국내 11-12세 소아에서 Td 백신 추가접종의 면역원성과 안전성 평가

이수영,곽가영,목혜린,김종현,허재균,이경일,박준수,마상혁,김황민,강진한,Lee, Soo Young,Kwak, Ga Young,Mok, Hye Rin,Kim, Jong Hyun,Hur, Jae Kyun,Lee, Kyung Il,Park, Joon Su,Ma, Sang Hyuk,Kim, Hwang Min,Kang, Jin Han 대한소아청소년과학회 2008 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.51 No.11

Purpose : This study was undertaken to evaluate the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of Td booster immunization in early preadolescents of Korea. Methods : Healthy preadolescents, who had been vaccinated with 4 or 5 doses of DTaP vaccines until 6 years old age, were enrolled in this study from August 2006 to April 2007. Diphtheria and tetanus anti-toxoid antibodies in sera were measured by ELISA just before vaccination and 4 weeks after vaccination to evaluate immunogenicity. Local and systemic adverse reactions observed for 4 weeks after vaccination to access reactogenicity. Results : 183 preadolescents were enrolled and mean age was $11.40{\pm}0.51$ years old. All subjects achieved seroprotective diphtheria and tetanus anti-toxoid antibodies (titers ${\geq}0.1IU/mL$) after Td booster vaccination. Among 183 vaccinees, 73.8% showed local adverse reactions and 37.2% systemic adverse reactions. Pain at injection site (66.1%) was the most common local reaction, and the most commonly shown systemic reaction was myalgia (17.5%). The adverse reactions were spontaneously relieved within three days after vaccination. Conclusion : Td vaccine in this study was high immunogenic and showed an acceptable tolerance in Korean preadolescents. Td booster vaccination at 11-12 years old is the most effective method to increase compliance of the vaccination and to decrease the incidence of diphtheria and tetanus. 목 적: 11-12세 연령에 Td 백신 1차 추가접종을 하는 방법에 대한 면역원성과 안전성을 평가하기 위해 연구를 계획하였다. 방 법: 2006년 8월부터 2007년 4월까지 연구병원 소아청소년과 외래에 Td 백신 접종을 받기 위해 내원한 11-12세의 소아를 대상으로 하였다. 면역원성을 평가하기 위하여 접종 전 및 접종 4주 후에 혈액을 채취하여 디프테리아 및 파상풍에 대한 항독소 항체가를 측정하였고 이상반응을 평가하기 위해 관찰 일지에 국소 및 전신 이상반응을 기록하였다. 결 과: 총 183명이 연구에 참여하였고 이들의 평균 연령은 $11.40{\pm}0.51$세이었다. Td 백신 접종 전후의 GMC는 디프테리아에 대해서는 10배, 파상풍에 대해서는 26배 이상 증가하였고, 접종 후 디프테리아와 파상풍에 대한 항체 양전율(항체가 ${\geq}0.1IU/mL$ 기준)은 100%이었다. 디프테리아의 접종 전 항체가가 0.1 IU/mL 이상인 피험자는 142명(77.6%)이었고 접종 후 항체가가 1.0 IU/mL 이상인 피험자는 174명(95.1%)이었다. 파상풍의 접종 전 항체가가 0.1 IU/mL 이상인 피험자는 146명(79.8%)이었고 접종 후 항체가가 1.0 IU/mL 이상인 피험자는 181명(98.9%)이었다. 접종 후 국소 이상반응이 73.8%, 전신 이상반응은 37.2%에서 발생하였으나 대부분 3일 이내 소실되었다. 결 론: 매우 높은 면역원성과 심하지 않은 이상반응을 고려할 때, Td 백신의 접종을 11-12세 시행하는 것은 디프테리아와 파상풍에 대한 가장 경제적인 방어 수단이며, 접종 순응도를 효율적으로 높일 수 있는 방법이다.

