현대독일영화의 한 경향: 포스트모던 시대의 역사영화 -오스카 뢸러의 < 유대인 쥐스-양심 없는 영화 >(2010)를 중심으로

조수진 ( Su Jin Cho ) 한국독어독문학회 2016 獨逸文學 Vol.57 No.2

Der Film Jud Suß - Film ohne Gewissen von Oskar Roehler thematisiert die Geschichte Ferdinand Marians, der im dritten Reich die Hauptrolle des Propagandafilms Jud Suß von Veit Harlan gespielt hat. Der Film zeigt einige postmoderne asthetische Strategien, namlich eine Fiktionalisierung der historischen Fakten, oder vielschichtige Narrativstrukturen, unter anderem auf der Basis der Hommage, und Selbstreferenzialitat. Zunachst sind die Figuren dieses Films historische Menschen, doch ihre Charakterzuge und die sozialen Verhaltnisse, in denen sie agieren, werden durch Roehlers Einbildungskraft rekonstruiert und neu erschaffen, um sie als Mittel, ein Sittenbild der Nazizeit zu prasentieren, einzusetzen. Der Film beinhaltet die Spiegelstruktur, den Film im Film und das Drama im Drama. Das Publikum hat dabei die Moglichkeit, Identifizierung und Verfremdungseffekte abwechselnd zu erleben. Die postmoderne Asthetik des Films Jud Suß - Film ohne Gewissen tragt einerseits dazu bei, die Naziideologie zu karikieren und zu entlarven. Doch andererseits verhindert sie, dass man die historischen Fragen erkennt, und der Film bußt so an Historizitat ein.

혈관 생성 억제 제를 투여한 신생마우스 폐 조직에서 Retinoic acid의 세포자멸사의 억제

주선영 ( Sun Young Ju ),조경아 ( Kyoung Ah Cho ),유경하 ( Kyung Ha Ryu ),우소연 ( So Youn Woo ),박은애 ( Eun Ae Park ),조수진 ( Su Jin Cho ) 대한주산의학회 2008 Perinatology Vol.19 No.1

목적: Retinoic acid는 폐포 재생에 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 알려져 있어서 미숙아의 기관지폐이형성중의 예방에 사용되고 있다. 기관지폐이형성중의 병태생리는 미숙한 폐의 내피세포와 외피세포의 세포자멸사를 일으킴과 관련이 있다. 이에 본 연구에서 VEGFR2 억제가 신생 폐에서 세포자멸사를 증가시키는지, 또 retinoic acid의 투여가 본 폐 발달 억제 동물모형에서 세포자멸사를 억제하는지 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: VEGFR2 억제제인 SU1498을 생후3일된 마우스에 주사하고, 폐포발달이 이루어지는 그 후 10일간 retinoic acid나 위약을 주사하였다. 형태학적인 분석을 하였고, 세표자멸사를 비교분석하기 위해서 TUNEL 염색과 Annexin V을 표지자로 FACS출 시행하였다. 자멸사한 세포를 확인하기 위해서 동일초점 현미경으로 분석하였다. 결과: SU1498를 주사한 마우스에서 폐포면적과 평균폐포용적이 의미 있게 감소하였다. 세포자멸사도 약 3배 의미 있게 증가하였다. 자멸사한 세포는 내피세포와 상피세포에 분포하였다. Retinoic acid를 주사한 약 50%의 세포자멸사가 감소하였고, 형태학적으로 정상에 가까운 폐포 발달이 유지되었다. 결론: VEGFR2 억제를 하면 내피세포와 상피세포의 세포자멸사가 증가되면서 폐 발달이 저해되었다. 이어서 retinoic acid를 주사하면 세포자멸사가 억제되어 폐 발달유지에 도움이 되었다. 이러한 retinoic acid에 의한 세포자멸사의 억제가 기관지폐이형성증 예방에 기여할 것으로 추정된다. Background: Retinoic acid is known to play a role in alveolar regeneration and is used in the prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in premature infants. Many factors involved in the pathogenesis of BPD induce apoptosis of the endothelium and epithelium of the premature lung. We hypothesized that VEGFR2 inhibition would increase apoptosis in the newborn lung and retinoic acid would decrease apoptosis in our model of inhibited lung growth. Material and Methods: SU1498, a VEGFR2 inhibitor or vehicle was given to three-day-old mice. Subsequent retinoic acid or vehicle injection was given for ten days for the duration of alveolarization. Morphometric analyses were performed. Apoptosis was assessed with TUNEL staining and Annexin V staining. Co-localization of apoptotic cells with endothelial and epithelial cells was performed. Results: SUI498 injection reduced alveolar surface area and mean alveolar volume in newborn mice. Apoptosis was increased by three-fold in SU1498 injected mice. Apoptotic cells co-localized to endothelial and epithelial cells. Retinoic acid significantly reduced the degree of apoptosis by 50% in SU1498 injected mice and maintained lung development. Conclusion: VEGFR2 inhibition caused an arrest in lung development accompanied by an increase in apoptosis of endothelial and epithelial cells of the neonatal lung in mice. Subsequent retinoic acid treatment reduced apoptosis and we speculate that retinoic acid may preserve lung growth in bronchopulmonary dysplasia by inhibiting apoptosis in the neonatal lung.

