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      • KCI등재후보
      • KCI등재

        『중용(中庸)』에서 성(誠)과 지(智)의 관계와 공부론적 의미

        한상인 ( Han Sang-in ) 한국교육사학회 2018 한국교육사학 Vol.40 No.2

        본 연구에서는 『중용』에서의 성(誠)과 지(智)의 관계를 해명하였다. 곧 성과 지, 양자 사이에 필연적 연관성이 있는가의 문제인데, 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 성(誠)은 천지자연과 성인(聖人)의 측면에서 지(智)와 필연적 연관성이 있다. 성(誠)은 천지자연과 성인(聖人)의 자기 전개의 근본원리로, 천지자연과 성인 자신을 이루고[成己] 동시에 타존재를 이루어낸다[成物]. 이때 성기·성물은 각각 인(仁)·지(智)의 덕에 말미암는다. 따라서 천지자연과 성인에게서 성(誠)은 지(智)와 필연적으로 관계한다. 둘째, 군자(君子)는 지(知) 공부를 통하여 지(智)를 함양하고 성(誠)에 이르기 위해 노력하는 존재다. 군자는 그 존재적 한계로 말미암아 온전히 성(誠)할 수 없다. 다만 성하기 위해 노력할 뿐이다 [誠之]. 성하기 위한 노력은 지행(知行)의 공부로 구체화하는데, 지 공부는 성인이 타존재를 이루어내기 위해서 제정한 예의(禮儀)·위의(威儀)에 대한 공부이다. 군자는 성인이 제정한 예의·위의를 통하여 성인의 역사적 안목을 학습한다. 이상의 성과 지의 관계 해명을 통하여 다음의 공부론적 의미를 도출하였다. 첫째, 주자학 내 사학(史學)의 위상이 경학(經學)에 비해 결코 낮지 않음을 확인했다. 둘째, 격물치지(格物致知)의 지공부가 성(誠)에 다다르기 위한 필수적 과정임을 확인했다. This article clarifies the relationship between sincerity(誠) and wisdom(智) in the 『Zhongyong』, addressing the problem of whether or not sincerity guarantees wisdom. Regarding this question, two points are concluded. First, from the standpoint of sages(聖人) and the cosmos(天地自然), sincerity does guarantee wisdom. As the basic principle of their self-unfolding, sincerity is how the cosmos and sages simultaneously actualize themselves(成己) and other beings(成物). Here the actualizations of selves and others arise through the virtues of ren(仁) and wisdom respectively. Therefore, to sages and the cosmos, sincerity guarantees wisdom. Second, junzi(君子) is a being who strives to become sincere by cultivating wisdom through intellectual(知) study. In accord with his existential limitations, he can never be wholly sincere. He can only strive to be sincere[誠之]. This endeavor to become sincere is made concrete through intellectual and practical(知行) kung fu. The intellectual portion of this kung fu pertains to the civil and dignified manners (禮儀, 威儀) that the sages had established for the sake of actualizing other beings. It is through these manners that a junzi studies the historical perspectives of the sages. The following inferences concerning kung fu are made based on this clarification of the relationship between sincerity and wisdom. First, it is confirmed that in Neo-Confucianism the subject of history(史學) was not at all lower than that of classics(經 學). Second, it is confirmed that the intellectual kung fu of gewuzhizhi(格物致知) is a necessary process for attaining sincerity.

      • KCI등재

        평면비대칭을 고려한 추가 감쇠기가 있는 시스템의 간략화된 지진응답해석

        한상을(Han Sang-Eul),최문호(Choi Moon-Ho),공석환(Kong Seok-Hwan) 대한건축학회 2008 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.24 No.12

        This study investigates the effectiveness of proposed modal analysis method using the pseudo-force to deal with supplemental damping in the seismic analysis of elastic systems. On this study, the one-way asymmetric systems are considered because these will undergo lateral and torsional motion simultaneously due to supplemental damping and stiffness eccentricities. For the purpose of this study, the analysis is performed with the consideration of large range of system parameters, such as asymmetric of system and distribution of supplemental damping. And, the CPU running times are compared to investigate the effect of additional procedure on proposed methods. Finally, these proposed methods are applied to a three-story one-way asymmetric building with supplemental damping on each floor. These analytical results are compared with those obtained by direct integration method and conventional approximate method, which neglects the off-diagonal terms of the transformed damping matrix. It is found that the proposed methods can significantly improve the accuracy of the analytical results compared to conventional approximate method on large range of system parameters although it need a little additional analysis time.

