농촌전통테마마을사업의 파급효과분석

최윤상(崔允相),이금옥(李金玉),김보균(金保均),정해동(丁海東) 경인행정학회 2013 한국정책연구 Vol.13 No.2

본 연구는 산업연관분석을 이용하여 농촌전통테마마을 조성사업의 경제적 파급효과를 분석함으로서 이 사업이 정책적인 당위성을 규명하고자 하였다. 본 연구에서는 사업평가의 정확성을 높이기 위해 사업의 경제적 파급효과를 기반시설 조성단계(사업지원금 기준)와 사업운영단계(운영수익 기준)의 2단계로 구분하여 분석하였다. 분석결과에 따르면, 농촌전통테마마을사업의 기반시설 조성단계에 대한 총생산유발액는 757억원이고, 총취업유발인원은 796명이다. 2010~2011년 사업운영단계에 대한 생산유발효과는 829억 6천만원이고, 취업유발효과는 990명이다. 분석결과를 종합해 보면, 농촌전통테마마을 조성사업의 생산유발효과 1,586억 6천만원(총 사업지원금 340억원의 약 4.7배)이고 총 취업유발효과 1,786명이다. 따라서 농촌전통테마마을사업은 투자된 사업비에 비해 지역경제뿐만 아니라 국가경제 전체에 대한 파급효과가 매우 큰 사업인 젓으로 나타났다.

금강하구언 담수방류와 춘계 식물플랑크톤 군집의 단주기 변동

이원호,명금옥,유영두,김영길,정해진,Yih, Won-Ho,Myung, Geum-Og,Yoo, Yeong-Du,Kim, Young-Geel,Jeong, Hae-Jm 한국해양학회 2005 바다 Vol.10 No.3

