The ameliorating role of sofosbuvir and daclatasvir on thioacetamide-induced kidney injury in adult albino rats

Ahmed H. Moustafa(Ahmed H. Moustafa ),Heba F. Pasha(Heba F. Pasha ),Manar A. Abas(Manar A. Abas ),Adel M. Aboregela(Adel M. Aboregela ) 대한해부학회 2023 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.56 No.1

Thioacetamide (TAA) exposure and hepatitis C virus infection are usually associated with renal dysfunction. Sofosbuvir (SFV) and daclatasvir (DAC) drugs combination has great value in the treatment of hepatitis C. The study aimed to identify the nephrotoxic effects of TAA and to evaluate the ameliorative role of SFV and DAC in this condition. Forty-eight adult male albino rats were divided into eight groups and received saline (control), SFV, DAC, SFV+DAC, TAA, TAA+SFV, TAA+DAC and TAA+SFV+DAC for eight weeks. Kidney and blood samples were retrieved and processed for histological (Hematoxylin and Eosin and Masson’s trichrome), immunohistochemical (α-smooth muscle actin), and biochemical analysis (urea, creatinine, total protein, albumin, malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and tumor necrosis factor-α). Examination revealed marked destruction of renal tubules on exposure to TAA with either hypertrophy or atrophy of glomeruli, increase in collagen deposition, and wide expression of α-smooth muscle actin. Also, significant disturbance in kidney functions, oxidative stress markers, and tumor necrosis factor-α. Supplementation with either SFV or DAC produced mild improvement in the tissue and laboratory markers. Moreover, the combination of both drugs greatly refined the pathology induced by TAA at the cellular and laboratory levels. However, there are still significant differences when compared to the control. In conclusion, SFV and DAC combination partially but greatly ameliorated the renal damage induced by TAA which might be enhanced with further supplementations to give new hope for those with nephropathy associated with hepatitis.

Ultimate section capacity of steel thin-walled I-section beam-columns

Adel Helmy Salem,Ezzeldin Yazeed Sayed-Ahmed,Ahmed Abdelsalam El-Serwi,Mohamed Mostafa Korashy 국제구조공학회 2004 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.4 No.5

A numerical model based on the finite element technique is adopted to investigate the behavior and strength of thin-walled I-section beam-columns. The model considers both the material and geometric nonlinearities. The model results were first verified against some of the currently available experimental results. A parametric study was then performed using the numerical model and interaction diagrams for the investigated beam-columns have been presented. The effects of the web depth-to-thickness ratio, flange outstand-to-thickness ratio and bending moment-to-normal force ratio on the ultimate strength of thin-walled I-section beam-columns were scrutinized. The interaction equations adopted for beam columns design by the NAS (North American Specifications for the design of cold formed steel structural members) have been critically reviewed. An equation for the buckling coefficient which considers the interaction between local buckling of the flange and the web of a thin-walled I-section beam-column has been proposed.

Two-dimensional silicon carbide monolayer as a promising drug delivery vehicle for hydroxyurea anti-cancer drug

Adel Mohaned,Kadhim Mustafa Mohammed,Muttashar Halah Hasan,Hachim Safa Kareem,Abdullaha Sallah Ahmed,Rheima Ahmed Mahdi 한국화학공학회 2023 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.40 No.6

In nanobiotechnology, organic molecule-containing two-dimensional nano-structured materials are considered crucial for developing horizontal bio-inorganic nano-devices for pharmaceutical applications. We present a complete review of the application of silicon carbide monolayer (SiCML) for smart drug delivery of hydroxyurea (HU) through density functional theory computations. Also, interacting host-guest complexes with different approaching orientations, the charge transport, and the interaction strength were scrutinized. It was found that the application of HU together with SiCML was significantly effective for bio-functionalization with −35.86 kcal/mol interaction energy. The charge transfer from HU to the SiCML was confirmed by Hirshfeld method. The findings of the current study provide useful insights into research on the application of functionalized nano-biomaterials for drug delivery, nano-medicine, and other related fields.

An Analysis of Effective Throughput in Distr ibuted Wir eless Scheduling

RADWAN AMR MOHAMED ADEL AHMED AHMED 한국멀티미디어학회 2016 멀티미디어학회논문지 Vol.19 No.2

Several distributed scheduling policies have been proposed with the objective of attaining the maximum throughput region or a guaranteed fraction throughput region. These policies consider only the theoretical throughput and do not account the lost in throughput due to the time complexity of implementing an algorithm in practice. Therefore, we propose a novel concept called effective throughput to characterize the actual throughput by taking into account the time complexity. Effective throughput can be viewed as the actual transmitted data without including the control message overhead. Numerical results demonstrate that in practical scheduling, time complexity significantly affects throughput. The performance of throughput degrades when the time complexity is high.

