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중앙약사심의위원회의 임상시험계획서/결과보고서 심의에 대한 제약업계의 의견 조사
임경화,박주현,박경미,김혜진,김미영,이일섭,김철준,장준식,신상구,이형기,Lim, Kyung-Hwa,Park, Joo-Hyun,Park, Kyung-Mi,Kim, Hye-Jin,Kim, Mi-Young,Lee, Yil-Seob,Kim, Chul-Joon,Chang, Joon-Shik,Shin, Sang-Goo,Lee, Hyeong-Ki 대한임상약리학회 1998 臨床藥理學會誌 Vol.6 No.1
Background : The Central Pharmaceutical Affairs Council (CPAC) in Korea has reviewed protocols and study reports of registration clinical trials since 1992. A survey was conducted in order to collect industry's viewpoint of the CPAC's review, to find problems, and finally to suggest better ways of its review process. Methods : 72 people from 56 member companies of the Korean Society for Clinical Trial (total 82 companies) replied to the questionnaire. The questionnaire covered trial experience of respondents, CPAC's review quality and consistency, compatibility with Institutional Review Board(IBB)'s review, feasibility of industry's participation in CPAC as member, necessity of hearing by industry, standing committee, review frequency, satisfaction in regulatory official's coordination, and private contact with CPAC's member prior to the official review. Contingency table analysis was done according to the respondents' experience of registration trials (2 or less, 3 and more) and the number of submission for review (2 or less, 3 to 5, 6 or more). Results : The most frequently stated problems regarding the CPAC's review are overlapped and/or incompatble review result with IRB (24.0%), less frequent or delayed review (21.6%), and lack of hearing process by industry on the result of review (17.6%). The survey respondents regarded CPAC's review quality as intermediate (72.7% for therapeutic category and 54.5% for clinical trial related matters), and 34.8% of respondents evaluated CPAC's review standard, in terms of trial related matters, as low. In order to improve CPAC's review quality, ensuring quality experts (27.5%), industry's participation in CPAC as committee members (27.5%), and hearing by industry (23.0%) were suggested. To reconcile incompatible review results between CPAC and IRB, CPAC's review followed by the notification to IRB (53.6%), and industry's premeeting with CPAC (21.7%) were reported essential. 93.1 % of respondents felt CPAC should be run as a sort of standing committee to facilitate its review. Conclusion : To increase the CPAC's review standard and to make its review more accpetable to industries, it is strongly required to ensure experts having a balanced idea and experience in scientific, ethical, and practical aspects of clinical trial, and, in the long run, to operate the CPAC on a continual basis. In the current regulatory system, however, it is suggested to communicate interactively between CP AC and industries by accepting industry's clinical trial experts into CPAC and by securing industry's hearing possbile when neeeded. 배경 및 연구 목적 : 1992년 이후, 중앙약사심의위원회 신약분과 임상평가소분과위원회(중앙약심)에서 담당해 온, 임상시험 계획서/보고서 심의의 관련된 제약업계 실무 담당자들의 의견을 조사하고, 문제점을 도출하여 개선 방향을 모색하고자 본 조사를 실시하였다. 조사 대상 및 방법 : 임상시험연구회원사(총 82개) 중 55개 사(68.3%)에서 임상시험 업무를 담당하는 72명으로부터 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문서는 임상시험 업무 경험, 중앙약심 위원들의 전문성, 제약업계의 중앙약심 참여가능성, 심의의 비일관성, IRB 심의와의 불일치, 제약업계의 청문/설명 기회 보장, 심의 첫수의 적절성, 상설 기구의 필요성, 보건복지부 담당 공무원의 협조, 중앙약심 위원과의 사전 접촉 등을 묻는 문항으로 구성돼 있다. 허가용 임상시험의 담당횟수(2건 이하, 3건 이상) 및 중앙약심에 의한 총 피심의 첫수 (2건이하, $3{\sim}5$건, 6건 이상)에 대해, 각 설문서의 문항별로 교차표 분석을 실시하였다. 