1988년에 완공하여 1994년 8월부터 수문을 작동한 금강 하구언으로 인해 금강 하구역 환경은 크게 변하였다. 수문을 통해 담수를 불규칙하게 방류하면, 극심한 염분 저하와 함께 수중 무기영양염 농도가 급변한다. 이와 같이 환경 스트레스가 큰 금강 하구 내측에서 춘계 식물플랑크톤 군집의 단주기 변동을 연구하기 위하여, 2004년 2월 중순부터 4개월 동안 2개의 고정점에서 약 2일 간격으로 고조 때에 현장조사와 시료채취를 실시하였다. 하구언에 근접한 정점에서는 정점2(도선장 부근 정점)에 비해 염분 측정치의 변동계수가 2배에 이르러, 정점1에서 시간에 따른 염분의 변동이 극심함을 반증하였다. 용존 무기영양염 가운데, 질소계 영양염($NO_3^-,\;NO_2^-$ 및 $NH_4^+$)의 농도가 정점2에 비해 정점1에서 뚜렷이 높게 나타나, 수문 작동에 따라 그 농도가 부정기적으로 급변할 수 있는 환경임을 확인하였다. 식물플랑크톤 군집을 구성하는 주요 분류군은 규조류로서 출현종의 수나 생물량 모두 최고치를 기록하였다. 이 가운데 단독성 중심 규조 Cyolotella meneghiniana와 사슬형 중심 규조 Skeletonema costatum은 조사기간 전반부에 차례대로 5-6주 동안씩(천이 구간 I 및 II)절대 우점하여, 수온 $10^{\circ}C$의 시점을 중심으로 뚜렷한 천이현상을 보여 주었다. 천이구간 III(4월 중순-5월 말)은 대량 방류된 담수와 함께 하구역에 유입된 담수 녹조종인 남세균 Aphanizomenon flos-aquae와 Phormidium sp. 등이 매우 높은 구성비를 나타낸 시기이다. 이 기간에는 극저염-고염의 극심한 변동으로 인하여 낮은 수준의 생물량을 기록한 규조 Cyclotella meneghiniana와 Skeletonema costatum 외에는 담수종들이 전적으로 우점하였다. 천이구간 IV에서는 수온이 $18^{\circ}C$ 이상으로 상승하면서, 규조 Guinardia delicatuia가 단일 시료 내 최고 우점도 $75^{\circ}C$를 기록하며 약 일주일간 우점하였다. 즉, 조사기간 중에는 수온 $18^{\circ}C$ 미만의 극심한 염분 변동기(천이구간 III)를 제외한, 전 기간 중에 규조가 절대 우점하며 춘계 식물플랑크톤 우점종의 천이를 주도하였다. 천이구간 III에서도, 만약 담수방류의 규모와 빈도를 적절히 조절하였더라면, 주요 우점종이 담수 남세균이 아닌 하구성 규조로 바뀔 수도 있었을 것이다. 본 연구에 적용한 격일간 현장조사는 불규칙한 담수방류가 불가피한 반일주조 하의 하구역 환경에서 식물플랑크톤 종의 천이현상을 규명하기 위한 최소한의 필요조건으로 판단된다. Irregular discharges of freshwater through the water gates of the Keum River Estuarine Weir, Korea, whose construction had been completed in 1998 with its water gates being operated as late as August 1994, drastically modified the estuarine environment. Sharp decrease of salinity along with the altered concentrations of inorganic nutrients are accompanied with the irregular discharges of freshwater into the estuary under the influence of regular semi-diurnal tidal effect. Field sampling was carried out on the time of high tide at 2 fixed stations(St.1 near the Estuarine Weir and St.2 off Kunsan Ferry Station) every other day for 4 months from mid-February 2004 to investigate into the semi-weekly variation of spring phytoplankton community in relation to the freshwater discharges from Keum River Estuarine Weir. CV(coefficient of variation) of salinity measurements was roughly 2 times greater in St.1 than that in St.2, reflecting extreme salinity variation in St.1 Among inorganic nutrients, concentrations of N-nutrients($NO_3^-,\;NO_2^-$ and $NH_4^+$) were clearly higher in St.1, to imply the more drastic changes of the nutrient concentrations in St.1. than St.2 following the freshwater discharges. As a component of phytoplankton community, diatoms were among the top dominants in terms of species richness as well as biomass. Solitary centric diatom, Cyclotella meneghiniana, and chain-forming centric diatom, Skeletonema costatum, dominated over the phytoplankton community in order for S-6 weeks each (Succession Interval I and II), and the latter succeeded to the former from the time of <$10^{\circ}C$ of water temperature. Cyanobacterial species, Aphanizomenon Posaquae and Phormidium sp., which might be transported into the estuary along with the discharged freshwater, occupied high portion of total biomass during Succession Interval III(mid-April to late-May). During this period, freshwater species exclusively dominated over the phytoplankton community except the low concentrations of the co-occurring 2 estuarine diatoms, Cyclotella meneghiniana and Skeletonema costatum. During the 4th Succession Interval when the water temperature was over $18^{\circ}C$, the diatom, Guinardia delicatula, was predominant for a week with the highest dominance of $75\%$ in discrete samples. To summarize, during all the Succession Intervals other than Succession Interval III characterized by the extreme variation of salinity under cooler water temperature than $18^{\circ}C$, the diatoms were the most important dominants for species succession in spring. If the scale and frequency of the freshwater discharge could have been adjusted properly even during the Succession Interval III, the dominant species would quite possibly be replaced by other estuarine diatom species rather than the two freshwater cyanobacteria, Aphanizomenon flosaquae and Phormidium sp.. The scheme of field sampling every other day for the present study was concluded to be the minimal requirement in order to adequately explore the phytoplankton succession in such estuarine environment as in Keum River Estuary: which is stressed by the unpredictable and unavoidable discharges of freshwater under the regular semi-diurnal tide.