The use of SMA wire dampers to enhance the seismic performance of two historical Islamic minarets

Adel El-Attar,Ahmed Saleh,Islam El-Habbal,Abdel Hamid Zaghw,Ashraf Osman 국제구조공학회 2008 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.4 No.2

This paper represents the final results of a research program sponsored by the European Commission through project WIND-CHIME (Wide Range Non-INtrusive Devices toward Conservation of HIstorical Monuments in the MEditerranean Area), in which the possibility of using advanced seismic protection technologies to preserve historical monuments in the Mediterranean area is investigated. In the current research, the dynamic characteristics of two outstanding Mamluk-Style minarets, which similar minarets were reported to experience extensive damage during Dahshur 1992 earthquake, are investigated. The first minaret is the Qusun minaret (1337 A.D, 736 Hijri Date (H.D)) located in El-Suyuti cemetery on the southern side of the Salah El-Din citadel. The minaret is currently separated from the surrounding building and is directly resting on the ground (no vaults underneath). The total height of the minaret is 40.28 meters with a base rectangular shaft of about 5.42 × 5.20 m. The second minaret is the southern minaret of Al-Sultaniya (1340 A.D, 739 H.D). It is located about 30.0 meters from Qusun minaret, and it is now standing alone but it seems that it used to be attached to a huge unidentified structure. The style of the minaret and its size attribute it to the first half of the fourteenth century. The minaret total height is 36.69 meters and has a 4.48 × 4.48 m rectangular base. Field investigations were conducted to obtain: (a) geometrical description of the minarets, (b) material properties of the minarets’ stones, and (c) soil conditions at the minarets’ location. Ambient vibration tests were performed to determine the modal parameters of the minarets such as natural frequencies and mode shapes. A 1/16th scale model of Qusun minaret was constructed at Cairo University Concrete Research Laboratory and tested under free vibration with and without SMA wire dampers. The contribution of SMA wire dampers to the structural damping coefficient was evaluated under different vertical loads and vibration amplitudes. Experimental results were used along with the field investigation data to develop a realistic 3-D finite element model that can be used for seismic risk evaluation of the minarets. Examining the updated finite element models under different seismic excitations indicated the vulnerability of such structures to earthquakes with medium to high a/v ratio. The use of SMA wire dampers was found feasible for reducing the seismic risk for this type of structures.

Investigation of Likelihood of Cracking in Reinforced Concrete Bridge Decks

Adel ElSafty,Ahmed Abdel-Mohti 한국콘크리트학회 2013 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.7 No.1

One of the biggest problems affecting bridges is the transverse cracking and deterioration of concrete bridge decks. The causes of early age cracking are primarily attributed to plastic shrinkage, temperature effects, autogenous shrinkage, and drying shrinkage. The cracks can be influenced by material characteristics, casting sequence, formwork, climate conditions, geometry, and time dependent factors. The cracking of bridge decks not only creates unsightly aesthetic condition but also greatly reduces durability. It leads to a loss of functionality, loss of stiffness, and ultimately loss of structural safety. This investigation consists of field, laboratory, and analytical phases. The experimental and field testing investigate the early age transverse cracking of bridge decks and evaluate the use of sealant materials. The research identifies suitable materials, for crack sealing, with an ability to span cracks of various widths and to achieve performance criteria such as penetration depth, bond strength, and elongation. This paper also analytically examines the effect of a wide range of parameters on the development of cracking such as the number of spans, the span length, girder spacing, deck thickness, concrete compressive strength, dead load, hydration, temperature, shrinkage, and creep. The importance of each parameter is identified and then evaluated. Also, the AASHTO Standard Specification limits liveload deflections to L/800 for ordinary bridges and L/1000 for bridges in urban areas that are subject to pedestrian use. The deflection is found to be an important parameter to affect cracking. A set of recommendations to limit the transverse deck cracks in bridge decks is also presented.

Effect of Pre-training and Post-training Nordic Exercise on Hamstring Injury Prevention, Recurrence, and Severity in Soccer Players

Ahmed Ebrahim Elerian,Mohsen M. El-Sayyad,Hend Adel Abdelhalim Dorgham 대한재활의학회 2019 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.43 No.4

Objective To investigate the effect of adding Nordic exercise as post-training in decreasing hamstring initial, recurrent injuries rates, and their severity. Methods In this randomly controlled trial study, 34 professional football players aged 21 to 35 years were randomly assigned into two groups (17 players each) from Sporting clubs at Alexandria, Egypt. For group one, Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE) was performed pre-training and post-training. For group two, NHE was only performed pre-training. The control group was the same team during the previous season. Length of the trial was 12 weeks. The Australian football association injury form was used to collect incidence of injuries for each subject in both groups. Results Pooled results based on total injuries showed that group one had significantly less hamstring initial injuries (92% less) than the previous season, while group two had 80% less initial injuries and 85% less recurrent injuries than previous season. Regarding the severity of injuries in term of mean number of absent days, it was 1 day for group one and 2.7 days for group two while it was 7.95 days for the previous season during total risk time of 116.3±13.2 and 117.6±5.7 exposure hours for group one and group two, respectively. Conclusion The use of NHE as a prevention protocol was effective in reducing all hamstring injuries with the use of NHE during pre-training and post-training having the greatest effect.

