도시철도 차량의 사행동을 고려한 강아치 철도교의 동적응답

정창현(Chang-Hyun Jeong),조국환(Kook-Hwan Cho),신정열(Jeong-Ryol Shin) 한국산학기술학회 2023 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.24 No.8

철도교는 열차 축중에 의한 연직하중 분포 외에 열차주행에 따라 크기와 방향이 변하는 횡하중 분포를 나타낸다. 횡하중은 다양한 원인으로 발생하며 각 원인들이 연계하여 복잡한 응답을 나타낸다. 이러한 특성 때문에 설계기준은 교량형식과 무관하게 등가횡하중을 규정하고 있다. 철도교설계는 연직하중에 의한 동적해석을 수행하나 횡하중은 정적해석에 의존하며 횡진동 규정이 미흡하다. 본 연구는 강아치 철도교를 대상으로 사행동의 해석모델을 제시하고 도시철도 차량을 대상으로 교량-열차 상호작용해석을 통하여 정확한 동적응답과 사행동의 효과분석을 연구목적으로 한다. 이를 위하여 열차주행속도에 따라 파장을 매개변수로 선택하였다. 사행의 레일편차, 초기횡력, 위상차, 레일 종방향 마찰계수를 랜덤변수로 가정한 사행동 모델을 제시하고 시간적분법으로 동적응답을 분석하였다. 열차주행속도는 120km/h까지 10km/h 단위로 12가지를 적용하였다. 수치해석결과, 고유진동모드는 1차모드에서 횡변형이 우선적으로 발생하는 횡진동모드가 발생하였다. 거더 중앙부의 횡변위는 사행동을 무시할 경우 0.67mm이나 사행동을 고려하면 주행속도 120km/h에서 최대 4.7mm가 발생되어 약 7배 증가함을 알 수 있다. 이는 등가횡하중에 의한 정적 횡변위 2.4mm의 약 2배에 해당하는 변위이다. 일반적으로 주행속도가 증가하면 사행동을 고려한 횡변위도 증가하는데, 사행동 모델의 파장변화에 따른 횡변위는 특정속도에서 급증한다. 횡변위 응답분포가 급변하는 파장변화와 주행속도는 철도교의 진동특성과 연계되므로 각 교량모델에 따라 사행동 특성을 고려하여야 한다. 특히 횡진동모드가 지배하는 철도교설계는 사행동을 고려한 동적응답을 분석할 필요가 있다. A railway bridge has both a vertical load distribution and a lateral load distribution with size and direction that change according to the train movement. Lateral loads have a variety of causes, and each of them is linked and shows a complex response. Due to these characteristics, design standards stipulate equivalent lateral loads regardless of the type of bridge. In railway bridge design, dynamic analysis is performed based on the vertical load, but static analysis is used for the lateral load, and lateral vibration regulations are insufficient. The purpose of this study is to present a model for the analysis of snake-like motion for a steel-arch railway bridge and to analyze the effects and dynamic responses through bridge/train interaction analysis for urban railway vehicles. To this end, the wavelength was selected as a parameter according to the train speed. A snake-like motion model was made with the rail deviation, initial lateral force, phase difference, and longitudinal friction coefficient of the rail as random variables. The dynamic responses were analyzed using a time integration method. Twelve train speeds of up to 120 km/h were applied with intervals of 10 km/h. In the result of the numerical analysis, the natural vibration mode was lateral, and lateral deformation occurred preferentially in the primary mode. The lateral displacement in the center of a girder was 0.67 mm when the snake-like motion was ignored, but when considering the snake-like motion, up to 4.7 mm of displacement was generated at a speed of 120 km/h, which is an increase by about seven times. This displacement is equivalent to about twice the static lateral displacement of 2.4 mm due to an equivalent lateral load. In general, as the speed increases, the lateral displacement when considering snake-like motion also increases. The lateral displacement according to the wavelength change of the snake-like motion model also increases rapidly at a specific speed. The wavelength change and speed of the rapid change in the lateral displacement response distribution are linked to the behavior characteristics of the railway bridge, so the slope characteristics should be considered for each bridge model. In particular, in railway bridge design dominated by the lateral behavior mode, dynamic responses need to be analyzed while considering snake-like motion.