여성의 다중역할에 따른 건강 차이

조수진,장숙랑,조성일,Cho, Su-Jin,Jang, Soong-Nang,Cho, Sung-Il 대한예방의학회 2008 예방의학회지 Vol.41 No.5

Objectives : Most studies about multiple roles and women's health suggested that combining with paid job, being married and having children was more likely to improve health status than in case of single or traditional roles. We investigated whether there was better health outcome in multiple roles among Korean women coinciding with previous studies of other nations. Methods : Data were from the 2005 Korea National Health & Nutritional Examination Survey, a subsample of women aged 25-59 years (N=2,943). Health status was assessed for self-rated poor health, perceived stress and depression, respectively based on one questionnaire item. The age-standardized prevalence of all health outcomes were calculated by role categories and socioeconomic status. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess the association of self rated health, perceived stress, and depression with multiple roles adjusted for age, education, household income, number of children and age of children. Results : Having multiple roles with working role was not associated with better health and psychological wellbeing. Compared to those with traditional roles, employed women more frequently experienced perceived stress, with marital and/or parental roles. Non-working single mothers suffered depression more often than women with traditional roles or other role occupancy. Socioeconomic status indicators were potent independent correlates of self-rated health and perceived stress. Conclusions : Employment of women with other roles did not confer additional health benefit to traditional family responsibility. Juggling of work and family responsibility appeared more stressful than traditional unemployed parental and marital role in Korean women.

일차성 방광요관역류 소아에서 항생제 예방요법 중에 발생한 재발성 요로감염의 빈도와 위험인자

조수진,김현진,이정원,이승주,Cho Su-Jin,Kim, Hyun-Jin,Lee Jeong-Won,Lee Seung-Joo 대한소아신장학회 2005 Childhood kidney diseases Vol.9 No.1

목 적 : 일차성 방광요관역류 소아에서 재발성 요로감염은 신반흔의 원인으로 장기간 저용량 항생제 예방요법이 권장되어 왔다. 그러나 최근 항생제 예방요법의 효과에 대한 의문이 제기되었고 항생제 내성에 대한 우려도 있었다. 이에 일차성 발광요관역류 소아에서 항생제 예방요법의 효과에 대한 기초자료를 얻기 위하여 항생제 예방요법에 발생한 재발성 요로감염의 빈도와 위험요인을 조사하고자 하였다 방 법 : 1995년 3월부터 2001년 12월까지 이대목동병원 소아과에서 첫 발열성 요로감염 후에 일차성 방광요관역류가 발견되어 1년간 저용량의 trimethoprim-sulfimethoxazole을 투여 받은 91명을 후향적으로 조사하여 재발성 요로감염의 빈도와 요로감염의 위험요인들을 분석하였다. 결 과 : 재발성 요로감염은 31.9%(29/91)에서 발생하였고 이는 0.32회/환자년 이였다. 발열성 요로감염은 0.26회/환자년이였고 비발열성 요로 감염은 0.07회/환자년이였다. 포경 남아에서 요로 감염의 재발율은 37.2%(19/54)로 포경이 없는 남아의 0%(0/5)에 비하여 유의하게 높았다(P=0.025). 위험 예측치는 신반흔에서만 유의하게 높았다[RR=3.8(95% CI 1.0-14.1), P=0.04]. 여아, 연령, 급성신우신염, 배뇨장애 및 원인균 등은 위험인자로 작용하지 않았고 방광요관역류의 정도에 짜른 유의한 차이도 없었다. .결 론 : 일차성 방광요관역류가 있는 소아에서 항생제 예방요법은 요로감염의 재발을 억제하지 못히였다. 포경과 신반흔이 재발성 요로감염의 위험요인이였고 방광요관역류의 정도에 따른 차이는 없었다. 일차성 방광요관역류 소아에서 우선적으로 포경과 신반흔이 없는 소아에서부터 항생제 예방요법을 시행하지 않는 무작위 대조연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Purpose : Recurrent urinary tract Infection(UTI) in primary vesicoureteral reflux(VUR) may lead to serious renal scarring, a major cause of childhood hypertension and end-stage renal disease. To prevent recurrent UTI, low-dose long--term antibiotic prophylaxis has been recommended. However, recurrent UTI still develops during antibiotic prophylaxis, the efficacy of which is now being disputed. The emergence of resistant bacteria has also raised concerns. To evaluate the effect of antibiotic prophylaxis, we investigated recurrent UTI during prophylactic antibiotic use in children with primary VUR Materials : The incidence and risk factors of recurrent UTI were retrospectively evaluated in ninety-one children with primary VUR on trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole(TMP/SMX) prophylafis during the year following their index febri]e UTI. Results : Recurrent UTI occurred in 31.9%(29/91) children and comprised 0.32 episodes/patient year. Febrile UTI was 0.26 episode/patient year and afebrile UTI was 0.07 episodes/patient year. The recurrent rate of UTI in male patients with phimosis was 37.2%(19/51), which was significantly higher than in males without phimosis 0%(0/5)(P=0.025). In the logistic regression analysis for recurrent UTI, renal scar was the significant risk factor for recurrent UTI [RR 3.8(95% CI 1.0-14.1) P=0.04]. For other well-known risk factors such as sex, age, degree of VUR, APN, and voiding dysfunction, the differences were not significant. Conclusion : TMP/SMX prophylaxis did not prevent recurrent UTI in children with primary VUR. Phimosis and renal scars were the risk factors for recurrent UTI but the grade of primary VUR was not. In VUR without phlmosis and renal scar, a randomized controlled study without antibiotic prophylaxis is required. (J Korean Soc Pediatr Nephrol 2005;9:46-55)