歐美都市에 있어서의 公私提携 및 國家와 市民社會

이수영 부산대학교 사회과학대학 1998 社會科學論叢 Vol.17 No.1

The transformation of cities has generated a series of crises and conflicts, polarization between the socially excluded and the better-off, growing disillusionment with traditional governing classes, the deleterious environmental impact of production and distribution, and the failure of welfare statism and neo-liberalism to come up with effective policy solutions. There has been a marked decline in the proportion of people employed in full-time and permanent jobs while those working part-time, on short-term contracts and in self-employment have grown. Women at present occupy almost half of the workforce. Subcontracting, out-scouring, and informal employment have become integral features of urban labor markets. The services sector has waxed while manufacturing has waned. Pursuit of economies of scale has been replaced by an emphasis on small-batch production and niche marketing of goods and services. Large-scale, hierarchical organizations have given way to small and medium-sized enterprises with flatter managerial structures, the demanded for workers in high technology occupations as well as low paid and labor intensive sectors appears to be growing. The impact of these on urban forms has given rise to the notion of a post-Fordist city. Urban as well as local governments acquire revitalized political role through the structural crisis of authority and power affecting nation states in the new global system. Nation states are too small to control the global flows of power, wealth, and technology, and too big to represent the plurality of social interests and cultural identities of society, thus losing legitimacy both as representative institutions and as efficient organizations. However, local governments have two important advantages over the nation states. They enjoy greater representativeness and legitimacy. They have much more flexibility, adaptability, and room for maneuver in a word of flows, changing demand and supply, and decentralized technological systems. Certain municipal situations found around the world are dominated at best by disinformation and bureaucracy and at worst by local bigwigs and corruption. But the potential of urban governments to be flexible forms for managing the global, with the cooperation of their guardian institutions at national and international level, can be developed through enhancing the skill of their staff, modernizing their management technology, and increasing their financial resources and their areas of authority. The reasons for the promotion of partnership to the top of the political agenda have much to do with the economic restructuring of local economics and a deep-seated changes in the machinery of government. The need for some form of public-private partnership exists in all advanced societies. Growing competition between cities for investment, and the role of business interests in local decision making have increasingly shaped the urban terrain. Decentralization and shifting responsibilities, increased financial constraints, and the development of privatized services have also created additional complexities for local governments. Urban governments are increasingly working through and alongside other interests. Partnership is conceived "not only as an essential adjunct of policy but as the most important foundation of government's strategy towards urban areas" Partnership represents a particular form in cities around the world. As defined by Keating, an urban regime is "a set of arrangements through which policy decisions are made, encompasing formal structures and informal relationships among political and economics elites comprising the governing coalition." It is also a response to the impact of neo-liberalism on social life, a recognition of the need to deal with the problems of social disintergration and poverty which have accompanied deregulation and restructuring. Rising crime, urban riots, and social discontent might give rise to political opposition, especially in the form of extreme urban social movement. The legitimacy of the political system is, thus, threatened by increasing social exclusion. Partnership is an attractive concept to government, because it commits other interests to regeneration, it diffuses responsibility for success or failure, and ensures that low levels of public expenditure can be used to lever large amount of private investment. Further, potential conflict about means and ends is transferred to the agencies within the partnership and thus is excluded from wider public debate. Integration is the key objective and this may be attained by various methods, of which the democratic form is only one. So a crucial question for partnership approach is to what extent it can deliver accountability, along with a balancing of efficiency and equity. Without a firm base in democratic principles, partnership could become a system for co-opting institutions into an extended system of repressive control. Crucial questions, therefore, include: which interests, and which players, will be included in partnerships and which will be left outside? Who will be the leaders within partnerships? Whose agenda will prevail? Government is used to refer to the formal institutional structure and location of authoritative decision-making in the modern state. The concept of governance is wider and directs attention to the distribution of state power. Its focus is on the interdependence of governmental and non-governmental forces in meeting economic and social challenges. Public-private partnership is situated in the context of these trends in governing and public management. This argument is explored in four major areas of this study. First, the evolving concept of governance is explored. Second, attention is paid towards explaining why interest in governance has grown. Third, the implications of changing forms of governance for understanding community power and the role of the state are described. Fourth, the challenge posed by public-private partnerships to conventional public administration notions of control, accountability, equity, and efficiency are examined. Public-private partnership has become an almost universal theme in urban policy and government on both sides of the Atlantic, offering low-cost solutions to urgent problems and transcending the ideological divides. In the United States, the concepts of the state is virtually unknown. Government is conceived as a matter of brokerage among interests in a fragmented and pluralist system. The European state, by contrast, is conceived as a policy actor, custodian of a broad "public interest" which is more than a mere aggregation of private interests and compromises among them. The prerogatives of private capital are not unchallenged but have historically been contested by politicized labor movement. European states have large, professionalized, and rather unitary bureaucracies. The U.S. has a fragmented bureaucracy, in which sections of the bureaucracy align themselves with private interests against other parts of the bureaucracy. This tendency is sometimes observable in Europe, but a markedly lesser degree. In the U.S., relationships between local governments and business interests tend to be direct. In Europe, they are usually mediated by national governments or the European Union. This enhances the power of capital in the U.S., since it can play localities off against each other, extracting bonuses in the process. In Europe, bonuses are regulated by national governments or the European Commission. The easiest way to tie down mobile capital to localities is to concentrate on capital-intensive projects. In particular, there is a bias towards land and property investments as a form of economic development, an approach which may do little for employment or to increase the value-added in local output. This bias is enhanced in the British/American model of stock-market capitalism, which requires very high rates of return over short periods. Further bias is created by the use of the "leverage ratio" as a criterion of success in partnerships. The more private dollars are mobilized for each public dollar, the more successful the partner is said to be. This may prove to be regressive, since it directs public dollars into least needed activities merely guaranteeing a rapid and high rate of return. Often public money is substituted for private investment, giving rise to "reverse leverage". Partnership does not necessarily constitute more efficient mechanism for achieving projects. Many large-scale infrastructure projects are natural monopolies and partnership may even be used to establish an effective private monopoly by the use of public powers. On the day the privately financed Skye Bridge in Scotland was opened, the profitable publicly owned Caledonian MacBrayne ferry service was closed. Where local government has a weak resource base and a problematic bond rating, and faces mobile capital, it will have no choice but to go into partnerships. This is the case of many American jurisdictions. The European states, however, are more autonomous of private capital and better able to define investment priorities. Political bias arises from the difference between the value system of government, grounded in openness and accountability, and that of business, grounded in secrecy and competition. Since the aim of the partnership is to lever investment resources, the owners of capital are given a privileged position. Labor interests, together with social advocates, tend to be excluded as the dominant development colaition is reconstituted. Projects largely financed and underwritten by government and undertaken using government powers of eminent domain and zoning, can be proclaimed as triumphs for free enterprise. The new public management, by blurring the public-private distinction and doing away with the concept of the state, also does away with accountability, transparency, and democratic choice. The best it can do is to offer competition and marketization as substitutes. Partnerships are often sought by the private sector to control competition and enlist public powers behind sectional ends. In Europe, politics is more than brokerage among private interests and the absolute prerogatives of capital have historically been questioned. Equity has always been highly valued as a principle of public policy. The autonomy of the state is an important principle in Europe. It may have been appropriated by the bureaucrats, it may be under pressure in the global political economy; but it remains a vital principle of action in a truly liberal democracy. Without it, society becomes nothing more than a market place; or, even worse, becomes the object of private monopolies.