奇恒之腑(기항지부)와 奇經八脈(기경팔맥)의 관련성 고찰

류정아 ( Jeong Ah Lyu ),정창현 ( Jeong Chang Hyun ) 대한한의학원전학회(구 대한원전의사학회) 2014 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.27 No.2

Subject : The Association between Extraordinary Organs(奇恒之腑) and Eight Extra Meridians(奇經 八脈). Objectives : This study research some special aspects of Extraordinary Organs and Eight Extra Meridians which differentiated from ordinary Organs and Meridians, and the association between Extraordinary Organs and Eight Extra Meridians. Methods : First, researched classification standard and physiological characteristics of Extraordinary Organs through studying various chapters of HuangdiNeijing. Second, researched The Association between Extraordinary Organs and Eight Extra Meridians through studying on the origin of Eight Extra Meridians in HuangdiNeijing. Third, from accompanying researching the subject of Cheon-gye(天癸) and human body shape, draw synthetic hypothesis on the relationship among ordinary Meridians and Organs, muscles and skins of body shape, Extraordinary Organs and Eight Extra Meridians. Results & Conclusions : The following conclusions could be drawn. 1. Extraordinary Organs afford background for shaping human body. This is same as the properties of the earth which afford background for shaping all creations. The physiological characteristics of Extraordinary Organs is intermediation and regulation between Ki(氣) of Five Viscera & six Bowels and shape of muscles & skins in human body. 2. The origin of Eight Extra Meridians could be found in HuangdiNeijing. The collateral Meridians of the Uterus and Epiglottis Meridian are specifically formulated to supplying for the Uterus or Epiglottis. From this we can draw The Association between Extraordinary Organs and Eight Extra Meridians, that is Eight Extra Meridians are specifically formulated to supplying for Extraordinary Organs. 3. The Cheon-gye(天癸) is doing significant function in Eight Extra Meridians supplying for Extraordinary Organs. Cheon-gye concerned to growth, secondary sexual characters, generative function, aging process. Theses are all concerned with the changing of human body shape. Cheon-gye urge to change the body shape with following the human life cycle. 4. Human body has vertical symmetry because preserve its shape from the gravitational force. Eight Extra Meridians place at the middle or flank axis of human body, thus do physiological function that assistant human body have vertical symmetry shape. The purpose of shaping vertical symmetry is securing space what the inner Twelve Regular Meridians and Five Viscera & six Bowels create there own physical changes. On the other hand the inner changes need deviation between left and right because of mobility and circulation of force. But human body change the shape in the process of growth, reproduction, aging. Eight Extra Meridians play role at time of these processing, thus they deeply concerned to human’s life cycle and reproduction. 5. Eight Extra Meridians and Extraordinary Organs were named ‘Extra’ because of some special aspects which differentiated from ordinary Meridians and Organs. All they play role to have vertical symmetry shape of human body and maintain the shape, thus they deeply concerned to the change of human life cycle. These shaping maintaining and the change of human life cycle are very special aspects of human body. So they needed to differently cognize separate to the ordinary changes of Five Viscera & six Bowels and Twelve Meridians at inner space.

현대(現代) 한국사회(韓國社會)에 적합한 한의학(韓醫學) "치미병(治未病)"방법(方法)에 대한 모색(摸索)

류정아 ( Jeong Ah Lyu ),장우창 ( Woo Chang Jang ),백유상 ( You Sang Baik ),정창현 ( Chang Hyun Jeong ) 대한한의학원전학회(구 대한원전의사학회) 2011 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.24 No.4

In present-day Korea, a climatic change is causing various changes to the life of people and their body. The climate is more and more warm, so the internal environment of people`s body is exchanging to warm. The climatic change`s range is big and the speed is fast. So the harmony of human body is being destroyed and the human body`s adaptation ability is becoming low. At this condition, diseases more frequently occur. So doctor must expect the occur of diseases and practice early treatment. And in present-day Korea, a life environmental change is being advanced. The life environmental change is causing big changes to the people`s body and having influences to the occur of diseases. To this problem, doctor must expect and practice early treatment. This thesis would like to interpret about present-day Korea`s climatic changes and life environmental changes in Korean Medicine point of view, and try to present the method of Korean Medicine early treatment. And comment on present-day Korea`s early treatment method especially on health supplement or functional food and vaccination.

