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김병길,황긍섭 한국교육철학회 2001 교육철학 Vol.19 No.-
It was mid 1990s that the term 'alternative education' first appeared in Korean educational circle. From then on, lots of people - educators, teachers, and the general public, etc. - have been seeking for 'alternatives' in their own way and proposing 'alternative' directions. This study identifies the categories of various alternatives suggested against the limitations of the established public educational system by considering the concepts of and precedent researches on alternative education. The categorization of alternatives in alternative education aims to remove the possible conceptual ambiguity of alternative education, which can be interpreted in numerous ways depending on the person and his or her viewpoint. It also intends to grasp the general outline of the ideals of alternative education. The alternatives raised against the established system could be categorized into the following four approaches : the market approach, the ecological approach, the complementary approach, the independent approach. In conclusion, the market approcah and the complementary approach are found out to be those which succeed to the traditional public schooling, while the ecological approach and the independent approach correspond to the 'paradigm shift'.