Listening 현장의 소리에 귀 기울이며 : 인사드립니다

백웅길,정금옥,정희순,이종일 기독교대한성결교회 활천사 2008 활천 Vol.656 No.-

춘계 금강 하구에서 혼합영양 섬모류인 Myrionecta rubra (=Mesodinium rubrum) 개체군의 단주기 변동

이원호,명금옥,김형섭,정해진,Yih, Won-Ho,Myung, Geum-Og,Kim, Hyung-Seop,Jeong, Hae-Jin 한국조류학회(藻類) 2005 ALGAE Vol.20 No.3

Myrionecta rubra, a mixotrophic ciliate, is a cosmopolitan red tide species which is commonly found in neritic and estuarine waters. M. rubra had long been listed as an “nculturable protist”until 2 different laboratory strains were finally established in 2 research groups at the beginning of this century, enabling us to perform initiative investigation into various aspect of the live M. rubra strains (Gustafson et al. 2000; Yih et al. 2004b; Johnson and Stoecker 2005). Field sampling was carried out on high tide at 2 fixed stations around Kunsan Inner Harbor (St.1 near the Estuarine Weir and St.2 off Kunsan Ferry Station) every other day for 4 months from mid-February 2004 to understand detailed figure of the recurrent spring blooms of M. rubra following the onset of the water gates operation of the Keum River Estuarine Weir on August 1994. With its maximum abundance of 272 cells mL$^{-1}$ in St.1, fluctuation pattern of the M. rubra population at the 2 stations was strikingly similar. Notable growth of M. rubra population started on late April, to cause M. rubra red tides during one month from mid-May in which “xceptionally low salinity days”without its red tide were intermittently inserted. High abundance of M. rubra over 50 cells mL$^{-1}$ was recorded at samples with their water temperature and salinity higher than 15${^{\circ}C}$ and 4.0 psu, respectively. During pre-bloom period when salinity fluctuation is moderate and the water temperature is cooler than 15°C, Skeletonema costatum, a chain-forming centric diatom, was most dominant. Cyanobacterial species such as Aphanizomenon flos-aquae and Phormidium sp. replaced other dominant phytoplankters on the days with “xceptionally low salinity”even during the main blooming period of M. rubra. To summarize, M. rubra could form spring blooms in Keum River Estuary when the level of salinity fluctuation was more severe than that for the dominant diatom Skeletonema costatum and milder than that for the predominance by freshwater cyanobacteria. Therefore, optimal control of the scale and frequency of freshwater discharges might lead us to partially modify the fluctuation pattern of M. rubra populations as well as the period of spring blooms by M. rubra in Keum River Estuary. Sampling time interval of 2 days for the present study or daily sampling was concluded to be minimally required for the detailed exploration into the spring blooms by M. rubra populations in estuaries with weirs like Keum River Estuary.

Ingestion rate and grazing impact by the mixotrophic ciliate Mesodinium rubrum on natural populations of marine heterotrophic bacteria in the coastal waters of Korea

성경아,명금옥,정해진,이원호,김형섭,Hyun Jung Jo,박재연,유영두 한국조류학회I 2017 ALGAE Vol.32 No.1

We explored feeding by the mixotrophic ciliate Mesodinium rubrum, heterotrophic nanoflagellates (HNFs), and small ciliates (<30 μm in cell length) on natural populations of heterotrophic bacteria in Masan Bay, Keum River Estuary, and in the coastal waters of the Saemankeum area, Korea when M. rubrum red tides occurred. We also measured ingestion rates of M. rubrum on cultured heterotrophic bacteria as a function of bacterial concentration in the laboratory. The ingestion rates of M. rubrum on natural populations of heterotrophic bacteria (2.3–16.8 bacteria grazer−1 h−1) were comparable to or lower than those of co-occurring HNFs (10.7–41.7 bacteria grazer−1 h−1), but much lower than those of co-occurring small ciliates (76.0–462.2 bacteria grazer−1 h−1). However, the maximum grazing coefficient of M. rubrum (0.245 d−1) on natural populations of heterotrophic bacteria was much higher than that of small ciliates (0.089 d−1), and slightly higher than that of HNFs (0.204 d−1). With increasing bacterial concentrations, ingestion rates of M. rubrum on cultured heterotrophic bacteria continuously increased, but became saturated at higher prey concentrations over 1–5 × 106 cells mL−1. The maximum ingestion rate of M. rubrum on cultured heterotrophic bacteria was 34.4 bacteria grazer−1 h−1. Based on the present study, it is suggested that M. rubrum may be an important grazer of heterotrophic bacteria and sometimes have considerable grazing impact on natural populations of heterotrophic bacteria.