음식물 유발성 아나필락시스

이수영 대한알레르기학회 2004 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.24 No.2

폐기물혼입굴착물의 선별특성과 재활용성 평가

이수영,김규연,전태완,신선경 유기성자원학회 2019 유기물자원화 Vol.27 No.2

과거 산업화와 경제발달 과정에서 증가하였던 폐기물이 일부 단순 투기되거나 비위생 매립시설에 최종 처분된 사례가 있다. 매립지 사용종료 및 신규 매립지 확보를 위해 사용이 종료된 비위생매립지 정비 사업들의 시행과 폐기물의 자원화 정책이 강화되면서 매립억제 및 기매립 자원의 재활용을 위한 매립폐기물의 순환이용과 순환형매립지 조성사업이 확대되고 있다. 폐기물혼입굴착물은 순환형매립지의 조성, 매립지 정비사업 및 각종 건설공사 등 다양한 굴착 현장에서 발생되며 자원의 유효이용과 폐기물의 적정처리를 통한 관리가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 택지개발, 순환형매립지 정비, 비위생매립지 정비 등 굴착·선별 공사가 진행 중인 사업장 3개소를 대상으로 폐기물혼입굴착물의 선별을 통한 선별가연물, 선별토사의 물리화학적 조성 및 특성분석을 통해 선별회수자원 및 잔재물의 특성을 검토하였다. 그 결과, 굴착․선별된 가연물의 부착토사 및 불연성분으로 인해 소각처리 시 운영효율 저하 혹은 고형연료 제조 시 제품의 품질기준을 충족하지 못할 수 있으므로 선별가연물의 불연물 함량을 관리할 필요가 있다. 선별토사의 경우, 매립된 폐기물의 유기성분이 토사 중에 잔존할 수 있으므로 굴착․선별된 토사류의 적정 재활용을 위해서는 선별토사의 유기물질을 관리하여야 할 것으로 판단되었다. The study is carried out to survey the proper management and to propose an eco - friendly separation system through efficient screening and resource recovery of excavated materials containing waste from various excavating fields such as reconstruction of landfill sites for reuse, reclamation of unsanitary landfill and residential land development of waste dumping sites. The current status and screening process and analytical characteristics of the excavated materials containing waste were reviewed. Through the analysis of the samples such as separated combustibles, recyclable soils and residues collected from the on-site visits we were able to understand the characteristics of separated materials and excavated materials containing waste such as calorific value, elementary composition, TOC, foreign material content and LOI. It has been found that elimination of the moisture of excavations, removal of attached soil from the surfaces of the excavated combustibles and the quantitative supply method of the input devices are the main operating factors as essential factors for the optimal separation of excavated materials containing waste. For efficient management and recycling of excavated materials containing, it is necessary to set criteria of ash content in separated combustibles and criteria organic matter content in separated soils.

