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양진향(Yang Jin-Hyang),정혜연(Jung Hye Youn) 기본간호학회 2009 기본간호학회지 Vol.16 No.1
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify relationships between violence response, coping, and burnout among emergency department nurses. Method: This descriptive study using self report questionnaires was conducted from October 1 to October 20, 2008. Participants were 147 general nurses working in emergency departments in hospitals having over 500 beds and located in Busan. ANOVA and Pearson's correlation coefficients with SPSS PC+ WIN 14.0. were used to analyze the data. Results: Scores for violence response, coping, and burnout were 3.08 (1-5 scale), 2.57 (1-4 scale), and 3.22 (1-5 scale) respectively. There were significant differences in violence response and burnout by education, clinical careers, clinical careers in ED, and plans to work in the future, and no significant differences in coping by general characteristics. There was a significant and highly positive relationship between violence response and burnout. Conclusion: The degree of violence response and burnout was comparatively high, while that of coping was average. Therefore, it is necessary to develop effective programs related to prevention and coping with violence for nurses in emergency departments. Institutional measures by hospital authorities are also needed to improve the nursing quality by providing a safe workplace.
김종대(Jong-Dai Kim),이옥환(Ok-Hwan Lee),이종석(Jong Seok Lee),정혜연(Hye-Youn Jung),김보경(Bohkyung Kim),박건영(Kun-Young Park) 한국식품영양과학회 2014 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.43 No.8
본 연구에서는 유기농 및 일반농 케일과 신선초를 착즙하여 다양한 실험을 통하여 안전성 및 항돌연변이 활성을 비교하였다. 유기농 채소즙의 안전성 측정을 위해 질산염과 아질산염 함량을 분석한 결과 케일즙의 경우 유기농 및 일반농의 함량이 유사하게 나타났다. 신선초즙의 경우 유기농이 일반농보다 질산염 및 아질산염 함량 모두 유의적으로 낮게 나타났다. 한편 7종류의 니트로사민 모두가 이들 채소즙에서 검출되지 않았다. 니트로사민의 저해물들이 반응하는 위에서의 변화를 알아보기 위하여 인공위액에서의 소화과정 중 질산염과 아질산염 함량을 분석한 결과, 유기농 및 일반농 채소즙의 질산염 함량은 인공소화 전보다 후의 함량이 현저히 낮아졌다. 인공 위액계에서 채소즙은 아질산염과 2급 아민에 의해 생성되는 니트로사민의 생성을 오히려 크게 억제하는 효과가 있었다. 질산염과 아질산염을 함유하고 있는 채소즙의 돌연변이 유발 및 저해 효과를 살펴보기 위해 Ames test를 한 결과 항돌연변이 활성이 있었으며, 유기농 채소즙의 항돌연변이 효과가 일반농에 비해 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 실험 결과 채소즙의 주재료가 되는 유기농 케일 및 신선초는 질산염, 아질산염 등의 함량이 낮을 뿐만 아니라 소화과정에서 전환되어 니트로사민을 생성하지 않았고 항돌연변이 효과도 우수한 것으로 나타났다. Vegetables contain high levels of nitrate, which can be converted to nitrite for reaction with secondary amines to form nitrosamines. In this study, we evaluated safety effects against nitrite and nitrosamine as well as anti-mutagenic activities of vegetable juices. To do this, the contents of nitrate, nitrite, and nitrosamines were determined in vegetable juices. The safety effects against nitrite and nitrosamine formation were also investigated under simulated human gastric conditions. The contents of nitrate and nitrite in common and organic kale and Angelica keiskei juices were 931~2,052 mg/kg and 13~82 mg/kg, respectively. However, seven kinds of nitrosamines were not detected in the vegetables juices. The nitrate content decreased when vegetable juices were digested under simulated human gastric conditions. Nitrosamine (N-nitrosodimethylamine) formation under simulated human gastric conditions was inhibited by addition of vegetable juices. In addition, vegetable juices, especially organically cultivated juices, showed anti-mutagenic effects in a Salmonella assay system. These results suggest that organically cultivated vegetable juices are a promising health-promoting source.