Ingestion of the unicellular cyanobacterium Synechococcus by the mixotrophic red tide ciliate Mesodinium rubrum

유영두,성경아,명금옥,김형섭,정해진,Brian Palenik,이원호 한국조류학회I 2015 ALGAE Vol.30 No.4

We explored phagotrophy of the phototrophic ciliate Mesodinium rubrum on the cyanobacterium Synechococcus. The ingestion and clearance rates of M. rubrum on Synechococcus as a function of prey concentration were measured. In addition, we calculated grazing coefficients by combining the field data on abundance of M. rubrum and co-occurring Synechococcus spp. with laboratory data on ingestion rates. The ingestion rate of M. rubrum on Synechococcus sp. linearly increased with increasing prey concentrations up to approximately 1.9 × 106 cells mL-1, to exhibit sigmoidal saturation at higher concentrations. The maximum ingestion and clearance rates of M. rubrum on Synechococcus were 2.1 cells predator-1 h-1 and 4.2 nL predator-1 h-1, respectively. The calculated grazing coefficients attributable to M. rubrum on cooccurring Synechococcus spp. reached 0.04 day-1. M. rubrum could thus sometimes be an effective protistan grazer of Synechococcus in marine planktonic food webs. M. rubrum might also be able to form recurrent and massive blooms in diverse marine environments supported by the unique and complex mixotrophic arrays including phagotrphy on hetrotrophic bacteria and Synechococcus as well as digestion, kleptoplastidy and karyoklepty after the ingestion of cryptophyte prey.

합곡(合谷 Li - 4) 지압이 초산부의 분만 통증정도와 소요 시간에 미치는 효과

김영란,이선혜,강진선,정금옥,주영아 여성건강간호학회 2001 여성건강간호학회지 Vol.7 No.3

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects on labor pain and duration of delivery time for primipara women treated by Hob-Gog (LI-4) pressure. 1. The proposed hypothesis was that 'the scare of labor pain could be lower in the group which had LI-4 pressure applied than in the control group'. 1-1. The sub hypothesis was that the score of subjective labor pain would be lower in the group which had LI-4 pressure applied than in the group which did not have LI-4 pressure applied. 1-2. Another sub hypothesis was that the score of objective labor pain would be lower in the group which had LI-4 pressure applied than in the group which did not have LI-4 pressure applied. 2. The proposed hypothesis was that 'the score of duration of delivery time could be shorter in the group which had LI-4 pressure applied than in the control group'. The design of this study was a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized post test only design to verify the effect on labor pain for primipara women treated by LI-4 pressure and to evaluate the benefits of using LI-4 pressure on some women and judging the degree of their labor pains in comparison with other primipara women not treated with LI-4 pressure. The subjects included 63 primipara women who underwent vaginal delivery; who were between 38-41 weeks intra uterine pregnancy: who did not have any complications; and who were under pitocin augmentation or induction. They were recruited with informed consent; 34 were in the control group and 29 were in the experimental group. The study was measured with a structured questionnaire consisting of general characteristics, knowledge related to delivery, subjective (Johnson, 1974) and objective(McLachlan, 1974) labor pain scale, data collection was done by research during the period from April, 2000 to July, 2000 and data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, x² -test, and t-test. The results were as follows: 1. The scores of total labor pain in the group which had LI-4 pressure applied were lower(347.62±49.84) than in the group(411.02±55.79) which did not have LI-4 pressure applied: And these differences were statistically significant(t=4.7193. p=.000). 1-1. The scores of subjective labor pain in the group which had LI-4 pressure applied were lower(203.44±33.88) than in the group (233.82±31.31) which did not have LI-4 pressure applied(t=3.6953, p=.000). 1-2. The scores of objective pain in the group which had LI-4 pressure applied were lower (144.18±29.12) than in the group which did not have LI-4 pressure applied(177.20±35.01). but there were no statistically significant differences found in regard to the scores of objective pain(t=4.0271, p=.000). 3. The duration of delivery time in the group which had LI-4 pressure applied was shorter (390.51min±111.91) than in the group (460.44min±190.78) which did not have LI-4 pressure applied and the duration of delivery time in the experimental group was statistically more significant than that in the control group. therefore this thesis was adapted(t=1.734, p=.0879). It could be concluded that LI-4 pressure is effective in relation to labor pain and duration of delivery time for primipara women. Therefore it is necessary to increase the number of subjects to generalize this result.