영상진단 수가 변화가 의료공급자 진료행태에 미치는 영향: 전산화단층영상진단 검사건수를 중심으로

조수진 ( Su-jin Cho ),김동환 ( Donghwan Kim ),윤은지 ( Eun-ji Yun ) 한국보건행정학회 2018 보건행정학회지 Vol.28 No.2

Background: Diagnostic imaging fee had been reduced in May 2011, but it was recovered after 6 months because of strong opposition of medical providers. This study aimed to analyze the behavior of medical providers according to fee changes. Methods: The National Health Insurance claims data between November 2010 and December 2012 were used. The number of exams per computed tomography was analyzed to verify that the fee changes increased or decreased the number of exams. Multivariate regression model were applied. Results: The monthly number of exams increased by 92.5% after fee reduction, so the diagnostic imaging spending were remained before it. But medical provider decreased the number of exams after fee return. After adjusting characteristic of hospitals, fee reduction increased the monthly number of exams by 48.0% in a regression model. Regardless type of hospitals and severity of disease, the monthly number of exams increased during period of fee reduction. The number of exams in large-scaled hospitals (tertiary and general hospital) were increased more than those of small-scaled hospitals. Conclusion: Fee-reduction increased unnecessary diagnostic exams under the fee-for-service system. It is needed to define appropriate exam and change reimbursement system on the basis of guideline.

