오키나와 주둔 미군기지와 여성인권의 지평

장화경 ( Chang Hwakyung ) 부산대학교 여성연구소 2009 여성학연구 Vol.19 No.-

Japan ended the war by having Okinawa as the bulwark and gained economic prosperity by yielding Okinawa to the United States. Okinawa is a unique authoritarianism-oriented base society as well as a closed society intensifying Americanism and racial prejudice. From the perspective of woman, the social weak, the situational context of male dominant violence being generated in military camp town is on the assumption. Military base of United States Forces and woman rights are in a tense antagonistic relationship. There is a structural factor which the rights of women in Okinawa are violated due to pragmatic security line of Japan and the United States. Stationing of military bases of United States Forces is the product of the treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between the United States and Japan. On the flip side of this treaty, the scene of depriving the identity of Okinawa as well as violating woman rights is tacitly on the premise. The reality of sex trade and sexual violence incidents in Okinawa exists in the blind spot, on the hidden side of legitimacy of the United States military bases established on alliance security system of Japan and the United States. The actual state of Okinawa woman rights is the scene of relativizing national ideology of post war ‘peaceful Japan’. Such reality calls for formation and expansion of social sympathy realizing the contradiction of genderized military society. Through this, it is reconfirmed that woman rights is a processive concept expanding boundary as well as a futuristic value to be pursued constantly.

도시지역 여성운동의 현황 및 성격에 관한 연구 -살구여성회의 사례를 중심으로

김주숙 ( Joo Sook Kim ),장화경 ( Hwa Kyung Chang ) 민주사회정책연구원 2003 민주사회와 정책연구 Vol.4 No.-

Not until the early 1990s has community womens movement begun to flourish with the background of introduced local government and social movements towards civil society. As the services offered to residents by the local governments are recently diversified, the womens roles for community development are in the phase of transition, with their identities at stake leaving future roles undecided. This study covers the roles of women in participation as subjects in developing community. It analyzes the consequence of activities of Salgu womens association in Geumcheon-gu Seoul, a model case of community womens movement, and reviews the general features of local residents movements and womens movements in japan. The Salgu womens associations practice bore Iruit: the recognition of their regional traits, realization of residents subjectivity, development of womens social educational programs, formation of democratic organization centered around membership and the enhancement of community welfare. Because of womens voluntary activities, it can be evaluated as a leading community movement to enhance the living quality of residents. Meanwhile in Japan, although local womens movement as a residential movement realized social welfare through network, influencing local politics, it is tainted with conservatism under the sway of centripetal force. It is important to secure publicity through publicizing process stemming from residents interests. It requires a partnership between community womens movement and local government. From now on, community womens movement should set up both female identity and publicity in the regions. Furthermore, it needs to seek the way of enhancing a network to increase resources.

RN-BSN 과정에서 사이버교육의 효과

김희순(Kim, Hee Soon),오가실(Oh, Ka Sil),이경자(Lee, Kyung Ja),장화경(Chang, Hwa Kyoung) 한국간호교육학회 2003 한국간호교육학회지 Vol.9 No.2

성공회대학교 : 일본의 아동수당제도의 검토를 중심으로

장화경 성공회대학교 1999 성공회대학논총 Vol.- No.13

일본의 한국인 뉴카마와 소수파 노동운동

李鍾久,張和卿,河棕文,李仁之 성공회대학교 1998 성공회대학논총 Vol.- No.12

한국 여성운동과 걸스카우트운동 : 과거·현재·미래 Yesterday, Present and Tomorrow

정세화,이동원,김미숙,박진숙,장화경,홍승아 이화여대 한국여성연구소 1988 여성학논집 Vol.5 No.-

One of the major implications of women's movements seems to lie in the fact that it tends to promote women's consciousness-raising and, thus, heighten social status of women in general. It would be very much the case when discussion centers around the emergence of Korean women's movements in modern sense. Due to the socio-political atmospheres of the lathe 19th century Korean society, its basic characteristics owe to strong tones of patriotic nationalism under the slogan of "learning is might enough to deal with the imperialistic foreign powers of the time." As such, ever since the introduction of women's enlightenment movements of the time, Korean women's movements have provided for the advancement of egalitarian society. However, assessing the effectiveness of programs that are practiced by the existing women's organizations in Korea, it deserves mention in that most programs are for the adult female members, assuming it would only be applicable to those adults. In this regard, it can be said that the Korean Girl Scout organization has worked a unique role to make up such voids in women's movements - most programs developed and exercised by the Girl Scout are reserved for those young girls. For instance, special activities like social services, field campaigns, and international gatherings would definitely work a profound impact in the formation of gender-role stereotypes of the youth. The present study tries to examine the Korean Girl Scout movement being the case of women's movement organization. Discussion will cover such topics as; historical reviews of Korean Girl Scout movement, principal organizational goals and its practice in real life, and internal dynamics of members between "staffs" and the ordinary members themselves-on perceptions of the movement, evaluation of leaderships, and the future orientations of the Girl Scout, etc. Various research methods are employed. Book reviews, in-depth interviews, questionnaires, and participant observations are utilized, when the respective measurement is required. Major findings of the study can be summarized as follows: (1) Numbers of Girl Scout membership have declined since 1980, while revealing its utmost pick upto mid-70s. In terms of regional distributions of the members, both Seoul and Kyung-Nam Branches are the most prosperous. Whereas commemoration ceremonies and camping works are considered most impressive programs, membership trainings and field works are the lowest. About 70 percent of the members show their length of activities in Girl Scout less than one year. Most members are involved in the activities based on self-decision in order to have social services, club memberships, or self actualizations. They are satisfied with most of the programs, especially when participating in the social service programs. (2) As for the staff members, about half of the leaders in the headquarters are newly appointed. Whereas majority of the 'field' staffs are young (in their 20s, or 30s), other leaders are considered old (most of them are in their 40s, 50s, or 60s). Half of the leaders are involved in the activities for less than 5 years. They are recruited by either colleagues' or office seniors' recommendations. Reasons to participate in the movement are to have self-actualized or to have opportunity for social services. All in all, leaders are satisfied with the Girl Scout activities mainly because they can see their youth members progressing and developing. (3) Several issues for the better organizational managements seem to be related. prevalence of aspirational differences between leaders and members tends to cause psychological burdens. Other problematics such as lack of free communication networks, tensions due to cohort differences, authoritarian leadership styles, and financial difficulties would hinder Girl Scout movement more promising and popular to all. Based on the research findings, two major suggestions might be in order. First, underlying rationales of the Girl Scout movement should be reoriented. A special emphasis on the creation of self-supportive 'androgynous individuals' would be the case (in this regard, an intensive program targeted for those pre-school-aged members would be the most effective). As a way to achieve the strategic reformulation, reliance on the interdisciplinary program (for example, coordination with the university) will be one possibility. Secondly, an organizational management should be sufficiently considered. provisions (tangible and intangible) for the 'field leaders' being the key leader group in the Girl Scout movement should be afforded enough to keep their participations voluntary and continuous.