조사 결과 : 중앙약심 심의의 가장 큰 문제점은 IRB와 중앙약심에 의한 심의의 중복 및 불일치 (24.0%), 부족한 심의 횟수 및 지연 (21.6%), 제약업계의 청문 기회제공 결여 (17.6%) 등의 순이었다. 치료 약물 분야 및 임상시험의 실제에 대한중앙약심 위원들의 전문성은 중간 정도라는 응답이 각각 72.7%, 54.5%로 제일 많았고, 특히 임상시험의 실제에 대한 전문성이 부족하다고 응답한 경우도 34.8%에 달하였다. 중앙약심 위원들의 심의 전문성을 높이기 위한 방법으로, 상시 가용한 심의 전문 인력의 확보 (27.5%), 제약업계의 중앙약심 참여 (27.5%),제약업계의 청문/설명기회 보장 (23.0%) 등이 제시되었다. IRB 심의와의 불일치를 해결하기 위해서는, 중앙약심에 의한 사전심의 후 IRB 통보 (53.6% ), 중앙약심과 제약업계외 사전 회합 및 조율 (21.7%) 등이 필요하다고 응답하였다. 중앙약심의 상설 또는 준상설 심의 기구화가 필요하다는 응답은 93.1%였다. 결론 : 중앙약심의 계획서/보고서 심의의 전문성을 높이고 원활한 심의를 가능하게 하려면, 장기적으로는 과학적, 윤리적, 현실적 논점들에 대해 균형 감각을 갖고 있는 산-학-관 전문 인력의 확보 및 심의 기구 상설화가 필요하다. 또한 현행 제도하에서도, 제약업계의 임상시험 전문가를 중앙약심에 참여시키고 제약업계에 청문 및 설명 기회를 제공함으로써, 양방향 의사소통 기회를 늘이는 것이 요망된다.
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류재하(Jae Ha Ryu),은진희(Jin Hee Eun),이소영(So Young Lee),장준식(Joon Shik Chang),박만기(Man Ki Park),박정일(Jeong Hill Park),한용남(Yong Nam Han),한병훈(Byung Hoon Han) 大韓藥學會 1997 약학회지 Vol.41 No.5
Two alkaloidal components were isolated from the ether soluble part of the MeOH extract of the root bark of Euonymus japonica. Their structures were elucidated by the spectroscopic analylses as the sesquiterpene pyridine alkaloids derived from polyester sesquiterpenes which are characteristically detected in Celastraceae plants. These include macrocycle formed by two ester linkages between dihydro-beta-agarofuran nucleus and pyridinic dibasic acid(compound 1:evoninic acid, compound 2:wilfordic acid). The structure of compound 1[C47H50N2017, mp 161~163oC. [alpha]D28=+31.6o(c, 0.1 in EtOH)] was determined as novel structure named as euojaponine N, and compound 2[C48H57NO18, mp 142~145oC, [alpha]D27=+27.0o(c, 0.1 in EtOH)] was identified as ebenifoline W-I reported from Maytenus ebenifolia.
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S-Bioallethrin의 독성에 미치는 N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide의 영향
홍사욱,장준식 한국환경독성학회 1993 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.8 No.1
In order to investigate the toxicities of S-bioallethrin (S-biol) and its combination treatment with N-octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide (MGK-264), the acute and subacute toxicity, and enzyme activity test were performed. LD_(50) levels of S-biol and MGK-264 in rats are 640 mg/kg and 3,280 mg/kg respectively. However, when rats were treated with the mixture of S-biol and MGK-264 (1 : 5 ratio), the LD5o was decreased to 545 mg/kg. In serological analysis, ALT and LDH were increased in animals treated with the mixture. Also glucose level was significantly increased after 5 weeks in animals treated with both S-biol and the mixture. Other biochemical parameters such as cytochrome P -450 and NADPH-cytochrome c reductase in the liver and kidney were shown to be not significantly changed. Levels of total ATPase and Mg^(2+) ATPase were significantly decreased in the liver of animals treated with the mixture after 4-5 weeks. In addition, S-biol can alone decrease total ATPase activity. Total ATPase activity was also significantly decreased in the kidney after 5 week treatment with the mixture. Similarily, glucose-6-phosphatase activity was significantly decreased in animals treated with the mixture. When either S-biol or MGK-264 was administered cholinesterase and carboxyesterase activities were slightly decreased but they were significantly decreased when the mixture was administered.
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