Phenotypic and genetic parameters of productive traits in Rahmani and Romanov sheep and crossbreds

( Adel S. Khattab ),( Sunday O. Peters ),( Adeyemi S. Adenaike ),( Abdel Aziz M. Sallam ),( Mahasan M. Atya ),( Heba A Ahmed ) 한국축산학회 2021 한국축산학회지 Vol.63 No.6

Data of 651 lambs (68 Romanov, 49 Rahmani, 151 [♀1/2 Rahmani X ♂1/2 Romanov) and 383 (♀3/4 Rahmani and 1/4♂ Romanov]) were collected from Mehalet Mousa Farm, belonging to Animal Production Research Institute from the period of 2009 to 2016 to estimate phenotypic and genetic parameters. The traits studied were birth weight (BW), body weight at four week (BW4), body weight at eight weeks (BW8) and body weight at twelve weeks (BW12) or weaning weight. Least squares analysis of variance shows significance of the effects of breed groups, gender of lambs, birth type; month of birth and year of birth on all traits studied. Rahmani lambs had heavier BW, BW4, BW8 and BW12 while Romanov lambs had the lowest ones. The first generation (♀1/2 Rhamani X ♂1/2 Romanov) had heavier body weights than Romanov and the second generation (♀3/4 Rahmani X ♂1/4 Roamnov). Gender of lambs had highly significant effect on body weights. Males were significantly (p < 0.01) heavier than females for all traits studied. Least square means of BW, BW4, BW8 and BW12 for single lambs were 2.69, 10.43, 13.53 and 16.10 kg, respectively. Least square means of BW, BW4, BW8 and BW12 for twin lambs were 2.50, 9.37, 12.5 and 15.16 kg, respectively, while least square means of BW, BW4, BW8 and BW12 for triple lambs were 2.09, 7.86, 10.83 and 13.67 kg, respectively. Estimates of direct heritability measured by single trait animal model were 0.14, 0.23, 0.25 and 0.26 for BW, BW4, BW8 and BW12, respectively, and the corresponding measured by multi trait animal model were 0.17, 0.24, 0.32 and 0.36 for the same traits, respectively. All genetic and phenotypic correlations among different traits studied are positive and significant.

The Effect of Public Debt on Foreign Reserves in Iraq for the Period from 2003-2019: An Econometrics Analysis

Ahmed Sabeeh Attiya,Fatima Messhib Laftah,Adel Salam Kashcool 대한산업공학회 2021 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.20 No.4

This research focus on the Econometrics analysis on the public debt on foreign reserves in Iraq for the period from 2003-2019. This has economic consequences that the economy will bear sooner or later. As a result of Iraq's depend-ence on a main source of financing, which is oil revenues, which are greatly affected by fluctuations in international prices. The standard analysis literature indicates that when we encounter these cases, we resort to using the ARDL method of joint integration with the slowing gaps. It is an indication of the coherence of the model, both scalar and statistical, and the optimum combination of delays was adopted, with an accuracy of (2, 0, 2) to estimate the parameters, and the quality of the model selection was inferred by the low values of (AIC), Schwarz. All model variables without exception have a significant level ranging from 1% to 5% approximately. In order to find out whether there is a long-term or short-term relationship that flows from the explanatory variables towards the dependent variable, the Bound Test was used. The calculated F value was 2.553643, meaning that it falls within the critical decision region.

Investigation of Likelihood of Cracking in Reinforced Concrete Bridge Decks

ElSafty, Adel,Abdel-Mohti, Ahmed Korea Concrete Institute 2013 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.7 No.1

One of the biggest problems affecting bridges is the transverse cracking and deterioration of concrete bridge decks. The causes of early age cracking are primarily attributed to plastic shrinkage, temperature effects, autogenous shrinkage, and drying shrinkage. The cracks can be influenced by material characteristics, casting sequence, formwork, climate conditions, geometry, and time dependent factors. The cracking of bridge decks not only creates unsightly aesthetic condition but also greatly reduces durability. It leads to a loss of functionality, loss of stiffness, and ultimately loss of structural safety. This investigation consists of field, laboratory, and analytical phases. The experimental and field testing investigate the early age transverse cracking of bridge decks and evaluate the use of sealant materials. The research identifies suitable materials, for crack sealing, with an ability to span cracks of various widths and to achieve performance criteria such as penetration depth, bond strength, and elongation. This paper also analytically examines the effect of a wide range of parameters on the development of cracking such as the number of spans, the span length, girder spacing, deck thickness, concrete compressive strength, dead load, hydration, temperature, shrinkage, and creep. The importance of each parameter is identified and then evaluated. Also, the AASHTO Standard Specification limits liveload deflections to L/800 for ordinary bridges and L/1000 for bridges in urban areas that are subject to pedestrian use. The deflection is found to be an important parameter to affect cracking. A set of recommendations to limit the transverse deck cracks in bridge decks is also presented.