현대 독일 사회 속 여성들의 삶을 바라보는 하나의 시선 -경계에 선 여성: 페오 알라닥의 <그녀가 떠날 때>(2010)를 중심으로

조수진 ( Su Jin Cho ) 한국독일언어문학회 2014 독일언어문학 Vol.0 No.64

In den spaten 90er Jahren treten die Filmemacher der sogenannten neuen Generation in Deutschland in Erscheinung. Der deutsche Film erlebt durch sie eine neue Phase. In dieser Zeit versuchen die Regisseure der neuen Generation die Frauenfiguren als soziale und geschichtliche Wesen darzustellen. Der Film <Die Fremde> ist von der Regisseurin Feo Aladag aus Wien. Sie ist mit Zuli Aladag, der zur 2. Generation der turkischen Immigranten gehort, verheiratet. Sie drehte den Film, um die kulturellen und Identitatskonflikte sowie die Probleme der 2. Generation turkischer Immigranten in Deutschland starker in die Offentlichkeit zu tragen. Die auffallige Eigenschaft dieses Films besteht darin, das Unsichtbare sichtbar zu machen. D.h. Tradition, Konvention, Ideologie und die sozialen Verhaltnisse werden mit filmischen Mitteln bildlich dargestellt. Beispielsweise liegt die Heldin Umai auf dem Bett, um das Baby abtreiben zu lassen(Bild 1). Da sieht das obere Frame der Leinwand sieht so aus, als ob sie dadurch unterdruckt wird. Das ist der Effekt des Filmformats in 2.35:1. Diese Mise-en-Scene spircht aus, wie belastend und schwer das Leben von Umai ist. Ein anderes Beispiel ist die Szene, in der die mannlichen Familienmitglieder den Ehrenmord an Umai beschließen(Bild 6). Hier wird kein Wort gesprochen, sondern durch das Cross Edit werden bloß die Nahaufnahmen der Gesichter gezeigt. Diese Szene stellt mit sprachlicher Enthaltsamkeit bildlich die konservative Tradition dar. Feo Aladag betrachtet die Frauen der 2. Generation der turkischen Immigranten in Deutschland mit Herzlichkeit. Sie mochte besonders die Schwierigkeiten des Frauenlebens darstellen, das auf der Grenze zwischen zwei Kulturen steht. Sie betont dabei das Paradox, dass dort, wo die Menschen die Menschenrechte radikal einfordern, eben das Patriarchat im Wege steht. Der Film <Die Fremde> bringt dem Zuschauer seine Message bildlich bei.

오스트리아 예술경영과 문화민주주의 -빈 극장연합을 중심으로

조수진 ( Su Jin Cho ),최미세 ( Mi Sei Choi ),곽정연 ( Jeang Yean Goak ) 한국독일언어문학회(구 독일언어문학연구회) 2015 독일언어문학 Vol.0 No.70

Die Debatte uber das Kunstmanagement in Osterreich hat erst in den 1980er Jahren begonnen. Das Kunstmanagement ist die Vorgehensweise, die Kunstwerke in die Ware Kunst transformiert und dafur die Marktwirtschaft voraussetzt. Die Verbreitung des Kunstmanagements in Europa verhilft einerseits dem von offentlichen Subventionen gestutzten Kulturbereich zu wirtschaftlicher Autarkie und sichert andererseits die Finanzierung kommerzieller Kulturbereiche. Die Vereinigten Buhnen Wien zeigen in besonderer Weise ein erfolgreiches Resultat des Kunstmanagements in Osterreich. Die Stadt Wien finanziert die Produktion des kommerziellen Genres Musical, einerseits um gemaß der osterreichischen Kulturpolitik das Image der kulturellen und musikalischen Nation zu pragen, und andererseits um die Rentabilitat zu gewahrleisten. Wichtig ist, dass die Stadt Wien die kunstlerischen Prozesse der VBW nicht kontrolliert und sich nicht in diese einmischt. Die sichere Finanzierung und die Freiheit der kunstlerischen Aktivitaten ermoglichen den weltweiten Erfolg der VBW. Der Erfolg der Vereinigten Buhnen Wiens spielt einerseits eine Rolle fur die Demokratisierung der Kultur, denn die Musicals der VBW rufen die breite Masse ins Theater und erleichtern dadurch die Verfugbarkeit der Kunst. Andererseits weist die Kulturpolitik Wiens nicht auf eine Kulturdemokratie hin, welche eine progressivere Idee als die Demokratisierung der Kultur ist und welche auf eine Kultur durch alle und fur alle zielt. Denn die osterreichische Kulturpolitik basiert grundsatzlich auf der Finanzierung der großen Kultur- und Kunstunternehmen, indem sie auf Rentabilitat setzt, wodurch verschiedene kleinere Kunstler und Kunstaktivitaten von offentlichen Subventionen und Unterstutzungen oft ausgeschlossen werden. Stattdessen ware eine offenere Kulturpolitik angebracht, damit sich Osterreich als Kulturstaat weiter entwickeln kann.