조직구성원들의 조직변화 저항에 미치는 상사의 비인격적 감독의 직접효과와 도덕적 정체성의 매개효과

조윤형(Cho, Yoon-hyung),정금옥(Joeng, Guem-ok) 한국서비스경영학회 2016 서비스경영학회지 Vol.17 No.4

This study examined the processes linking abusive supervision to employees’ resistant toward organizational change by focusing on the mediating influence of moral identity. Tepper(2000) defined abusive supervision as subordinates’ perceptions of the extent to which their supervisors engage in the sustained display of hostile, verbal and nonverbal behaviors, excluding physical contact. previous research has examined why and how abusive supervision is related to its demonstrated outcomes. so that we predict moral identity would relate to the two dimensions of resistant toward organizational change(psychological, behavioral) and to mediate the abusive supervision–resistant toward organizational change relationship. specially this study explores a possible social psychological explanation for the attitudes and behaviors of people who respond negatively toward organizational change. this explanation derives from the psychological effects of a self-regulating construct referred to as moral identity that connects the abusive supervision behavior to organizational change efforts through the evaluative implications of moral self. After literature review, we proposed main effect and mediating effect hypothesis. to test hypothesis, survey method were performed. total 200 questionnaires are used for analysis. the results are as follows. first, abusive supervision significantly increased psychological and behavioral resistant toward organizational change. second, moral identity have significantly decreased behavioral resistant toward organizational change. finally, moral identity mediate relationship between abusive supervision and behavioral resistant toward organizational change. these results indicate that to lead success of organizational change efforts, organization should be managed and mitigate abusive supervision. more specially we expand theoretical implication of moral identity’ role. therefore, this study makes contributions to research of moral identity and explain of abusive supervision’s influences.

고객 맞춤 친절 교육 프로그램 개발 및 친절 실천도 향상

김명하,조선옥,김현숙,정금옥,조승희,류미애,정마자,김정숙 한국의료QA학회 2005 가을학술대회 Vol.2005 No.2

Abundance of Epiphytic Dinoflagellates from Coastal Waters off Jeju Island, Korea During Autumn 2009

김형섭,이원호,김종혁,명금옥,정해진 한국해양과학기술원 2011 Ocean science journal Vol.46 No.3

The occurrence of harmful epiphytic dinoflagellates is of concern to scientists, the aquaculture industry, and government due to their toxicity not only to marine organisms but also to humans. There have been no studies on the abundance of the epiphytic dinoflagellates in Korean waters. We explored the presence of epiphytic dinoflagellates in the coastal waters off Jeju Island, southwestern Korea. Furthermore,we measured the abundance of epiphytic dinoflagellates on the thalli of 24 different macroalgae, collected from five different locations in October 2009. Five epiphytic dinoflagellate genera Amphidinium, Coolia, Gambierdiscus, Ostreopsis, and Prorocentrum were found. These five genera were observed on the thalli of the macroalgae Chordaria flagelliformis, Martensia sp., Padina arborescens, and Sargassum sp., while none were observed exceptionally on Codium fragile. The abundance of Ostreopsis spp. was highest on Derbesia sp. (8,660 cells/g wet weight),while that of Gambierdiscus spp. was highest on Martensia sp. (4,870 cells/g-ww). The maximum abundances of Amphidinium spp., Coolia spp., and Prorocentrum spp. were 410, 710, and 300 cells/g-ww, respectively. The maximum abundance of Coolia spp., Gambierdiscus spp., and Ostreopsis spp. obtained in the present study was lower than for other locations reported in literature. The results of the present study suggest that the presence and abundance of epiphytic dinoflagellates may be related to the macroalgal species of the coastal waters of Jeju Island.