중예술로의 상승'이라는 예술사의 발전 과정을 진단하고, 19세기 도시문화의 역동성을 밝혀낼 필요가 있다. 넷째, 전통적 장르에서 근대 대중예술로 순조롭게 발전한 잡가를 통해 시가에서 근대성이 실현되는 방식을 추적해볼 수 있다. 마지막으로 잡가를 고려가요, 사설시조 등 하위문화의 속성을 지니면서 잡종 장르의 면모를 지녔던 장르 간의 계보 속에서 파악함으로써 시가에서 장르 복합적인 현상을 해명하는 이론적 틀을 마련해볼 필요가 있다. Study on Jabka is taken as the most chaotic area in Korean literature academics. This is because different views are being raised rather than aligning on identity of Jabka and its duration as study results build up. From the moment of Jabka's introduction to urban entertainment stage in mid 19 century to height of prosperity in 1920s', Jabka demonstrated great deal of public spreading capability. Also, viewed in light of its emergence utilizing cultural dynamics during break down of middle age and having its peak passing through tansit period into modern age, Jabka demonstrates clearly as to how mass art that's developed at the end of middle age went through changes and survival measures by encounter with modern age. Jabka can be standard and gateway to discern 19 century cultural history and art's destiny and existence method during transit period into modern age. Therefore, Jabka studies need to direct towards period its unique phase. This can be illustrated in detail as follows. First, we need to collect and analyze Jabka related records scattered in various collections and music books. Second, we need toi narrow different views on Jabka's concept and criteria reviewing existence appearance and method of Jabka objectively. Third, we need to review development process of art history and to investigate dynamics of 19c urban culture through Jabka that was created at the end of Chosun dynasty and existed through modern transit period and Japanese occupation, that's summed up as rising from popular art to mass art. Forth, we can track its path in which modernity is materialized through Jabka that's developed from traditional gentr to one of modern mass art. Finally, we need to set theoretical frame that explains Jabka's hybrid genre complexity reviewing from genealogy between genres in which shows mixed gentr while maintaining character of sub culture such as Koryo Gayo and Sasulshizo.

사설시조의 여성화자와 여성 섹슈얼리티

박애경 한국여성문학학회 2000 여성문학연구 Vol.3 No.-

사설시조에는 여성화자가 주도하는 성담론이 두드러지게 나타나고 있다. 이 글은 여성화자의 성담론이 당대 현실과 관계 맺는 양상을 살피기 위해, 여성화자의 존재양상을 정황에 따라 나누어 살펴보고, 여기에 나타나는 발화 방식과 태도를 점검해 보았다. 여성화자의 성담론에는 훼손된 성을 드러내는 비교적 균일한 목소리도 간혹 드러나지만, 대개 간통, 성에 편향된 자아를 고백하는 분열된 목소리가 압도적으로 나타나고 있다. 어조의 분열은 시점의 불일치, 비현실적 상황 설정, 화자와 논평자의 분리로 가시화되고 있다. 이것은 사설시조에 나타난 여성화자와 실질적 발화의 주체와의 분리를 의미한다. 이 글은 이러한 문제 의식에서 출발하여 사설시조에 나타난 여성화자가 실은 기방 등 남성이 주도하는 유흥 공간에서 성욕을 대리 체험하고 대리 진술하는 욕망의 투사체로 기능하고 있음을 살펴보았다. 이 순간 여성화자는 남성의 일탈적 욕망의 대상으로 혹은 희화화된 ‘관음’의 대상으로 고정화되고 만다. 이는 사설시조의 여성화자가 적극적 태도, 도발적 포즈에도 불구하고 ‘타자성’에서 벗어나지 못했다는 의미로 해석할 수 있을 것이다. Sasul-Sijo is censuring in many aspects. In this study, I focused female narrator and its discourse of sexuality in Sasul-Sijo. Sexuality is the main process to understand the esthetic value of Sasul-Sijo, is known as being coincident with irregular form of this genre. Female narrator in Sasul-Sijo is escaping from the 'Model of the woman' that is restricted notion of Middle Ages. They express sexual desire, sexual experience and illicit love without hesitation. To make clear the meaning of female narrator and its discourse, I examined the aspects of discourse including tone and poetic circumstances, being related with reality at that time, and then was revealed its discord of tone, lack of unity. It is to say that the female narrator is not consistent with the real subject of speaking. It is the man who control the sexual discourse of female narrator. Therefore, we can conclude that female narrator is not the provision of expressing the desire and emotion of woman but the projection of man's sexual desire something like deviating. Female narrator is showed as the subject of expressing sexual desire and experience in place of man, sometimes the object of ridicule. And the characteristic of female narrator in Sasul-sijo is consistent with the image of Kisaeng. It means that however active on the surface, female narrator in Sasul-Sijo is not free from the meaning of the 'object'.