아우슈비츠와 기억: 우리는 역사와 어떻게 대면해야 하는가 - 영화 <마지막에는 여행객들이 온다>를 중심으로

조수진 ( Cho Su-jin ) 한국독일어문학회 2017 독일어문학 Vol.77 No.-

Der filmische Raum des Films Am Ende kommen Touristen ist Auschwitz. Doch man sieht keine tradierte KZ-Emblematik oder bekannte Schoah-Motive; stattdessen zeigt der Film die Gegenwart von Auschwitz, die zwischen dem Gedenkort und der normalen Kleinstadt oszilliert. Der Hauptprotagonist namens Sven, der Zivildienst in Auschwitz leistet, trifft dort den Zeitzeugen Krzeminski. Durch ihn erkennt Sven, wie der Gedenkbetrieb die Zeitzeugen ins Abseits geraten lasst, so dass diese die eigene Geschichte nicht mehr vermitteln konnen. Sven wird auf das Problem des angemessenen Umgangs mit Geschichte aufmerksam. Er fragt sich, welchen Effekt es hat, Jugendlichen das Haar von ermordeten KZ-Gefangenen in einer Vitrine zu zeigen. Es entstehen Zweifel, ob ein Museum wirklich der richtige Ort ist, um Geschichte zu vermitteln. Sven trifft auch das polnische Madchen Ania, die hofft, von Auschwitz weggehen zu konnen, um anderswo eine Ausbildung zu absolvieren. Sie steht stellvertretend fur die junge Generation von Auschwitz, die unter dem Druck der Historie der Stadt steht und dort keine Zukunftsaussichten hat. Ania ist wirtschaftlich orientiert und denkt nur an ihre eigene Zukunft; sie hat keine Lust, sich mit der Vergangenheit zu beschaftigen. Allerdings lebt sie vom Lager-Tourismus, denn sie arbeitet als Reisefuhrerin im Lagermuseum. Die Widerspruche des Lebens in Auschwitz und des Gedenkbetriebs lassen den Helden sowie das Publikum verwirrt zuruck und werfen wiederum die Frage auf, wie man personlich mit der Geschichte umgehen soll. Thalheims Film hat ein offenes Ende, was dazu anstiftet, neue Fragen zu stellen, ohne in politische Diskussionen oder Polemik abzudriften.

선별급여 도입이 위암수술의 건강보험 진료비 및 진료행태에 미치는 영향

조수진 ( Su Jin Cho ),고정애 ( Jung Ae Ko ),최연미 ( Yeon Mi Choi ) 한국보건행정학회 2016 보건행정학회지 Vol.26 No.1

Background: Selective health benefit was introduced for decreasing economic burden of patients. Medical devices with economic uncertainty have been covered as selective health benefit by National Health Insurance since December 2013. We aimed to analyze impact of selective health benefit to medical expenditure and provider behavior focused on electrosurgery (ultrasonic shears, electrothermal bipolar vessel sealers) for gastric cancer patients covered since December 2014. Methods: We used the National Health Insurance claims data of 2,698 patients underwent gastric cancer surgery between August 2014 and March 2015. Medical cost and patient sharing per inpatient day were analyzed to verify that covering electrosurgery increased medical expenditure and changed provider behavior from open surgery to endoscopic or laparoscopic surgery. Additionally, we analyzed the claim rate of medical device or goods relating gastric endoscopic and laparoscopic surgery. Results: Medical cost and patient sharing per inpatient day were increased after covering electosurgery as selective health benefit (39,724/1,421 won). However, there were no medical expenditure increases after adjusting claim of electosurgery and patient sharing was decreased 1,057 won especially. The coverage of selective health benefit did not increase the claim rate of medical device or goods related endoscopic or laparoscopic surgery, either. Conclusion: Covering electosurgery decreased patient economic burden and did not change of provider behavior. Expanding selective health benefit is needed to decrease economic burden of severe patients. Further study should evaluate the long term effect with accumulated data.

대구지역의 기후변화가 농업생태계에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

조수진(Su jin Cho),김해동(Hae dong Kim),김기영(Ki young Kim),조미현(Mi hyun Cho),추연혁(Yoen hyuk Chu) 계명대학교 낙동강환경원 2011 環境科學論集 Vol.15 No.1

A rise in temperature has considerable effects on natural ecosystem, social and economic activities as well as human. As global warming problem has recently come to the fore and climate change has accelerated, properly loss and casualties are mounting throughout the global communities. Such abnormal climate is not limited to one area or region, but occurs everywhere in various types. Global warming is the rise in temperature due to higher concentration of greenhouse gas in the air, in which carbon dioxide is the main example of greenhouse gas and emitted with human activities. Agricultural activities have been actively conducted in Korea before industrialization started with opening of a port in 1876. Lots of agricultural lands have been lost since industrialization at the 18th century, but agricultural activities have been still continued up to now. It is already known through many studies that suitable sites of cultivation have advanced north due to a rise in temperature due to global warming and that it has considerable effects on agricultural ecosystems including occurrence of new disease and insect pest. This thesis clarified the relationship between agricultural ecosystem and climate changes based on the climate data of Daegu where observation was conducted by the National Weather Service, and analyzed the factors that change climates. In this regard, it is required to prepare measures to cope with climate changes based on the results of analysis for the effects of climate change on agricultural environment, to establish and to explore proper measures to reduce such effects.