      • KCI등재

        무요소의 적응적 세분화 방법을 이용한 국부화문제의 해석

        한상을(Han Sang-Eul),이상주(Lee Sang-Joo),주정식(Joo Jung-Sik) 대한건축학회 2008 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.24 No.3

        The Meshfree method is a method used to establish a system of algebraic equations for the whole problem domain without using predefined mesh for the domain discretization. Point interpolation method is based on combination of radial and polynomial basis functions. Introducing of radial basis functions overcomes possible singularity problem. Furthermore, the interpolation function is applicable for all points scattered over in influence domain and thus shape functions are of delta function property, which makes the implementation of essential boundary conditions much easier than the meshfree methods based on the moving least-squares approximation. In this study, an adaptive node generation procedure in the radial point interpolation method is proposed. Since we set the initial configuration of nodes by subdivision of background cell, abrupt changes of inter-nodal distance between higher and lower error regions are unavoidable. This unpreferable nodal spacing induces additional errors. To obtain the smoothy nodal configuration, it's regenerated by local Delaunay triangulation algorithm. This technique was originally developed to generate a set of well-shaped triangles and tetrahedra. In order to evaluate the error estimation technique, cantilever type plate was investigated. To demonstrate the performance of proposed scheme, the results of making optimal nodal configuration with adaptive refinement method are investigated for stress concentration problems.

      • KCI등재

        가상점성감쇠요소 도입에 의한 막구조의 형상탐색에 관한 연구

        한상을(Han Sang-Eul),이경수(Lee Kyong-Soo),김정화(Kim Jung-Hwa) 대한건축학회 2007 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.23 No.11

        In shape-finding process of membrane structure by dynamic relaxation method, three-node triangular membrane elements, the finite elements, are generally used. But serious changes of curvature in many membrane structures can make the mesh distortion. As a result, the final form of the membrane is not appropriate for the patterning and the stress analysis. To solve these problems, the viscous damping element is introduced to control the mesh distortion. It is placed at three sides of a triangular membrane element and the nodal force, residual force, can be controled by the damping force. Also, it does not prevent the convergence of residual force. The damping element is applied to various models to evaluate the improvement of mesh distortion and it is verified that the introduction of viscous damping element can control the mesh distortion, efficiently.

      • KCI등재

        Inertia 가 상표전환과 선택에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

        한상만(Sang Man Han),박종석(Jong Seok Park) 한국마케팅학회 2001 마케팅연구 Vol.16 No.1

        본 연구는 소비자가 상표전환 여부를 결정한 후에 상표를 선택한다는 2단계 의사결정과정을 통하여 상표선호요인과 관성요인이 상표전환과 상표선택에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고 있다. 본 연구모델은 기존 다양성추구 및 회피연구에서 제시하는 선택의 시간의존성 개념을 적용하고 있으며, 마케팅변수의 영향을 소비자 및 소비특성과 분리함으로써 소비자의 이질적 요소를 고려하고 있다. 연구결과 상표가치와 관련된 제품내적요인과 관성구매와 관련된 제품외적요인이 상호작용하여 상표전환확률에 영향을 미치고, 마케팅변수가 상표전환단계와 상표선택단계에 서로 다른 영향을 미치고 있었다. 이러한 결과는 기존고객을 관리함에 있어 소비자 선호와 관련된 제품속성요인과 사용 및 소비특성과 관련된 관성요인을 전략적으로 관리할 필요성이 있음을 제시한다. The purpose of this study is to investigate the churning behavior of customers in mobile telecommunication market. As the mobile telecommunication market becomes mature, the importance of the switching behavior of current customers is more and more recognized. This research is to develop the churning model of current customers as a two-stage choice model where a customers first decides whether to switch or not and in the second stage s/he chooses which carrier to switch to. When current customers face the decision of whether to switch from the current service provider, there are two factors which makes the customers to switch from the current service provider. One of the factors is the brand value related to brand preference, the other is inertia tendency related to customer`s demographic characteristics and consumption/usage characteristics.

      • 비고전적 감쇠를 가지는 구조 시스템의 지진응답해석

        한상을(Han Sang-Eul),최문호(Choi Moon-Ho) 대한건축학회 2008 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.28 No.1(구조계)

        This study investigates the effectiveness of proposed modal analysis method to deal with non-classical damping in the seismic analysis of elastic systems. On this study, the three-story one-way asymmetric building with supplemental damping on each floor is considered because these has non-classical damping due to damping. For the purpose of this study, the analysis is performed and compared to estimate the accuracy. Then the CPU running times are compared to confirm the effect of additional procedure on proposed methods. It is found that the proposed methods can significantly improve the accuracy of the analytical results compared to conventional approximate method although it need a little additional analysis time.

      • KCI등재

        공간구조물의 비선형 탄소성 후좌굴해석에 관한 연구

        한상을(Han Sang-Eul),이경수(Lee Kyoung-Su) 대한건축학회 2007 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.23 No.12

        In this study, a method for large deformation elastic-plastic analysis of space frame is presented. The method is based on large deformation formulation, which was developed initially for elastic systems, and is extended herein to include elasto-plastic effect. The method is based on an Eulerian formulation, which takes into consideration the effects of large joint translations and rotations. Local member force-deformation relationships are based on the beam-column approach, and the change in member chord lengths caused by axial strain and flexural bowing are taken into account. The effect of axial force of member on bending and torsional stiffness, and on plastic moment capacity, is included in the analysis. The material is assumed to be ideally elasto-plastic, and yielding is considered to be concentrated at member ends in the form of plastic hinges. The arc length approach is applied to trace the post-buckling range of elastic and elasto-plastic problems. Four numerical examples are presented which indicate that the method of analysis is highly accurate in predicting large deformation, buckling and post-buckling of elasto-plastic response of structures.

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