내외(內外),음양(陰陽)의 관점에서 본 한의학(韓醫學)의 역사(歷史)

정창현 ( Chang Hyun Jeong ) 대한한의학원전학회 ( 구 대한원전의사학회 ) 2008 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.21 No.4

The oriental medicine is not static knowledge. Since the publication of 『Hwangjenaegyeong(黃帝內經)』, it has unceasingly changed and developed, that changes and developments ate the reflex of culture and civil progression, and they also are active acceptance of the time`s demand. when we look back into the history of the Oriental medicine, angle of understanding disease can be classified into two concepts; internal-external and Eumyang. Internal-external is whether we find the source of disease internal or external. Eumyang is deciding which is more important between yin-essence and yang-gi which are components of the essence-gi of body. This thesis view course of development of theory of the oriental medicine since publication of 『Hwangjenaegyeong(黃帝內經)』 at certain point of internal-external and Eumyang and with those as background, will inquire into sameness and difference between the Korean medicine and the Chinese medicine, and provide an advanced course for the oriental medicine.

조타기 신호를 이용한 선회조기감지 방안에 대한 연구

정창현,홍태호,박계각,박영수,Jung, Chang-Hyun,Hong, Tae-Ho,Park, Gyei-Kark,Park, Young-Soo 해양환경안전학회 2013 해양환경안전학회지 Vol.19 No.1

가까운 거리에서 상대선과의 마주치는 상황 또는 교차된 상황에서 상호 피항동작을 취하게 되는데, 상대선박의 변침의도를 정확히 파악하지 못해 서로 같은 방향으로 피항동작을 취함으로써 충돌위험에 처하게 되기도 한다. 항해사는 피항동작을 취함에 있어 시각에 의한 판단, 레이더 또는 AIS 벡터를 이용한 판단, 또는 VHF 통신을 활용하여 피항동작을 취하고 있으나, 레이더 및 AIS를 이용한 기존의 방식은 선박이 선회 후 선수방위가 표시되기 때문에 선회를 탐지하기까지는 상당한 시간이 요구된다. 따라서 조타기 작동 신호를 상대선박에 신속하게 전달하여 상대선의 선회의도를 보다 신속히 판단할 수 있는 선회조기감지 방안을 제안하였다. 이러한 방법은 상대선의 변침의도를 보다 신속하게 파악함으로써 선박 상호간 충돌예방에 효과적이며, VTS 시스템 및 해양사고 분석에서 활용이 가능하다. If we were in a head-on or crossing situation with a target ship and did not know the target ship's intention to change her course, we might be confused about our decision making to change our course for collision avoidance and be in a danger of collision. In order to solve these problems, we need to develop an automatic system which enables mariners to easily detect a change in the target ship's course and efficiently avoid being on a collision course. In this paper, we proposed an early detection method on altering course of a target ship using the steering wheel signal. This method will contribute to the reduction of collision accidents and also be used to the VTS system and the analysis of marine accidents.

실선 예항시험을 통한 예인선의 소요마력 산출에 관한 연구

정창현,남택근,최혁진,Jung, Chang-Hyun,Nam, Taek-Kun,Choi, Hyuek-Jin 해양환경안전학회 2014 海洋環境安全學會誌 Vol.20 No.4

사고선박의 2차적인 피해를 줄이기 위해서는 사고선박을 안전한 곳으로 이동시키기 위한 예인선의 소요마력 산출이 요구되며, 길이 93 m 여객선형 대상선박에 대한 실선실험을 통하여 소요마력 산출에 대한 이론적인 계산식의 유효성을 검증하였다. 실선실험 결과는 이론계산 결과와 비교해 볼 때 상당히 일치되어 예선의 소요마력 산정을 위해 사용하기에 충분하다고 판단되며, 정적저항에서 공기저항, 마찰저항, 잉여저항과 더불어 프로펠러 고착저항이 상대적으로 큰 값으로 평가되었다. 피예인선은 예인과정에서 좌우 측면으로 $30^{\circ}$정도까지 스윙운동 및 요우잉이 발생하였으며, 이로 인한 동적저항이 큰 값으로 평가되었다. 추후 안전율에 대한 연구가 필요할 것으로 판단되며, 저항의 정확한 예측을 통하여 안전율을 최소화함으로써 경제적인 예인선의 사용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다. It needed the calculation of the required tugboat's power to move the damaged vessel to the safe area for reducing the additional damages. In this paper, it was verified the theoretical calculation method on the required power of tugboat through the 93m real ship tests. From the experiments, it was considered that the theoretical calculation method was sufficient to estimate the required power of tugboat. The resistance of the locked propeller was relatively big portions compared with other static resistances such as air resistance, frictional resistance and residual resistance. And dynamic resistance induced by swing movement and yawing was continuously occurred and it also was great effects on the total resistance. In the future, the safety factor will be considered and the exact prediction of ship's resistance will enhance the efficiency of tugboat because of the minimization of safety factor.