다이어트를 위한 음식조절효능감이 건강제품 브랜드지지행동에 미치는 영향 연구

이수영,이상길,김정구 서비스마케팅학회 2015 서비스마케팅학회 학술대회 발표논문집 Vol.2015 No.11

생명보험(生命保險) 계약자(契約者)에서 B형간염(型肝炎) 표면항원(表面抗原)과 표면항체(表面抗體) 양성율(陽性率) 조사(調査) 연구(硏究) : vaccine접종(接種) 이후(以後)의 변화(變化) 양상(樣相)

이수영,이화숙,김경희,김강석,Lee, Soo-Young,Lee, Hoa-Suk,Kim, Kyeong-Hee,Kim, Kang-Seuck 한국생명보험의학회 1986 保險醫學會誌 Vol.3 No.1

To investigate the Positive rate of anti HBs and HBs Ag positive rate of the each group of vaccinated hepatitis B type and not-vaccinated, male 4150 female 2475, from May 1, 1984 to November 30, 1985 in the Medical department of Dae han Kyoyuk ins. Co., We examined into the HBsAg and Anti HBs by using the RPHA method and PHA method and the results which were adjusted statistically were as follows. 1. HBs Ag positive rate was 9.0%(228/2531)in 1984 and 7.0%(287/4069) in 1985, the positive rate in 1985 represented 2% lower than in 1984. 2. Anti HBs positive rate was 43.3%(1096/2531) in 1984 and 42.8%(1744/4069) in 1985, there was no significant change for two years. 3. Anti HBs positive rate in the group of the not-vaccinated hepatitis B type was 39.2%(869/2215) in 1984 and 38.8%(1333/3432)in 1985. 4. Anti HBs positive rate in the group of the vaccinated hepatitis B type more than once was 64.7%(419/647)in male and 71.5%(219/306) in female that was 66.9%(638/953) in total. 5. Anti HBs positive rate in the group of the vaccinated hepatitis B type three times was 68.7%(270/393) in male and 80.0%(156/195) in female and 72.4% in total. In this conclusion; The formation of Anti HBs in female showed more or less higher than male. 6. The cases which were detected HBs Ag and anti HBs at the same time were 4 in male and 3 in female and in the group of the vaccinated hepatitis B type, the number of HBs Ag positive cases were 8 in male and 10 in female. (On condition that we didn't distinguish $5{\mu}g/ml$, hepatitis B type vaccine, from $20{\mu}g/ml$ and after vaccinating, the lapsed time was not settled.)

소아 아토피성 천식 환아에서 바퀴 항원 감작에 관한 전향적 연구

이수영,정병주,김동수,김규언,이기영 대한천식알레르기학회 1992 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.1992 No.-

Designing an Instructional Model for Smart Technology —Enhanced Team-Based Learning

이수영 한국정보교육학회 2013 정보교육학회논문지 Vol.17 No.4

The purpose of this study is to explore and develop a new instructional approach to a technology-enhanced, collaborative learning environment called Smart technology-enhanced Team-Based Learning (S-TBL). We designed a novel instructional model that combines mobile technology, collaborative teamwork, a problem-solving process, and a variety of evaluation techniques from the viewpoint of a conventional team-based model. Based on the traditional TBL model, we have integrated smart learning technologies: 1) to provide a holistic learning environment that integrates learning resources, assessment tools, and problem solving spaces; and 2) to enhance collaboration and communication between team members and between an instructor and his or her students. The S-TBL instructional approach combines: 1) individual learning and collaborative team learning; 2) conceptual learning and problem-solving & critical thinking; 3) both individual and group assessment; 4) self-directed learning and teacher-led instruction; and 5) personal reflection and publication.

세브링 컨버터블 리미티드 - 무한대

이수영 숙명문학인회 2018 숙명문학 Vol.- No.6

Creep 거동에 의한 점성토의 항복강도에 관한 연구

이수영,신방웅,최기봉,안상로 충북대학교 건설기술연구소 1991 建設技術論文集 Vol.9 No.2

A theory of undrained creep rupture of normally consolidated clay is developed within the framework of an elasto-viscopl-astic constitutive model. The viscoplastic model is established as a realistic general description of soil behaviour as well as a computationally convenient for solving any properly formulated plasticity problem. This paper is studied based on the results of undrained triaxial creep tests on isotropically normally conslidated samples of a natural clay for the relation between stress and strain.