논문(論文) : 『소문(素問),골공론(骨空論)』의 “병소음지경(幷少陰之經)에 대한 고찰(考察)”

정창현 ( Chang Hyun Jeong ) 대한한의학원전학회 ( 구 대한원전의사학회 ) 2008 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.21 No.1

논문(論文) : ≪영추(靈樞),구침십이원(九鍼十二原)≫의 “부기지재맥야(夫氣之在脈也)”구절에 대한 소고(小考)

정창현 ( Chang Hyun Jeong ) 대한한의학원전학회(구 대한원전의사학회) 2014 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.27 No.4

Objectives : Among the translations of the verse "Sa-gi is on the upper side, Tak-gi is on the middle side, Cheong-gi is on the under side(邪氣在上, 濁氣在中, 淸氣在下)" in the texts of Miraculous Pivot(靈樞)ㆍNine needles and Twelve sources(九鍼十二原), the meanings of ``Ham-maek(陷脈)`` and ``Joong-maek(中脈)`` have contradictory versions. Methods : This study will identify the actual meaning of this verse through analysis of the phrase "夫氣之在脈也", followed by examination of the relationship between the meaning of "three-stratum puncture(三刺)" in the chapters Miraculous PivotㆍHandling needle(官鍼), Miraculous PivotㆍJong-si(終始) and the meaning of "刺有三變" of Miraculous PivotㆍLongevity and character(壽夭剛柔), after which its application in later periods will be discussed. Results : The words ``Sa-gi``, ``Tak-gi`` and ``Cheong-gi`` in the phrase "夫氣之在脈也" of Miraculous Pivot·Nine needles and Twelve sources each correspond to the words ``yang pathogens(陽邪)``, ``yin pathogens(陰邪)`` and ``essence derived from food(穀氣)`` of Miraculous Pivot·終始, respectively. Conclusions : The Upper-Middle-Lower of the phrase "夫氣之在脈也" in Nine needles and Twelve sources indicates the three levels of depth, in which ``Sa-gi``, ``Tak-gi`` and ``Cheong-gi`` each dwell. ``Ham-maek`` and ``Joong-maek`` are categorizations according to the depth of needling.

석유화학공장 규모 최적화를 위한 변수 선정

정창현 ( Chang Hyun Jeong ),장경수 ( Kyung Soo Jang ),한종훈 ( Chong Hun Han ) 한국화학공학회 2008 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.46 No.4

논문(論文) : 한의학(韓醫學)의 특징(特徵)과 노자철학(老子哲學)의 연관성(聯關性) -『황제내경(黃帝內經)』과 『도덕경(道德經)』을 중심으로-

정창현 ( Chang Hyun Jeong ) 대한한의학원전학회 ( 구 대한원전의사학회 ) 2009 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.22 No.4

In this paper, we will discuss the main characteristics of Korean traditional medicine and their bond with the philosophy of Noja(老子) to ultimately examine how 『Dodeokgyeong(道德經)』 affected medicine as a pragmatic field of study. Noja(老子) viewed the universe and the creatures living in it to be constituted by gi(氣), and that everything continuously moves and changes as a result of the conflicts between two opposing energies within, eum(陰) and yang(陽). 『Hwangjenaegyeong(黃帝內經)』 is about how this theory is applied to human lives. 『Dodeokgyeong』 speaks of the Heaven, Human, and Do accordance, offering the theoretical basis for the correspondence between nature and human in the 『Hwangjenaegyeong』, where the Heaven, Human and Do(道) accordance theory is embodied into each element of the human vital activity, establishing the identity of Korean traditional medicine as natural medicine. Noja declared life in accordance with Do(道) as an ideal way to live. 『Hwangjenaegyeong』 applies this idea to human vital activity setting the realization of Do the ultimate goal of life and offers actual guidelines. The preventive aspect of Korean traditional medicine is the characteristic most affected by 『Dodeokgyeong』. 『Hwangjenaegyeong』 and 『Dodeokgyeong』 both recognized the relativity of objects, and spoke of harmony and balance as the answer to conflicts between matters.